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Show Vi Vi the Expence will be but little every Year, whereas when the Whole is manur’d togetherit will add to the Expence, and in many Places there can’t be a fufficient Quantity Summer, when the Vines are in Perfe@ion. there fhould be fix upright Shoots trained for the next Year’s Wood, and three or four procured to manure a large Vineyard in one Bearing-branches, with Fruit on them; more Year. This Digging and Manuring fhould always be perform’d about the Beginning of March, at which timeall the fuperficial or Day-Koors, as they are call’d, muft be cut off, but the larger Roots mutt notbe injur’d by the Spade, &c. therefore the Ground clofe to the Stem of the Vines muft not be dug too deep. After this is done, the Stakes fhould be placed down, one on each Side the Vines, at about fixteen Inches from their Stems, to which the Vine, of thofe trained upright; fo that ; than thefe ought never to be left upon one Vine, tor the Reafons before given. N. B. Vhe- Auvernat, or True Bursund Grape, is valued in France betore any other Sort, becaufe the Fruit does never grow very clofe upon the Bunches, fo that they are more equally ripen’d, for which Reafon it thould alfo be preferr’d in England; though, in general; thofe Sorts are moft efteem’d with us that have always clofe Bunches, which is cer= longeft Bearing-branches fhould be faften’d, tainly wrong; for it may be obferved, that the Grapes upon fuch Bunches are commonly and one Stake clofe to the Stem, to which the ripe on one Side, and green on the other, which two fhorter Branches fhould be trained upright, to furnifh Wood for the fucceeding Year. In the Summerthey muft be carefully look’d is a bad Quality for fuch as are prefs’d to make Wine. I fhall now fubjoin a few Sorts of Vines over, as before, rubbing off all weak, dangling Shoots, andtraining the goodones to the more for the Sake of Variety than the Value Stakes regularly, as they are produced, and 1. Vitis; /ylveftris, Virginiana. Park. Theat. The wild Virginian Grape. thofe of them which have Fruit, fhould be flopp’d in Aéay, about three Joints beyond the Bunches; but the upright Shoots, which are defign’d for Bearing the following Year, muft not be ftopp’d ’till the Beginning of July, when they may be left about five Feet long; for if they are ftopp’d fooner in the Year, it will caufe *em to fhoot out many which are preferv’d in fome curious Gardens, of their Fruit: Thefe are, 2. Viris; vulpina diéfas Virginiana alba. Pluk, Alm. The Fox Grape, vulgé. 3. Vitis; alba dulcis, foliis variegatis. The blotch’d-leav’d Vine. 4. Vitis; alba dulcis, limbis foliorum argen- tatis. The ftrip’d leav’d Vine. BioViiriss quinquefolia, Canaden dens. Tourn, The Virginian Vine or Common which will not only occafion more Trouble to Creeper. difplace ’em, but alfo will be injurious to the Thefirft and fecond Sorts do grow ingreat Eyes or Buds. Plenty in the Woods of America, where, I N. B. All this Summer-Dreffing fhould be have been inform’d, are many other Sorts, perform’d with the Thumb and Finger, and fome of which do produce Fruit verylittle not with Knives, becaufe the Wounds made inferior to moft of our fine Sorts which are dangling Branches from the Sides of the Eyes, by Inftruments in Summer, do not heal fo foon as when ftopp’d by gently nipping the leading Bud, which if done before the Shoot is become woody, it may be effected with great Eafe, being very tender while young. When a Vineyard is thus carefully drefs’d, it will afford as much Pleafure in viewing it as any Plantation of Trees or Shrubs whatever, the Rows being regular, and if the Stakes are exactly placed, and the upright Shoots ftopp’d to an equal Height, there is nothing in Nature which will makea more beautiful Appearance ; and during the Seafon that the Vines are in Flower, they do emit a moft grateful Scent, efpecially in a Morning and Evening, and when the Grapes begin to ripen, there will be a frefh Pleafure arifing in viewing of them. But as the Beauty of Vineyards arifes from the regular Difpofition of the Branches of the Vines, fo great Care fhould be taken in their Management, to train ’em regularly, and to provide every Year for new Wood to bear the fucceeding Year, becaufe the Wood which has produced Fruit, is commonly cut quite away, after the Fruit is gathered; or at leaft 1s fhorten’d down to two Eyes, to force out Shoots for the next Year, where there is not a fufficient Number of Branches upon the Vi VI cultivated in Europe ; notwithftanding which, it is generally thought impoffible to make Wine in America ; but this, I dare fay, mutt proceed from a Want of Skill, rather than any bad Quality in the Soil or Climate: So that inftead of planting Vineyards ontheir loofe, rich Lands (as hath generally been practis’d by the Inhabitants of thofe Countries), if they would plant them upon rifing Ground, where the Bottom was rocky orhard near the Surface, I dare fay they would have very good Succefs ; for the great Fault complain’dof in thofe Countries, is, that the Grapes do gent rally burft before they are fully ripe, wit muit certainly be occafion’d by their having too much Nourifhment; therefore, when they are-planted ona poorer Soil, this will be, m part, remedied, Another Caufe of this may proceed from the Moifture of the Air (occafion’d by the Perfpiration of Trees, ©.) which being imbib’d by the Fruit may breat their Skins. This indeed, can’t be prevented until the Countryis better clear’d of the Tir ber; but however, this fhouldcaution Peoy not to plant Vines in fuch Places where the are great Quantities of Woods, becaufe of this Effect which it hath on the Grapes. But to return, Thefe Thefe two Sorts of Vines are preferved. in the Gardens of thofe who are curious in Botany, but I have not feen either of *em produce Fruit in this Country. Thefe may be propagated by Layers, which will take Root arifes downvery low, otherwife they will make very weak Shoots, and never arrive to any confi- ries. 4. Vitis Ip@A ; pagated as the other Kinds of Grapes, butare tender, and fo muft have a warm Situation, bus the Pointal, fix’d like a Nail, in the upper Part of the Flower, which afterwards becomes a foft umbilicated Fruit, or Berry, full of fuice, in which are enclos'd Seeds, for the moft part fmall, The Species are 5 in one Year, and may be taken off and tranf1. Vitis Ip#a; magna quibufdam, fiv planted in the Spring where they are to remain, The great Bilwhichfhould be againft a warm Wall, becaufe Myrtillis grandis. F. if they are expos’d to much Cold in Winter, berry-bufh. they are often deftroy’d, efpecially while they _ 2. Vitis Ipma 3; _foliis oblongis crenatis, frutiu nigricante. C. B. P. Black Wharts, are young. Their Pruning and Management is the fame Whortle-berries, ov Bilberry. 3. Vitis ID@A 3 fempervirens, frudlu riwith any other Sorts of Grapes, but only they 7. B. Red Whorts or Whortle-berfhould have fewer Shoots, and thofe fhorten’d . H. A. ABthiopian derable Strength, fo will not be capable of folio, floribus albican Whortle-berry with a Leffler Box-leaf and producing Fruit. 7 The two Sorts with ftrip’d Leaves are alfo white Flowers. 5. Vitis Inaas Americana, foliis fubropreferv’d by thofe who are curious in collecting a Variety of Plants. Thefe may be pro- tundis, birfutis, ex adverfo najfcentibus, floriminimis herbaceis, fruftu parvo rubro. American Whortle-berry, with roundith hairy otherwife they will not thrive; nor do the Leaves growing by Pairs, fmall grecnifh Cuttings of thefe take Root fo readily as thofe Flowers, and a {mall red Fruit, valgarly call’d whofe Leaves are plain: But as there is no St. Peter’s-wort. The firft andthird Sorts do growwildin 2orkvery great Beauty in thefe Plants, fo they are fcarcely worth cultivating, unlefs for Va- Soire, Derbyfbire, Wellmoreland, and other Northern Countries of Hxgland, as alfo upon the riety. The fifth Sort was originally brought from Alps, and other lofty Mountains in féveral America, but from its Hardinefs, and being: Parts of Europe; but can’t by Art Be cultieafy to propagate, is become as-common as if vated in Gardens near London, fo as to thrive dens near London, where it endures the Smoak to the Height of three or four Feet, in its native Places of Growth, and produces great it were a Native of this Country. This Plant is chiefly planted in fmall Gar- and produce Fruit. Thefirft commonly grows better than moft other Plants; and being a Quantities of Fruit, which the poor Inhabi- rampant Grower; is plantedagainft high Walls and Buildings, which it will cover fooner than any other Sort of Plant, and in Summer will tants of thofe Countries gather, and fell in the Markets for Tarts, &c¢. The third Sort is a very humble Plant, feldom growing much look green, which is what the Inhabitants of London are greatly pleas’d with. The Branches of this Plant will fometimes fhoot twenty or taller forth Roots from their Joints whereby they faften themfelves to the Building where they are placed, fo that they do not requite much Trouble to fupport them: : - in Gardens, unlefs planted in a ftrong, cold Soil, and a fhady Situation. thirty Feet long in one Summer, and do fend The only Culture they require, is to cut out all the fmall weak Shoots in March, and fhorten the ftrong ones to about ten Feet long, which will ftrengthen them againft the fuc- ceeding Summer, and caufe them to fhoot vigoroufly. , ° ThisPlant may be propagated byCuttings, which fhould be planted in the Spring upona fhady Border, where they will take Root freely, andif water’d in dry Weather, will make a great Progrefs the fucceeding Summer, and the Spring after may be tranfplanted where they are to remain, which may be in almoft any Soil or Situation, for they are very hardy Plants. VITIS IDA: The Bilberry or Whortleberry-bufh. The Charaéiers are 3 The Flower conjifts of one Leaf, ike a Pitcher 3 from whofe sali 03 which is Empalement than the Dwarf Dutch Box (which is us’d for edging of Borders): This produces in its native Places of Growth, large Quanti- ties of red Fruit; but thefe will rarely grow The fecond Sort is very common upon marfhy or boggy Heaths, in divers Parts of England, and will grow to the Height ofthree or four Feet in fuch Places, and produce great Quantities of Fruit, which ripen in aly, and are gathered by the poor People for the fame Ufes as the firft Sort. This is alfo very difficult to cultivate in Gardens: The only Method is, to take up fome Plants in the Spring, from the Places of its Growth, with Balls of Earth to their Roots, and tranfplant them into a moift, fhady Part of the Garden, where, if the Soil be not too rich of warm, theywill thrive tolerably well, provided the Ground is not dug or cleaned, for thefe Plants will grow beft on fuch Places as are never cultivated. This Sort is directed by the College of Phyyficians to be ufed in Medicine. The fourth Sort is a tender Plant which is preferv’d in the Gatdens of thofe who delight in preferving Exotick Plants. This is propagated by Layers, which fhould be lay’d down |