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Show Vi tifera and Vinofa, become more vigorous and {pirituous by the Heat. The Grapes of which the firft are made, No body is ignorant that the Juice of abound in crude Phlegm ; the fulphureous Grapes fermented in the Vat, and made into Parts of the Muft are more dilated. Thelaft Wine, is a Liquor fo precious and delicious, on the contrary, are drawn from Grapes that that it furnifhes us with a medicinal Aliment, are more ripe ; of which the Muft or the {uland analimental Phyfick ; the Virtue of which phureous Parts which compofe it, are concenis perceiv’d both in the Bodyand Spirit. It tred and fix’d by the Evaporationof the humid isnot without Reafonthat it is call’d Lac Se- Parts whichdilate it, To this may be added nile, i.e. Old Mens Milk, &c. and Femes the abundance of the Sulphur of thefe lat, whichis the Caufe ofthe true Strength of thefe Jugenii, the Zinder of Wit; by Homer, &e. “Wine is different in Virtue and Delicacy of Wines ; and it is by being open’d that they Tafte. ‘The Difference proceeds for the moft acquire this Spirituoufhefs. It was only to Part from the different Nature of the Grapes procure this Opening, that the Antients inwith whichit is made ; the different Degree of vented the preparing thefe Wines in the man- fix or feven Days, and then theylay them in Rows in Cafes, or in what we call Efcortins : or Coufins, prefling them gently. their Maturity, and the Diverfity of the Soil ner I am goingto exprefs. Pliny informs us, That in the Year 633, where the Vineyards are planted; and alfo the different Culture of the Vineyards, and the Preparation of the Wine ; to which maybe added, the Difference of the Climates, ac- from the Foundation of Rome, they lodg’d their Tuns full of Wine in Places cover'd which were expos'd to the North, fuch as we now cording to the greater or leffer Degree of call Cellars. Heat. The Romans, as we learn from Pliny, were verycurious in fearching after the moft excellent Wines ; all their Differences confifted in the Places where they were made: Asthe Setinum, the Cacubum, the Falernum, the Gauranum, the Fauftianum, the Albanum, the Surrentinum, the Mafficum, which were the moft delicate Wines of Italy in the Time of Pliny. Among the Wines of Greece, they efteem’d the Maronean, the Tbafian, the Cretan, the Coan, the Chian, the Lesbian, the Icarian, the Sinyraean, &c. Their luxurious Tafte carry’dthem in Search of the Wines of fa, as that of Mount Lidanus, and others, as may On the contrary, thofe Casks which were fill’d with vigorous and {pirituous Wine, fuch as Polypborum, were {et in an open Place, and exposd to the Rain and the Sun, and all the Injuries of the Weather: Thofe which con- tain’d Winesof lefs Strength, were kept under Covert : Thofe which were full of a weak Wine, were put into a hollow Place, and cover'd with Earth. Galen, in his Book de Autidot. Chap. III. and in the Zreatife of Vines, that is afcrib’d to him, remarks very muchto the Purpofe, ‘Thatthe Wines of the firft Order, or Polyphora, were preferv'd two or three Years in thefe cold Places ; but if they let themlie there too long, be feen in Pliny. they grew eager, if they did not remove them It is to be noted, that the Romaus had their moft excellent Wines from Campania, which is nowcall’d Zerre de Labour, a Province of the Kingdom of Naples. Thofe of the other Parts of Italy did not come nearthefe laft in Point of Excellency : The Falernian, the Gau- to warmer Places ; as they us‘d to practife in Afia before the Romans had any Knowledge of it ; and it was by this Means that the People of Afia, as well as the Romans and Greeks, at- tain’d to the Art of making Wines keep{0 long. The moft antient Epocha of the Preparation of thefe Wincs among the Romans, (as Pliny planted onthe Hills round about Mondragon, fays) was about the Year of Rome 633. This at the Foot of which paffes the River Gari- Author, who liv’d a long time after in Vé/pagliano, antiently call’d the Iris. The Cecuban, fiaws Time, affures us, That thefe Wines had which differs nothing from the Fulernian but been kept for the Space of an hundred Years, in Age, (this is that which the Latinscall the and that they grewthick to the Confiftence of Length of Time which the Wines are able to Honey ; fo that theycould not be drank withpreferve their Strength) was produc’d in the out mingling them with Water. Terre de Labour, were as the Fundanum and Healfo adds, Quo gene eft Vinum eo Amyclum near Gaeta, the Sueffanum of Sueffa magis vetuftate craffefcit ; i.e. By how much Pometica, a Maritime Territory of the King- more generous the Wine is, by fo much the dom of Naples ; the Calenum about the Town more it grows thick by Age: The fame that ranian and Maffie were made from Vineyards of the Zerre de Labour ; and alfo manyothers, which that Province furnifhes the City of is feen in our Days in the Spamif Wines. This Thickneis of the Wines, of wh am fpeaking, is lef extraordinary than the Wines of fia, of which Galen {peaks 19 their Nature, acquir’d rather by Age than his Book of Re/piration ; which being inclosd by Art, a Degree of Perfection to which in large Flasks, and fufpended near the Fire none of the other common Wines of Italy can their Chimneys, acquire, by the Evap attainto. of the Humidity, the Hardnefs ofSalt The laft, which the Greeks call Oligopbora, Ariftstle fays of the Wines of Arcac and the Latins Tenuica and Paucifera, are very pos’d to the Fire and the Smoak eafily preferv’d by the Cold, or rather by a furprizing : Ita exficcatur int Alto bibatur 5 i.e. So dry’d in the vreiAit, and grow eager by Heat. hoi which the Greeks call Polyphora, or Mul- is icrap’d off to be drank: It was fo Rome with. Thefe Wines, which are very excellent in Vi Vi Vi they were fore’d to ferape the Flasks to drink it through a Strainer; and this they call’d it, and could not drink it without diluting it Saccatio with Water. "The Romans prepar’d their Wines after the following Manner: They took the Muft that Vinorum, as Martial fays, Turbida follicito tranfmittere Cacuba Sacco. they put them into a wooden Vat, of which It is true, they had other Wines of the fame Nature, which they did not pafs through a the Staves had been bound together by Hoops Strainer; as the Mafficum, which they only had run from the Grapes that had beentrod ; expos'd during a Night to the Air, t» procure or flexible Bands After the Wine had been fermented all the a Fluidity and Depuration; as Horace fays, time neceflaryfor feparating the grofleft Impu- Lib. ii, Sat. 4. rities, they drewit out of the Vat, to put it Maffica fi ceelo fupponas vina fereno into the Casks; where it continu’d to terment, Noéturnd, fi quid craffi ef tenuabitur aurd, and to aflift the Depuration, they mingled as Et decedet odor nervis inimicus: atilla much Plaifter, or Chalk, or Clay, or Powder Integrum perdunt lino vitiata faporem. of Marble, or of Pitch, or ofSalt, or of Rofin, or of Lee of new Wine, or of Sea-water, or This luke-warm Wine had been very difof Myrrh, or of Aromatick Herbs, as they agreeable to drink, if they had not cool’dit judged neceffary ; every Country having its with Ice or Snow, whether in mingling it with particular Mixture. And this is what the the Wine, or fetting the Bottles in Ice: The Latins call Conditura Vinorum. moft Luxurious mingled the Snow with the They left the Wine in the Casks until the Wine, and paffed it thro’ filver Strainer, which Spring following ; alfo many left them till Paulus the Furifconful calls Colum Vinarum. the fecond or third Year, according to the Nature of the Wine and the Country; afterOfthe Method of Plantin Vineyards in wards they drewit out, to put it into Earthen Orleans. Veffels which they did over on the Infide with melted Pitch, and mark’d on the Outfide Ofthe Diftan and to the Paths wh is phe i the Name ofthe Place from whence the Wine The different Kinds of Plants. Of planting was made; and that of the Roman Confuls, in whofe Confulate it was made. The Latins between, and of plucking up old Vines, and cal’d this changing of the Wine from Casks planting again. to Earthen Veltlels, diffufio Vinorum, or Vina The Rows ought not to be open’dtill after defundere. They had two different Sorts of Veffels ; the Ground that is defign’d to be planted has the one the Amphora, and the other the Cadus, been mark’d out; to the end, that a Length Pancirollus and others fay, ‘The Amphora was and Breadthproportionable and uniform may of a {quare or cubic Figure; as to the Con- be givento all the Ridges and Paths, as much tents, Authors are not agreed, but moft fup- as the Groundtobe planted will permit, And pos’d theyheld about eighty Pounds of Liquor. forafmuchas the Vine receives its Nourifhment This Veffel was contracted at the Neck. After in the Ridge, it will be proper to give it fome it was fill’d wich Wine, they ftopp’d the Mouth Inches in Breadth more than to the Paths The moft common Pra@tice is toallowfive clofe with Cork. ‘The Cade wasofthe Figure of a Pine-Apple, which is fuppos’d to contain Feet in Breadthfor the Ridge and for the Path half as much more as the Amphora, ‘Thefe when red Wines are planted, efpecially the Veffels being ftopp’d, were carried into a Auvernats, whofe Branches ought always to be Room expos’d to the South, fituated in the train’d-in pretty long. This is the beft Method And the Plants ought higheft Story of the Country-houfe where the for this Sort of Vir Wine had been prepar’d. This Place wascall’d to be planted two Feet three Inches diftant one Apotbeca. from another. Some do not exactly obferve It was to diffipate the fuperfluous Humidity this Diftance, theyallow but four Feet and an of the Wine, that they expos’d thefe Veffels half for a Ridge andfor a Path. There are alfo fome that allow but a Foot to the Heat of the Sun, and of that of the Fire and of the Smoak, which has given to and anhalf Diftance between each Plant, when this Place the Name of Fumarium, becaufe of the Ridge and the Path have no more Breadth the Smoak which was gather’d by the Funnel, than that which I am about to mention ;_ but through which the Smoak of the Fire was car- the Vines of thefe Plants plantedfo clofe tocircutied off, whenit was lighted below. gether, ought, of Neceffity, to be Years, Thefe Wines could be kept for two hundred larly ; and as their Roots will, ina Years, and would, as has been faid, arrive at runone into another, the Vives will not! ft fo the Confiftence of Honey; during which, 4dbuc long; befides, they will require to be alittle Vina ducentis fere annis jamin [peciem redatta oftener and more plentifully dung’d than thofe s afperi, etenim bec natura Vini in vetu- that have been plantedat a greater Diftance. sarce any but Vignerous which There a frate eft, {ays Pliny, Lib. xiv. cap. 4. So that it is troublefome to drink this Wine becaufe allow fo litle Breadth to their Ridges and of its Thicknefs; and in order to render it their Paths, and who plant their Vines to near drinkable, theydiluted it with warm Water, to one to the other, becaufe they are often rene Sive it a Fluidity, and afterwards they paffed ing their Vives, from whence they have always 9g A young |