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Show AN “AN. nner of judging when they are mathey emit like is, by the ftrong Gr ture, fone Smell at that of ripe Fruits, and by gently Te He ° Of Sruit wi 7 Thu eertyeWray, Deeaane is :a) if they give Way, itits and Finger ; and ef of the Plant, dry Soil, 4 and for the Oddnefs ee inae a good Garden, altho’ it a Place itSe se maymer is of no great Beauty. Y, [Aretwle ANATOM A Diliectio fea.) “Aretian Gp certain Sign of Ripenefs: Nor will this Fruit keep above three or four Days at moft, if fuf- to diffect.] J : Jilection. Anatomyof Plants is a cutting, dividing or Flavour will be loft’; and if cut, it fhould not orderto difcover the Size, Form, Structure, fer'd to remain on the Plant, before its high {eparating the Parts or Members of Plants, in be kept above twenty fours at moft, if you would eat it in Perfection ; but ifyouwould and Ufes oftheir feveral Veffels, for the bet ter promoting their Culture. keep them back alittle Time, you fhould do Anatomifts have obierveda great Similitude it before they are quite ripe, orfoon afterthey begin to change the Colour ; which may be effected byallowing them a greater Share of Air in the Day time, and by fcreening the Glaffes with Mats in the Heat ofthe Day. This Fruit fhould be ferv’d up to Table intire, Cwithout breaking off the Crown, as is by fome praétis’d) which greatly {poils the high Flavour of the Fruit, by letting out a Part of its Juice, and by opening the Fruit to imbibe the moift Particles floating in the Air of the Place where it is kept, which greatly betwixt the mechanick Frame of Plants and Animals: The Parts of Plants {eeming to bear 4 conftant Analogy to thofe of Animals ; and the Oeconomy, both Vegetable and Animal, feem to be form’d on the fame Model. The Parts of aPlant are the Root, the Wood, the Bark, andthe Pith. 1. The Roots of the Plants are fpongeous Bodies, whote Parts are difpofed for the eafy found in a frefh kindly Fruit of this Sort. When the Fruit is to be eat, you ma take the Stalk thereof in one Hand, and the Crownof the Fruit in the other, and by gently twifting it, they will readily part, and the Crownwill come out more entire, and fit for planting thanif cut off, and the Fruit will be lefginjur’d: Then you may cut it into tran{verfe Slices, in Proportion to the Company that is to eat of it, laying them fingly on a Plate ; the outfide Coat muftbe par’d off, as in manyother Fruits, which would be trouble- Admittance of certain humid Particles which are prepared in the Ground. ‘The Quality of the Root is found much to depend uponthe Size of its Veffels and Pores, Monfieur Reneaume fuppofes the Root of a Plant to do the Office of all the Parts in the Abdomen of Animals, whichferve to Nutrition, as the Stomach, Inteftines, €c Doctor Boerhaave confiders the Roots of Plants tobe compos’d of a number of abforbent Veffels, which are analogous to the Latteals in Animals. The Root, according to Dodtor Van Royen, is that Part of the Plant by which the Nutri™ent 15 taken in, or that by which the will cut almoft as firm as a fin'd it: But ‘tis not all that Parc, w hich is flattens that delicate Poignancy whichis always fome ineating ; the Infide of a good Fruit Neéarine, and is of a moft delicious Flavour, and very Alimentis attracted, as Lheophraft s has decommitted to the arth, to be nourifhed by full of Juice, and is juftly term’d the King of the Matter that is about it, which is properly Fruits. to be call'd the Trunk of the Root ; this isto ANAPODOPHYLLON;; [of 4ia, Lat, a Duck, a%¢a Foot; and wa, Gr.a Leaf] be referr’d rather to the Stalk or Stem, than to the Root, in that it confifts of the fame implicated Kinds of Veffels ; but thar Part Duck’s foot, or Pomum Maiale, i. e. May- that isbyits Surface contiguous to the exterior apple. The Charaéfers are ; “Matrix, which being perforated with infinite littleMouths, promotesthe receiy’d Moiftures, that they may be afterwards carry’d,by Veflels he Cup of the Flower confifts of one Leaf : not unlike to the lacteal ones, into the very The Flowers are hexapetalous : The Foot-ftalk of Body of the Plant; this is properly to be the Flower comes out from the Stalk of the Leaf: called the Root. Which Definition, although it may feem The Fruit is in Shape of an Urn, in which is too ftrict, isthe moft general and applicable contained many roundifb fimbriated Seeds. to all Plants ; for it agrees as well with them This Plant was brought from America, and is by fome of the Inhabitants call’d, Black ere hae as the vulgar Denia ee Snake-Root, and byothers, the May Apple ; a fetegs eee Set nee few Apple. We have but one Species of this Plant in England, that | know of, whichis on a of them is found to be eee poe Sides with WELY, {mall Holes, by ie they take in their Nutriment, as in the Pomo I fuppofe, becaufe in that Monththe Fruit of Piants <b ei is Rae ey OU Ny A this Plant is nearly ripe, and is of an Oval Reta ae fi, oe latter a great ne he Shape, in fome meafure refembling a fmall s aioe that want a manifeft Boe Anapopopuytton , Tourn. Canadenfe Morini, ‘The Canada Buck’s-foot of Morin, This Plant is very hardy, enduring our tharpeft Wintersin the open Ground; itisincreas’d by parting the Roots in Auguft, after the green Leaves decay: It loves a moderate Aurantio, calld Nepthuni, or Pila Marina by Fifhermen, and fo in thefe the whole Super- _ficies ferves for Roots ; as is plainly feen in fome ftony Plants that grow underthe Sea, and may bein fome Sort prov’d to be deduc’d from the Analogy of Animals ; for thefe being become AN become fui generis, do take in Aliment, not only by the Mouth, but alfo the whole Skin ous the moift Air, feems to ferve tothe ame Defign. But thofe Plants that are endu’d witha con{picuous Root, and more obvious to the Senfes, differ among themfelves very much in this Part ; for fome are bulbofe, fome are {quamofe or tuberofe, others grumofe, others is beft {een in the greater Celandine, while we thruft out that golden colour’d Liquor with which it is filled 3 and the Mikidle Spaces Be: twixt thefe Zones have like icles, C all the Fibres content holon Cele oe the Utricles have Receptacles communicating among themfelves. = 3. Aerial Veffels, or Trachee are open from the lower to the upper Part Pie is will be fufficient to have taken Notice of the primary Differences of Roots, I fhall omit mirable manner, and difpofed round abou with Fibres and Utricles in Form almoft of a fibrofe, and _laftly, others nodofe; which as their particular Definition in this Place, but refer them to their feveral Heads, where each of them fhall be particularly defcribed. The firft Part of the Root, whichis call’d the Epidermis or Cuticle, is, for the moft Part, of a brown or dusky Colour,is very thin, and is eafily peel’d off from the under Skin, Cif it be firft foak’d in warm Water) which being view'd by a Microfcope, fhews its moft tender Structure much like a Net, pierc’d through with many{mall Holes. Plant, and are twifted or curled after an ad- Spiral Line, which in their Caviies contain on Elaftick Air; which being affeéted by the external Air, firft expanded and oleeps condens’d, will be chane’d after a like manner and feel the fame Vj itudes of Cold and Heat, and fo will undergo a reciprocal Motion of Cold and Heat. This Aetion And thefe little Ori- mov’d forward. ¢ o ays nay, 7 ; a ee ares Dae dilated, and and I ure, refemble Veficles, which being exhaufted yearly by the Mutation of the Air, become confolidated and perith ; to wit, thisbeing driven out by anew Cuticle growing underit, after the fame man- ner as iquammigerous Animals, do annually cait the old Epidermis, a new Cuticle coming under it, fo that thefe little Veffels, Fibrils, or by what Name {o ever theyare call’d, may not unfitly be compar’d to the Veins of Animals. But the other Part, which on the Outfide conftitutes the Cortex or outer Bark: andon the Infide the Liver or inner Bark, is call’d Cutis ; in which there are Parts to be confider’d of a four-fold Kind: 1 Certain {trong Fibres, cohering and elaftick, {tretched out vertically with the lateral Fibres communicating among themfelves, and compacting [or thrufting in] the former, they form a hollow Cylinder or Zone under the Epidermis ; and this hath another under it, which alfo includes a third, and fo of the reft to the moft inward of all, which luxuriates near the Wood, and is by a peculiar Name call’d Liber, or Inward Bark. And thefe Zones or Girdles, although they are moft innumerable, mayall be peel’d off as the Lamelie or Bulbs; and inafmuch as thofe Fibres in the harder Roots of ‘Trees are almoft of a bony Nature, they procure a Firmnefs to the Cortex or outward Bark: And thefe Fibres are in all Plants, and appear as well in Grafs as in the Cedar-tree, although eeencd in the Veffelsfill’d with Moifture, which when they cannot be condens’d give Place and are driven to thofé that arehigher, and ‘are ey athe 4 4. Lattly, befides Fibres, Utricles, and Zrachee, a peculiar kind of Veffels appears. containing the Moiftures, as it feems ‘eereted by the organical Difpofition of the Plant it elf, which water {or moiften] not only the Cortew but the W ood, and the reft of the Parts of Vegetables, and are turgid with a concoéted Juice, which feems fir more elaborate than is the Moifture contain’d in, the Fibres or Utricles; and the Mouths ofthefe Veffels being ofa different Fioure. pourforth fometimes a various Liquor “according to its peculiar Nature, chiefly near the outward Region of the Cortex: So the Zith alae ne Cichory do commonly diftil a milky is amour and the Cyprefs, Firr and Pine, a certain; Species of ‘J urpentine : And by how much thefe Circles are more outwards, by fo much the middle Spaces between the two Zones are greater, andfo are _leffen’d always towards the more inward a a certain Proportion, which feems to dey end a this; viz. the outward Air acting on all Sid with an equal Preffare, and {0 b , a poe tain Power, preffes the firft or cea rhe which by the fame Powerpreffes the fecond ; and this alfo by this Means is prefs'd b 16 owncondens’d Air, and preffes together thofe which are more inward becaufe it cannot exert its Force upon the external Air: Therefore the fecond Circle is neceffarily “more com-~ prefs’d than the firft: and again, the third more than the fecond. and fo of the reft : And the Utricles plac’d between the Circles are prefs’d by the fame Proportion, which by they ar€ more compact in Trees than in Plants degrees are more and more exhaufted; thence Area, or intercepted Spaces that are of a dif- the Cortex [or outward Bark] and of a tenderer Structure, which are more the inner Circle lofes moft of all the comprefs'd cafily fuftain’d. , and condenfated Utricles, and by degrees grows z. In the Areas [or Spaces] which are be- folid. hi tween the Fibres and their Anaftomofes, there And this is properly call’d Liber [the are every where membranaceous Veffels full inward Bark] and is that Circle, which being of Moifture, or little Utricles, which in the middlemoft by Place, and by Nature between the Wood ferent Figure, are found to be various and comes neareft to the Nature of the Wood, accommodatedto all the Spaces: But all thefe and in time paffes into it: For the Cortex lofes Utricles communicate among themfelves, as every Year one fuch Circle, and becomes Wood, |