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Show Wi wi wil wi rier In point of Strength or Spirituofity,it flafeem’d perfectly aromatick and nobly vour’d; a thing not found in common Malt Liquors, and for Confiftence, it refembled a dilute Syrup, and with a pleafing Softnets, fheathed the Acrimony of the Spirit, and concealed the Bitternefs of the Hop, which , ; before was very confiderable. The mucilaginous Nature predominant in all Male Liquors, here occafions a greater Inaccuracy; as not fuffering the condenfed Part to get clear and run fromthe Ice: But Half of poor, weak, auftere and acid Wine to about a Quart, in the Winter of the Year 1696, and put itinto a Glafs Bottle, whereof a third Part remained empty ; and ftoppedit only with a hard Wreath of Paper; and thus it ftood for the Space of two Years in my Bed-chamber, where during the Summer; when the Weather was fair, the Windows were open all Day long; and where alfo in the Winter other aqueous Liquorsfroze, During this Time, it was often opened, and fome of it poured out, both to tafte and otherwife to ufe ; and yet in all this Time it as this Lignor is cheaper than Wine, the Lofs neither grew mouldy or four, nor fuffered is lefs confiderable, and not only fo, but if any Separation of Parts; only depofited a the Operation were to be performedinlarge, the thaw’d Liquor might be commodioutly fmall Quantity of Tartar, but retainedits original Confiftence and Tafte intire; exemploy’d in a frefh Brewing ; fo that with a cepting fome fmall Change in both for the flight Encharefis, all manner of Lofs may be better. prevented. In the fame Manner we concentrated a And thus likewife the Phlegm of Wine, feparated in the Operation, may, by a proper fomewhat better Kind of Wine to little more Ferment, be converted into good Vinegar, than a fourth Part; but the Bulk of this did with a great deal of Eafe and moderate not keep fo well as the former, as having many more Tafters, than chat auflere and difagreeProfit. What a large Quantity of Water abounds able Sort. When it was by degrees tafted away to in Vinegar is well known to thofe that are skill’d in Chymiftry; fo that a great Quantity halfa Pint, I put the Remainder into a Glafy, of Vinegar will faturate but a {mall one of and tied it over with a Piece of Bladder, then Alkaline Salt: And again, a deal of Vinegar fet it in the fame Place, near the former; but is required to diffolve a little Quantity of could not prevent its being fipp’d away by degrees, till only about three Ounces were Metal. A Pint of the ftrongeft Vinegar will fcarce left. This fmall Quantity ftood all the Summer, diffolve above two Drams of Iron ; or faturate more than the like Quantity of good Salt of barely covered with a leofe Bladder, without Tartar: But our Method of Condenfation Alteration, or growing in the leaft mouldy or effe€tually remedies this Inconvenience, and acid, andlong after retain’d its moft grateful fo far deprives the Vinegar of its fuperfluous Tafte and quick Smell; only the latter was Water, and colleéts its acetous, penetrating fomewhat weakened through the Bottle’s reSharpnefs, as to render it extreamly powerful ; maining untied down: And that under this thus throwing out five or fix Parts ofufelefs Inconvenience it fhould continue fo perfect Phlegm, that taftes fcarce perceptibly acid, andintire, is very furprizing. I had in the. Winter of the Year before, and at the fame time retaining the Strength and Virtue of the Whole, in the Part remain- condenfed a very fmall Quantity of the fame Sort of Wine to half an Ounce, and put into ing uncongeal’d. an Ounce Phial, which remain’d lightly tied The Advantages of the Method of condenjing downall the next Year in myordinary StoveRoom, where it kept without corrupting, till Wines by Cold. after the End of the Winter, when by the Tis certain that the beft and nobleft Wines, unequal, and fometimesviolent heating of the if expofed for feveral Days to the warm open Room, it became vapid and mouldy. _ A parcel of Vinegar concentrated after the Air of the Summer, out of a Vault or other proper Receptacle, will inevitably corrupt and fame Manner in the Winter 1694, andby that fpoil, throwing a mouldy and mucilaginous means broughtto a corrofive Degree of SharpMatterto their Surface, and acquiring a Degree of Stench or Vapidity, or at beft turning to Vinegar: On the contrary, the Wine con- denfed in our Manner, fuffers none of thefe Changes, upon being fo expofed ; but remains for a long time not only uncorrupted, but even unaltered, as we have experienced for nefs, which rendered it unfit for the Table, {tood in the fame Room with the concentrated Wines, for three whole Summers and Winters, without any manner of Tendency to Corrup- tion, or the fmalleft Sign either of Mouldinels or Ropinefs. vt a Thefe Examples and Experiments fufficient- feveral Years. ly thew, that Liquors thus concentrated, may, And as this Difference is owing to nothing for along time, be kept in a State of Permore than freeing the Wine of its fuperfluous Water; it may hence be fairly prefumed, that Water alone is the principal or immediate Inftrument of all the fermentative Motions and Changes of vinous Liquors. Wecondenfed in our Methed a Gallon and fection with little Care. , 2 But there are fome particular Changes 0 that Wines and Vinegars, thus concentrated, happen in procefs of Time. , 1. Wines, upon being th hus concentrated n they feem to acquire a more auft ere Tafte tha had had originally ; and no Wonder, as the Con- mere moveable fluid Water, that is the moft denfation brings their faline and rough Matter active Inftrument of fermentative Motion, ic into a third or fourth of its original Compafs 5 cannotbut prefently fall into Corruption. This Bufinefs of Congealation is not only fo that this is no new Addition or Increafe of the rough Tafte, but perhaps fome Degree of applicable to immediate Profit ; but alfo paves Mitigation thereof, in regard of the Clofenefs the Way tocertain Matters of Curiofity ; and whereto this rough Matter is brought ; which fhews one Particular, which though not new, of itfelf ought rather to multiply the Effect but antiently common and familiar, has yet in a greater Proportion. grown ftrangely into Difufe, through the InThe Change may be conceiv’d owing to dolence of Mankind, this, that all Wines are obferved to grow mild As to the Point of immediate Ufe, it needs and foft by long lying; which Effect is greatly promoted in them by a fucceffive Separation of their Tartar, and a gentle Evaporation of fome Part of their Water ; occa- fioning that Neceffity we find of frequently filling up the Casks in the Summer Months: But in our concentrated Wine, though fome Tartar be fucceflively feparated, yet there is found no concurrent Evaporation ; for the no Explanation; for he muft be very dull, indeed, who does not immediately perceive that Wines, Fc. by this Method may be reduced to any Degree of Vinofity, Strength or : Perfeétion. Thus for Example ; If a Wine of a moderate Strength, have a third Part ofits Water taken away, in the Form ofIce, by Congealation, the remaining Part will thereby be doubled in Strength and Goodnefs: For if in the better concenttated Wine grows foft and mellow in a well-ftopp’d Glafs, where no fenfible Diminu- Sorts of Wines we allow, as we may, one third Part to be good ortruly vinous, and tion of the Quantity is perceived. But the Etfect proceeds principally upon a two third Parts to be Water; then that one clofer Combination of the groffer with the third good Part is divided among the two {pirituous Part; which now wanting Water, aqueous Parts; whence, if one of the two fucceflively throws off the grofier Tartar from aqueous Parts be taken away, that famethird Part before divided between the two Waters, the reft of the Mixture. But befides this, there feems to be another now remains collected or condenfed, in a remarkable Change incident to our concen- double Proportion along with but one of trated Wines, not only in the Tafte, but them. But if this Condenfation be carried up to abundantly in the Smell; for although that very auftere Wine above-mentioned, had a the utmoft, and practifed in a large Quantity, much milder Tafte the third Year than the with a fomewhat intenfe Cold, it may, per+ fecond, yet its {pecifick Odour perfeétly re- haps, reduce good Wines to a Sixth, and this fembled that of Sack and Canary, fo as to be {mall Quantity might commodioufly be us’d miftaken for it, from the Smell alone, by good as a Quinteflence, to meliorate, improve, and Judges, who were acquaintedwiththe original even {fpecificate fmaller and low-flavoured Flavout of the Wine from whence it was con- Wine. To conclude, as to the direct and immecentrated. Nor is this Change of Odour peculiar to diate Ufe of our Method of Condenfation, he the Secret, by meansof alittle, dry, whohas Wine alone ; but concentrated Vinegar participates fomewhat of it, and was obferved for powdry Body, of turning Water into Wine, rapital Ule fome time to lofe it in great meafure, upon will not, perhaps, eafily divulge being left long ftopp’d only with Paper; and he may make of this Experiment. the Bottle often pouredout, WINE-PRESS. 4 Defcription of the Andtherefore as ’tis plain that Wines, and all other fermented Liquors, become much more durable by Concentration, and yet this Durability is here confirm’d and prov’d from fmall and inconfiderable Quantities, wherein they always retain their Goodnefs, it is obvious, that if the Operation were perform’d in large, a great Bulk ofthe Liquor thus concentrated, would be ftill immenflylefs fubject to Alteration, from the Air and Heat ; which are the great Taiffon or framed Prefi.) The Prefs, which is a Machine or moving Power, contrived to fqueeze the Juice out of Grapes, confifts of an Affemblage of many Pieces of Timber, placed after different Difpofitions, which compofe three Bodies of Timber-work, clofely joined to the Axis, which ferves as a Swing, whereby it may be movedby the Vice. Thegreat Preffes are Thirty or Thirty-three Feet long, and Twelve orSixteen wide. To make one of thefe Machines, they firft dig two great Incentives to fermentative Motions ; and that if fuch fmall Parcels fuffered no Change for the worfe, much lefs would the larger, But as thefe concentrated Liquors, by reafon of their confiderable Proportion of a Pit in the Ground about four Feetdeep, and faline and Middle of this Hollow, fine fpirituous Parts, have alefs Tendency to Diffolution and Corruption ; fo on the contrary, the aqueous Part feparated from them, has very ftrong Tendencythereto; for as it takes from the ine, andcarries off with i little of the mucilaginous and ictuau t; and yet is almoft wholly a fixteen Feet {quare, in the moft commodious Place where the Prefs is defign’d. In the they build a fmall Pile of Mafonry the whole Length for a Foundatioh; two Feet thick and three Feet high, in fuch a Manner, as to have only one Foot below the Surface of the Ground; then they make a parallel Wall to furround the Prefs from the Right to the Left to the Ex- remity ud mM wei ee eh is |