OCR Text |
Show of ‘Frees proportionable to the Size oftheir Leaves, and Magnitude of their Fruit) for when their Heads are very thick, (which is often occafioned by the unskilful fhortening of their Branches) the Sun and Air cannot PL nt PL into the Ground; but before this, I would advife, if the Trees have been longout ofthe Ground; fo that their Fibres are dry’d, to place their Roots in Watereight or ten Hours, before they are planted, oblerving to place them in fuch a Manner, thaat their Heeads may freely pafs between their Leaves, fo that the Fruit muft be fimall and ill tafted. But to remain erect, and their Roots only immers’d return; After havingdifplaced thefe Branches, therein, which will fwell the dry’d Veffels you fhould alfo cut off all fuch Parts of Branches, as have by any Accident been broken or wounded ; for thefe will remain a difagreeable Sight, and often occafion a Difeafe in the Tree. But you fhould, by no of the Roots, and prepare them to imbibe Nourifhment from the Earth. Infixing of means, cut off the main, leading Shoots, as if it be a hard Rock or Gravel, them, great Regardfhould be had to the!Ne ture ofthe Soil, which, if cold and moift, tk Trees fhould be planted very fhallow; as allo, it will be , by too many, practisd, for thofe are ne- muchthe better Way toraife a Hill of Earth ps to attract the Sap from the Root, and where each Tree is to be planted, than to dig thereby promote the Growth of the Tree : into the Rock or Gravel, and fill it up For, from feveral Experiments which I made with Earth, (as is too often practis’d) whereby the Winter 1709, by cutting off the Branches the Trees are p/anted,as it were, in a'Tub,there of feveral Sorts of ‘Trees, and putting them being but little Room for their Roots to exinto Phials fill’d with Water, whofe Tops were tend ; fo that after twoor three Years Growth, clofely cover’d, to prevent the Evaporating of when their Roots have extended to the Sides the Water, I found, that thofe Shoots whof of the Hole, they are eee by the Rock can get no farther, and the Trees leading Buds were preferved, did attract the Moifture in much greater Quantity, than will d line, and, in a few Years, die; bethofe Shoots whofe Tops were cut off: And fides, thefe Holes do detain the Moifture fo from feveral Experiments made by the Reve- that the Fibres of the P/ants are often rotted rend Mr. Hales, we find, that great Quanti- thereby. But whentheyare raifed above the ties of Moifture are imbib'd at Wrounds, where Surface of the Ground,their Roots will exBranchesare cut off ; fo that by thus fhorten- tend, and find Nourifhment, tho’ the Earth ing the Branches, the Wet, which generally upon the Rock or Gravel benot three Inches falls in great Plenty during the Wintor Seafon, thick, as may be frequently obferved, where is plentifully imbib’d, and for want of Leaves Trees are thus placed The next thing to be obferved is, to place to perfpire it off, mixes with the Sap of the Trees, and thereby diftending the Veffels, the Tree in the Hole in fuch Manner, that deftroys their contraéting Force, which ma- the Roots may be about the fame Depth in ny times kills the Tree, or at leait weakens it the Ground, as they were growing before they the Earthf fo much, as not to be recovered again for were taken up: Then fome Years; as I have feveral ‘Times ob- with a Spade, andfcatter it into the Hole, fo ferved. that it may fall in between every Root, tha But being willing to try the Experiment, there may be no Hollownefs in the Ear in the Monthof Oé¢fober 1723, I made choice (but you fhould by no Means fift or fcreen of two Standard Almond-Trees, of equal the Mould, for Reafons given in the Article Strength and Age; thefe I took upas care- of Firrs) then having fill'd in the Earth, y fully as poffible, and having prepar’d their fhould gently tread it clofe with your Feet ; Roots as before directed, I prun’d their Heads but do not make it a hard, which isavey in the following manner, wiz. Of one of great Fault, efpeciallyif the Ground be ftre them I onlycut off the fmall Branches, and fuch as were bruis’d or broken, but preferv’d or wet. Having thus planted ; the Trees, you fhould all the ftrong ones entire: Of the other I provide a Parcel of S I 1 4 fhortened all the {trong Branches, and prun’d drove down by the Sides of the Tree off the weak and broken Shoots, as is the commonPractice. ‘Thefe two Trees I planted bows down, or difplaced |by th in the fame Soil, and to the fame Situation, then lay fome Mulch upon the Surface of gave them both equal Attendance, and ma- Ground, about their Roots, to prevent the nag’d them both as nearly alike as poffible; Earth from drying. Ss yet, in the Spring, when thefe Trees b i is to be underftood of Standard to it to fhoot, that, whofe Branches, wereentirely preferved, came out early, continued to fhoot ftronger, and is at pref ent much larger, and in — Health than the other. And. fince this, 1 have madefeveral other E xperiments of the like Nature, which have cont antly fucceeded in the {ame Manner; from whence it is reafonableto conclude, that the fhortening of the Branchesis a great Injury toall new-planted Trees, Having thus prepared the Trees for P/ ing, we muft next proceed to the Placing them is no fference in their prefervetheir r Roots about fivec inclining their He befaftened to the difplaced by the W y directed v ent Kinds of Fruit bi As to the Ppt Watering ofall new planted Trees, I fhould advife to be done with great Moderation ; nosthin® being more injurious to them than over-wateringof em ; Ex- amples enough of this Kind may have been feen in St. James's Park, a few Feat paft, where there have been many ‘Trees planted to make the Rows complete, where the old Trees were decay’d; and notwithftanding the great Care in bri ging in a large Quantity of frefh Earth, here each ree was planted, yet but it need not be above eighteen Inchesor vo Feet deep at moft ; for when the Borders are made too deep, the Roots of thefe Trees are enticed downward, which is of bad Confequence to Fruit-Trees, as hath been elfewhere obferved. ‘The fame alfo my be obferved for Standard Trees, (where frefh Earth is brought to the Places in w fee they are plant ed) not to make the Holes too deep, but rather let them have the fame Quantity of Earth in Width, which is much to be prey few of them have taken, and thofe few ferr’d. ; ach are yet alive, have madebut poor ProThere are feveral Perfons who direét the grefs, nor will they ever be thriving Trees; Placing of the fame Side of the Tree to the which is wholly owing to the Abundance of South, which, before removing, had that PoWater given to them, w hereby the Fibres are fition, asa material Circumftance to be ftriGly rottedoff as foon as theyare produced. And regarded; but from feveral Trials which I how can any Perfon imagine, that a Tree have made, I could not obferve the leaft Diffhould thrive, when the Ground in wali it ference in the Growth of thofe Trees which is planted, is continually floated me Nater ? For, by an E rent made by the Reverend Mr. 7 n placing the Roots of a Tree in Water, the Quantity of ure imbibed decr asd very muchdai aufe the Sap-V of the Roots, thofe of the cut-off Boughs in the Experiment, were fo faturated and with Moifture, by ftanding in Wa more ofit could not be drawn up. Experiment was tried upon a ‘Tree w full of Leaves, and thereby more caps difcharge a large Quantity of Moifture, than fuch Trees as are entirely d ute of Leaves ; fo that it is impoffible fuch Trees can thrive wherethe Moifture is too great about their fons for Pla ‘ hich they areplanted are various, acor the For fuch Trees whofe Leaves fall off in Winter, the beft time is the Beginning of O¢fober, provided the Soil be dry ; but for a wet Soil, it is better toavatar: it until the latter End of February, or and for Ever-greens, inning ayApril is, by far, the beft Selon though they maybe{afely remov’dat Midfum mers D vided they are not to be cartied very far; but you fhould always make Choice ofa cloudy, moift Seafon, if pofible, when they will take frefh Root in a few Dz ays. And, onthe contrary, when thefe 'T'rees are Temoved in Winter, during wicks time they are almoft in a State of Reft, 1ey do not take Root until the Spring advances, the Sap in Motion, fo that many t andfets were fo placed, and others which were re- verfed; fo that I conclude it is not of any eure to obferve this Method. The Diftance which Trees fhould be planted at, muft alfo be proportioned to their (teas Kinds, andthe feveral Purpofes for which they are intended all whichis explain’d undertheir feveral Heads ; o Fruit-Trees, pented either againft Walls, or for lowed the following Di of vigorous-fhooting Feet; for <Apricock fixteen Feet; F 54m] arines and Pi fourteen or fixteen I ing to the Goodnefs of the Height of the Wall. But as are mention’d in their feveral will be needlefs to repeat any Place. : Soil, thefe Things Articles, it more in this PLANTING REVERSE: Dr. télls us, That he has made feveral 7 Expe ments on the Branches of F oreign Trees, as well Orange as Laurel, which he perform’d after the Manner following: He firft ftripp’d the Branches of all the Leaves, then he bent and ty’d them, drefs’d them with his noble Mummy, andpi fo that nothi ag them the re v o be feen ofall the Br anches, but the great E nds, and kept them, during the Wiuter, in Stove. He adds, That thofe who have a min d to raile Trees this V ays which he calls Mon/?) it- Trees, may rai pricocks, Pee Be. allo ae die, efpecially if the Winter proves fever As to the Preparing the Soil for Pi bo muft alfo be doneto fuit the d ts of Trees, fome requiring a ligh others a ftrong one, 3ut this is fully down in the fey eral Articles of Trees, under their proper Heads, to which the Readeris efired to turn; though for Fruit-Trees in iri a freth ‘Soil from a Pafture-Ground, Twigs, an s toward the g ether with Bais or y a with Mummy near the Ligature, fitong i pie too light and dry, nor over loamy . exe but rather a gentle, foft, a ne is to be preferr’d, And if it on the Joints, or dip rhem : Then having made a deep Ground, fet the Branches the fo that no x but the long all Trees will be the better if the orders are fill’d with this Earth fix Feet wide, appears above Ground, ed with good, fat, and well-fifted |