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Show wit wi _ we a ee Our Northerly and Southerly //inds, how- ever, which are commonlyefteem’d the Caufes of cold and warm Weather, Mr. Derbam objerves, (as we have faid) are really the Effects of the Cold or Warmthof the Atmofphere : Henceitis that we frequently fee a warm Southerly Wind, on a fudden, chang’d to the North, bythe Fall of Snow or Hail; and that in a cold, frofty Morning we fee the #”ind North, which afterwards wheels about towards the Southerly Quarters, when the Sun has well warm’d the Air; and again in the cold Evening, turns Northetly or Eafterly. Some Winds are drying, others are moift ; fome gather Clouds, others difperfe them ; fome are warm, others cold ; but their Influ€nce is not one and the fame inall Places ; for fuch Winds as are warm in one Country, are cold in another; Vapours by the fubterraneous Fires, and thefe Vapours iffuing out of the Chinks of the Ground, create the ind; and becaufe the Situation of Mountains is commonly fuch as permits thofe to flow but one Way, thence fore they fay, the Vehemence of the Wind is in fuch and fuch a Place. But thefé Perfons fhew no Place whence the Matter of the Winds can come with fo much Force; though they talk of Caves whichare the Store-houfes of the Winds, yetif it were fo, all Places muft be full of Caves, whereas we hear but of very few: And befides, in the Places where fuch Caves are, the fame Winds would blow continually, or would feldom fail ; but this is what was never found yet. See Aimofphere, Air, Vapour, Hail, Rain, Snow, iC. thofe that are wet with us, are dry with other Nations; and on the contrary. The dry Winds are fach, as carry but a few Vapours along wv hem, andtherefore lick ff the moift Particles from the Bodies over thus in Holland the Prognofticks of W. 7 from the Winds. The Winds, Mr. Pointerfays, are the Caufes of the moft fudden and extraordinary Alters ations of the Air. The Nature of the Windsis fuch, that by 2 » With the intermediate the Experience we have of them, we may very Points, are dry caufe the cold Northern nearly predict what Weather we fhall have for Sea yields bu Vapours in Comparifon of two or three Days after; as for Example, we thofé that come from warmer Parts of the knowthat in our Climate, a South Wind genean; but the wefterly Winds and others rally brings Rain, and a weft Wind more, and moift, becaufe they iffue from warm and the weft Wind is the predominant Wind with urous Parts, the Weftern Wind feldom us, becaufe the Oceanlies on the weft Side of g to fend Rain, our Country. Such Winds gather Clouds, which blowfrom And alfo, that a north Wind brings fair the Quarters where the Vapours arife, which Weathe to us, as well as the Eaft Wind, r in conjunction with the Vapours of our own which does not laft fo long as the North; Region, fill the Air: And, on the contrary, therefore the North-e aft and South-weft Winds thofe that bring little Vapour along with them, are thofe that are neceffa ry chiefly to be and bear away that which hangs over us, bring treated of. fair Weather. Mr. Pointer gives the following Rules to Winds are either warm or cold, as the know when the Wind will fet in one of thefe Countries are from whence they blow; and two Points, for the moft part for two or three therefore when a brisk Hind blows from a cold Months togeth er. Firft, as to the North-eaft Quarter, it allays the Heat of Summer, which Wind; when the Wind turns to the Northis very troublefome in ftill Weather. Thus eaft Point, and continues in it two Days witha quick Blaft of a Pair of Bellows, will pur out Rain, and does neithe turn to the Southr out a Flame, which agentle Blowing increafes ; for the quick Blaft drives all the Flame to one Side, where it is ftifled by the Force of the incumbent Air, for want of Aliment; buta gentle 7 1ugments the Motion of the Flame every w and makes it feize on more Parts of Fuel. Now, becaufé all the Heat or Cold of Wind proceeds from the Heat or Cold ofthe Country where it blows ; therefore the fame Winds are cold or hot every where. Beyond the Line, they are juft the Reverfe of what they are with us; their cold #inds are from the South, ours from the North ; and as our South Winds are warm, from no other Reafon, but becaufe they bring us an Air heated by the Sun; for the very fame Reafon, the North Winds are Warrn to our Antipodes. From what has beenfaid, it is evident that the Sunis the Caufe of the // ‘ind, and Motion the Caufe of Vapours. There are fome, who fancy that the Waters in the Bowels of the Earth are rarefied into ward the third Day, nor rain, thenit is likely to continue eight or nine Days without Rain, and thento return into the South. If the Wind turn out of the Southto the North-eaft again, and continues two Days in that Point without Rain, and neither rains nor turns to the South the third Day, it is likely to continue North-eaft for two Months, and for the moft part for three Months. The Wind will finifh thefe Turns towards the North in three Weeks time, Secondly, as tothe South-weft Winds ; when the Wind has been in the North for two Months or more, and comes to the South, there are ufually three or four fair Days at firft, and then onthe fourth or fifth Day comes Rain, or elfe the Wind turns North, and con- tinues dryftill; if within a Day or two, with- out Rain, it returns to the South, and with Rain turn Northward, and return into the South the firft or fecond Day, as before, two or three times together after this Manner, then it is like to be in the South or ree we: weft two or three Months together, for the moft part, as it wasin the North before: The Wind will finifh thefe Turnsin a Fortnight. He does not mention the Eaft or Weft Winds, becaufe he fays, the Rains come ufually from the South,orin the fhifting of the Wind from the South to the North: As for-the Drought, the Wind is, for the moft part, North-eaft. If it prove fair Weather out of the South for a Week together (which is noc ufual) it is like to be a great Drought, when it has rained a long Time out of the South before. The Wind ufually turns from the North to the South quietly without Rain ; but comes back againinto the North, with a ftrong Wind and Rain: The greateft Winds which blow down Houfes and Trees, ufually come by the turning of the Vind out of the South by the Weft into the North, whichdrives away Rain and clears the Air. Signs of the Changing of the Wind. Mr. Pointer fays, in what Point foever the Wind is, when the Sun rifes with many pale Spots appearing in its Orb, and part of it hid inaCloud, it will foon turn to the South. Wind will follow; for fach Winds breathirig chiefly out of the Earth, are notfirft perceived, except they are pent by Water or Wood ; and therefore a Murtiur out of the Caves likewife portends as much. Whenthe Brightnefs of the f{maller Stars is on a fudden obfcur’d, it isa Sign of a Tempeft arifing ; for the upper Regions ofthe Air perceive the Matter of the Colle@tion of Tempefts and Winds, before the Air here below ; therefore the obfcuring of the fmallet Stars, is a Sign of 'Tempefts following. He fays, the Air and Fite have fubtile Per- ceptionof the rifing Wiids before Men. We may perceive the Trembling of 4 Candle will difcover a ind, that otherwife we do not feel ; and the flexious burning of Flames fhews the Air is beginning to be unquiet, and in like manner do Coals of Fire, bycafting off the Afhes more than ufual; and as for the Afhes it is not to be admired at, if the Wind, unperceived, fhake them off ; for it is a Commonthing to try which way the Wind blows, by throwing up Grafs, Chaff, or fuch like things into the Air. Signs of the Wirid’s ceafing:: If a hafty Shower of Rain falls, when the That when the Wind has been fettled for Twenty-four Hours or more, in any of the Wind has raged for fome Hours, it {oon abates. full Points, as North, Eaft, Weft or South, If Water ruckles much, and frequent whenit begins to turn, it will not fettle till it Bubbles arife, the Storm is but of a fhort comes to the oppofite Point, as from the North Continuance. If Sparrows chirp merrily, and Moles come to the South, and fo from full Eaft to full Weft ; and fo of the angular Points, as from out of their Holes, it isa Sign of the Storm ceafing. the North-eaft to the South-weft. If the Bird called King’s-Fifber, or Halcyon, Upon whatfoever Quarter the Wind is when the Moon changes, it prefently changes upon attempts the Seas when the /Vind blows hard, it isa Sign of its abating. the New Moon. When the Generality of the Clouds tack with the ind (though there fhould be many in little Fleeces or long Flakes lying higher) the Vindis flagging, andwill change foon and Of WINES and vinous Liquors. WINE isa brisk, agreeable and {pirituous Juice, drawn from Vegetable Bodies, and fermented. Dr. Boerhaave characterizes Wine, that the Common Obfervations and Sigus of Winds and firft thing that it affords by Diftillation, be a Storms arifing. thin, fatty, inflammable, €%c. Fluid, called a If pale Spots feem to appear in the Orb of Spirit ; and in this it is diftinguifhed from the Sun at his fetting, and do dazzle there, another Clafs of fermented Vegetable Juices, ftrong Winds from the South will enfue ; the viz. Vinegars, which inftead of fuch Spirit, Wind foon fhifting into that Point, in what yield for the firft thing an acid, uninflammable Matter. i Quarter foever it was before. In order to the making Wives, it will be of If there appear upon the Sun, whenhe is fetting, fiery Spots, or of a reddifh Colour, great Advantage to be well acquainted with much /Vind will enfue ; and a red, lowring the Bufinefs of Fermentation. ‘This Dr. Boerhaave defines andexplains as follows. Morning is frequently a Fore-runner of Wind. Fermentation is a Change. produced in VeIf the Moon, whenat full, has a reddifh getable Bodies, by means of an inteftine MoCircle about her, it prefages much Wind. When Meteors, or, as they are commonly tion excited therein ; the Effeét whereof is this, called, Stars, fhoot and fpread a long Train of that the Part which firft rifes from them in Light, they are Forerunners of /inds that will Diftillation, is either a thin, fat, acrid, hot, tranfparent, volatile and inflammable Fluid foon follow. The Lord Bacon fays, the following are that will mix with Water; orelfea thin, acid, fhift its Point. Prognofticks arifing, of high Winds or Tempefts Whenthe Sea refounds upon the Shore, when the Winds murmurin the Woods, without any apparent /ini, they portend that pellucid, lef volatile, uninflammable Liquor, capable of extinguifhing Fire. The Liquor obtain’d by means of Fermen- tation, is called Thin, becaufe none appears to be thinner than the Spirit of fermented Wege- |
