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Show CA CARROTS ; vide Daucus. 4. CaRPInus ; niana, florefcens Pluk. inian flowering Hornbeam. The firft of thefe Trees is often cultivated in the Nurferies to make Hedges for Wildernefles and Orangeries ; but oflate it hath CARTHAMUS;; [fo call’d of xeoSatecr, Gr, to purge, becaufe the Seeds ofit are Purging.) not been fo much ufed for that Purpofe, the Baftard Saffron. The Chavraéters are; the Winter, as do thofe of the Oak, ren- This Plant agrees with the Thiftle, in moft of its Charaékers: but the Seeds of this are always decay’d Leaves of the Tree continuing onall : dering them very unfightly in a Pleafure- deftitute of Down. Garden, which, together with the perpetual Litter their Leaves make, have almoft brought them into Difafe for this Work, unlefs in large Wildernefles, where the Hedges are train’d up to a great Height, for which Purpofe there is no Tree more ufeful, it being a very tonfile Plant, and may be kept thick from the Bottom to the Height of eighteen or twenty Feet, and will refift the Violence of ftrong Winds the beft of any of the deciduous Trees, and is of fpeedy Growth. to Timber of this Tree is very ble, and is of excellent Ufe rners, as alfo for making Mill- the cogs, Heads ofBeetles, Gc. and is very good Fire-wood, This Tree may be rais’d from the Seeds, whichfhould be fownearly in the Autumain a fhady Situation, where they will remain in the Ground until Spring, and often till the fecond Year before they appear; for which Realon it is genera ted by Layers, ch is the molt ditious Method: e Layers fhould be laid in Autumn, and will have tal {ufficient Root to be tranf- planted the following; ‘Time they Nurfery fhould for be at which tranfplanted into a 0 or three Years, where, if *d for Hedes, their under 10t be taken off, but the Trees “CarTHAMUS; Tourn: fficinarum flore croceo; Baftard Saffron, or Saf-flower. This Plant is very much cultivated in many Parts of Germany for the Dyers Ufe, and is brought into England from thence ; it is there fown in the open Fields in the Spring ofthe Year; and when come up, they hoe it out thin, as we do Turnips, leaving the Plants, about eight or ten Inches diftant every Way: Thefe Plants, as they grow, divide into 2 great manyBranches, each producinga Flower at the Top of the Shoot, which, whensfully blown, they cut or pull off, and dry it, hich is the Part the Dyers make ufe of: And this is fometimes mix'd with Saffron; to which (if it be rightly dsy’d, and artfully mix’d) itis fo alike, as not to be diftinguifhed but by good Judges. This Plant was formerly cultivated in EngJand, particularly in Gloucefter/bire, where, they fay, it did very well: Tho’ I am {atisfy’d it muft be a very good Seafonifit ripens Seeds well in England; for the Flower~Heads are fo clofe and compa, that if, in the Seafon of the Sced’s Formation, there happens to be wet Weather, this enters the Bioffoms of the Florets, and is feldom dry’d away before the tender Seeds are deftroy’d; and altho’ the Seeds fhall many times appearvery fair and good to outward Appearance, yet, uponbreakthat Purpofe. Thefe Trees ing them, they are hollow, and deftitute of ke Hedges round the Kernels. This Seed is fometimes ufed in Mees and Shrubs, their dicine; therefore fuch People as purchafe it Spring before theyfall forthat Purpofe, fhould be careful that they be fF the cold Winds from found. The Florets of this Plant (which are 1at Leaves do fall away the Parts the Dyers ufe) have been fometimes uld be fuffer’d to remain upof the Ground until Spring, ep the Froft from penetrating the Ground as it would were This Tree will grow uponcold barren exposd Hills, and in fuch Situations that few other T ill, fo that it maybe cultivated ge in fuch Places, Hop-Ho am fheds its Leaves in with the Elm, and other deciduous l This Tree, though but lately known is very common in Germany, put into Puddings, tocolour them; and at the Time whenit was cultivated in England, the poorer Sort of People in the Country. us‘d to gather it for that Purpofe, until they put in fuch Quantities into their Puddir gs, that it purCARUI,[fo call’d of Kae, Gr. the Head, as tho’ good for the Head: but others derive the Name from Curia, where the Antients found this Plant.] Caraway. The Charatters are; ft hath winged Leaves, 2 Segments, and are placed oppo ouicr, and maybeincreas’ by Layers. 4. Carui 3 Alpinum. C. B. Alpine Caraway. , The firft of thefe Sorts is fometimes found 8. Carropuyiiata; Virginiana, albo fore minove, radice inodora. H. L. Virginian Avens wild in England, in rich moift Paftures, efpe- CARYOPHYLLATA; [fo call’d, becaufe the Root being taken out of the Ground and pounded, early in the Spring, breathes out the fragrant Scent ofthe Clove-gilliflower. It is by the Italians cal?d Herba Benedifta, i. e. Bl. fi d Herb, on account of its manifold Virtues: Alfo it has this Name from its Root, becaufe they are very dear. We read nothing of this Name among the Antients ; but the Moderns have focall’d it. Boerhaave fays, He does not know whether this Plant s known to the Antients. eds are long, flender, Jmooth, and furrowd. po wow tom The Species are; - Canut: Cafalp. The common Caraway: Cravr; € femine majore. Vaill. The ded Caraway. ARUI; folits tenuiffimis ; Afphodeli va- dice. Tour, The Narrowelt-leav'd Caraway> with Afphodel Roots. 4 It is aifo call’d Sana Mundi, as tho’ it could heal or cleanfe the whole Wrold. ] Avens, ov Herb-Ben- vacker It hath penna aged) Leaves, fome— like thofe 1070 The Cup of the of one Leaf, which is cut into ten : The Flower confifts of five Leaves, open in Form of a Role: The e form'd into a globular Figure, each bh hath a Tail to it: The Roots are ial, and fmell | ec 5 x. Caryornyiiara 3 vulgaris. C. B. Common Avens. 2. CaRYoruyLiara; montana; flore luteo igno. F. B. Mountain Avens with large yellow 3 Flowers. RYOPHYLATA; Ger. Emac. Flowers. nutante. bifid, aud fhap’d like Carel; with {mall white Flowers, whofe Roots have no Scent. The firft, third, fourth, fifth, fixth, and cially in Holland in Lincolufhire. The other Sorts have been fent from Abroad, and ate feventh Sorts are found growing wild in cing land, Scotland, and Ireland : but the fecond Sort only cultivated in curious Gardens ofPlants. Thefe Sorts maybe all cultivated by fow- was brought from the _i/ps, and the eighth ing their Seeds in the Spring of the Year ina from Virginia: Thefe Sorts may be all cultivamoift rich Soil; and when the Plants are ted in a Garden, bytranfplanting their Roots come up; they fhould be hoe’d out to about from the Places of their Growth, into a moift fix Inches {quare, which will greatlyftrength= fhady part of the Garden, where they will en them, and promote their feeding plenti- thrive exceedingly ; whichis the beft Method fully: In the Autumntheir Seeds will ripen, to procure them, for their Seeds commonly at which Time the Plant fhould be cut up, remain two Years in the Ground before they and laid upon Mats to dry; and then it may appear. The firft Sort (which is that com— be beaten out and dry’d, when it may be put monly ufed in Medicine) is fo common in up for Ufe. Thefe Seeds are ufed in Medi- England, that it hardly deferves a Place ina cine, as alfo in the Confectionary, for making Garden ; but the fecond, third, fourth, and Seed—Cakes, (ce. The firft Sort only is what’s fixth Sorts are worthy a Place in fome moift ufed ; tho’ the Seeds of the fecond feem to fhady Border where few other Things will be full as good, and are much larger and grow ; and ferve to add to the Variety, efpefairer thanthe firft. The other Sorts are only cially fince they require no Care or Trouble kept in Colle&ions of Plants, to increafe in their Culture, but only every Michaelmas their Numbers. to divide and tranfplant their Roots, montana; purpurea. Mountain Avens with purple 4 Carvornyztrata; montana; fore ng 00 Foot-talk : in a Pleafure-Garden, _ and thereby dothnot make tter in the S; ing as the other, ull as well. 2 flowering Hornbeam is fti}] ran the lafl, and only to be feen rdens; it is equally as hardy as CA ged them, whichoccafion’d their leaving it of. oufly with the common preferable to the co its quitting its Leaves, CA C. B. Luteo Mountain Avans with yellow Flowers. ’ Lata; Alpina, Chamedryos Mountain Avens with Ger- CARYOPHYLLUS ; [fo call’d, from their having the Scent ofC/oves. ] Clove-giiliflowers or Carnations. The Chavaélers are; Ut hath an intire oblong, cylindrical, fmooth Cup, which is ine d at the Top: The Petals of the Flower are narrow at Bottom, and broad at the Top, and are for the moft part lacinated (or cut) about the Ec ges : Seed—veffel is of a cylindrical Figure, containing many flat rough Seeds. This Genus may be divided into three Clafles, for the better explaining them to Perfons unacquainted with Botazy; which alfo will be as neceffary for the right Underftanding their Culture. 1. Caryopnyiius; hortenfs. The Clove gilliflower, or Carnation. 2. Caryopuyiivs, or Pinks. 3. Carvoruytius; Williams. tenuifolins Barbaiw, plumarinsy or Sweet I fhall treat of thefe three Claffes fingly, that I maythe better explain their feveral Methods of Culture, And firft, I fhall begin with the Carzation or Clove-gilliflower ; thefe the Florifts diftinguith again into four Claffes. The firft they call Flakes ; thefe are of two Colours only, and their Stripes are large, go~ ing quite throughthe Leaves. The fecond are call’d Bizarrs; thefe have Flowers, ftrip’d or variegated with three or four different Colours. The thirdare call’d Piguette’s ; thefe Flowers haye always a white Ground, andare {potted (or pounced, as theycall it) with {carlet, red, purple, or otlter Colours. The fourth are call’d Painted Ladies; thefe have their Petals of a red or purple Colour on avis, majore flove. s with large Flowers the upper-fide, and are white underneath. Of each of thefe Claffes there are numerous Varieties ; but chiefly of the Piquetre’s, which oflate Years have been in greater Efteem than and |
