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Show LE was directed for Liquid, founded on this Principle, that Water Ground muft be brought to; that is, fo that then their Roots canker and decay5 5 they feldom abide the Winter in fuch Soils » obferving never to plant themin a rich Soil, which will caufe them to grow very faft during the Summer-feafon; always naturally placesit felf /evel. The moft fimple Inftrument for this Ufe, the Hill, and filling up the Low S of the Mid-Line. But i and will produce ‘ but they feldom endure the Winter in fuch rank, and which they ate apt to grow very but in a frefh Soil theywill ftand our ordinary Winters extremely well, large fair Flowers. The Common Single Wall as r is very feldom cultivated in Gardens, but is often found growing upon old W alls and Buildings in divers Parts of England: ‘This is the Sort Soils. The Double-flower’d Plants ofthis Kind may fo be propagated by Slips, in the fame manner as the before-mention’d which is direéted in the College Di/penfatory Sorts; but thefe fhould be fhelter’d in Winter, as was directed for the White Wall-flower, otherwife they are fubjeé to be kill’d by very But the Double of this for medicinal Ufes. Kind is very common in moft of the Engli/ Gardens, which is pro gated by planting Slips or Cuttings in any of the Spring Months, obferving to water and fhade them until they have taken Root; after which, they may be remov’dto the Places where theyare fharp Frofts. be often chang’d, or elfe they will greatly degenerate. The old Double Bloody Wall-ft was formerly more com i nd than at prefent, it being to be feen: This is a Variety of the Common Double The Siraw-colour’d Wall-flower with Double formerly more commonin the \ Flowers ens than at prefent: This is a ch finer Sort for Shew than the Common, the Plants generally growing more upright 5 and the Spikes of Flowers are much larger, and g much clofer together than thofe : but the Flowers have verylittle Scent ; which, I fuppofe, has occafion’d its being lefs cultivated than it was formerly ; tho’ indeed, for Shew, it is inferior to none of the Sorts Wall-flower, The White W< fowing the Seeds in before dir and if the 4, is propagated by in the manner for the Stock-FulyS$ Seeds are good, therewill be many Double Flowers produc’d amongft them, which may be contnu’d, by planting the Slips in the fame manneras has been directed for the Common WallBut the Double of this Kind being yat tenderer than the other Sorts of Wall-flov fhould be planted into Pots fill’d with light frefh Earth, and in the Winter-feafon fhould be plac’d under a Hot-bed Frame, where they may be fhelter’d fromfevere Frofts; but in mild Weather they fhould have as muchfree open Air as poflible; in which Management theywill endure two or three Years, and produce fair Flowers. ~ The large Flowering 7 flower is alfo propagate 5 eds in the fame manneras the Stock; for tho’ it will grow fromSlips, y eldom make fogoodPlants as thofe produc’d from Seeds, nor will t flowerfo ftrong. This Sort rarely produces many Double Flowers, but yet is well worth propagating, for the Largenefs and Sweetnefs of its Flowers; and if theyare planted in a very poor drySoil, will continue two or three Years, and > the Cold extremely well. The R |-flower from which it only differs in having the Outfide of the Petals of a Bloody Colour: It may be propagated bySlips, as the Common Sort ; but requires to be fhelter’d from extreme Cold in the Winter, whichoften of Wall-flowers: This is alfo propagated by Slips, as the Common Sort. The Seeds of this Kind thould is at prefent in the greateft Efteem with the curious Florifts, the Flowers of this Kind beingfull as large as the Jaft-mention’d Sort, andare ofafine Reddifh or Iron Colour on the Ourfide, as alfo of ‘an extraordinary Sweetnef ; andthis is more apt to produce Double Flowers than the former: It is propagated by Seeds, which fhould be fown deftroys thefe Plants if they are too much expos’dto it. é , The Yellow-ftrip’d Wall-flower is alfo a Variety of the Common Double Sort, having its Leaves beautifully variegat and Winter-feafon ; but in the f Growth, the Plants are fi nerate to be Seafon there is j is made of a long wooden Trough or Canal whofe Sides are parallel to its Bafe ; fo that I be very uneven, then you muft meafure fill’d to the two Ends ofa Pipe three or four Feet long, about an Inch in diameter; by all the Stakes, and take them middle hi their Mean-Level, and, by the Rule of proportion your Ground tothat. As for Inftance: If a Valley be ten Poles in length, and two Feet in depth from the ftrait Line, and there be a Hill, five Poles means whereof, the Water communicates from long; How many Feet deep muft a Perfon being equally fill’d with Water, the Surface thereoffhews the Line of Level. This Level is alfo made with two Cups the one tothe other Cup; andthis Pipe being moveable on its Stand, by means of a Ball and Socket, when the two Cups become equally full of Water, the two Surfaces mark the Line of Level. Inftead of Cups, this Inftrument may be fink thofe five Poles to fill up the Valley? This Queftion may be refolv’d by the Inverfe or Back Rule of Three, and will ftand thus; As 5 isto 2, fois 10 to 4. Jee 2 made with two fhort Cylinders of Glafs three or four Inches-long, faften’d to each End of the Pipe with Wax or Maftick ; then the Pipe 5) 20(4 being fill’d either with common or colour’d So that a Perfon muft go four Feet deep in Water, will thewit felf throughthe Cylinder, fuch a Hill to make goodfuch a Valley. If you are to abutt the Topof a Hill four Feet deep, and two s from the Top of that Hill, thofe four Feet are to come out. by means of which the Line of Level is determin’d ; the Height of the Water, with refpect to the Centre of the Earth, being always the fame in both Cylinders, This Level is very commodious in Levelling {mall Diftances. If you would level any Piece of Ground that you can fee from Side to Side, or from the Middle to any Side, fet up your Inftru- This is alfo propagated by ment in the Middle of it, whether it be a sround Level with Sights : Sort; but fhould be plan tion, otherwife it will often fuffer Colds in Winter. The Silver-ftrip’d Wall-flower is much more beautiful than the laft, and generally retains its beautiful Variegation through the whole Year: This is propagated by lips, as the higheft Part of the Ground half a Foot, or a pot ; then fet up a Stake in the Middle, fo ; ay be exactly level with the other Stake on the higheft Side, which muft be level with the Then either turn the Level Place it fo high, that you may fee over the To performthis, fet up a S on the Top of a Hill two or three Feet < e-eround, and another of the fame He ere the Depth comes out; fet down a three Rods from that, till the Head comes to hein a Line with thefe two, and at that St: you muft be one Foot deep. At fix Poles, ftake down another, as before, and there you mutt be two Feet deep: Then ftake down another at nine Poles, and there you muft be three Feet deep; and you mayfet more Stakes at equal Diftances, which will direct you fo as that you cannot go amifs. LEVITY, is the Privation or Want of former; but fhould be fhelter’d in Winter, Weight in any Body, when compar’d with being much tenderer than the laft ; for wi! Reafon, the Plants fhould be fet into Pots, another that is heavier, in which Senfe it is oppos’d to Gravity. The School-men maintain, that there is fuch a thing as Pofitive and Abfolute Levity, and impute this to Rife and Emergency of Bodies lighter in Specie than the Fluids wherein they treated as the Double White MWVall-jow but you fhould obferve, never to plant the! in a rich Soil, which will caufe them to > come plain, (as I have often obferv’d ) Det fhould they have too much Moifture, wa! very often deftroys *em. All the Sorts of Wall-flowers Cold muchbetter if plante andftony Soil, than when tl DY eae Earth, as may be obferv’d by thole wi grow upon the Tops of Walls, and ot Buildings, where fometimes they are | much expos’d to the cold Winds, aae ee e often endure the fharpeft Winters; when E whichwere planted in a good Soil have deftroy’d, notwithftanding they have 4 W*"" Situation ument sich LEVEL, a Mathematical Inftr ing to draw a Line parallel to the Oe not only for various Ufes in Dal ent but alfo to meafure the Difference of and Defcent between feveral Places, ior Conveying of Water, Draining of F a ont® A Water Level thews the horiz by means of a Surface of Water, keeping your Level true to th ake, turn it ’till it makes Right es with the three Stakes, and fet up two s on each Side one vel with thofe three : fo that then you will have five Stakes in two Lines fet true L If the Ground be Jarge, you may fet up two Rows more by the Level; but Stakes are enough in a fmall Ground. ric. But befides that the common Senfe of Mankinddifcovers, that Levity is only a relative Term ; we find that all Bodies tend rowards the Earth, fomeflower, and fome fatter, in all Fluids or Mediums, whether Water, When this is done, you maylay your Level Air, &c. afide, and look over the Head ofone to the ThusCorkis faid to be lighter than Gold, Head of another, and caufe the Perfon who becaufe under equal Dimenfions of Bulk the aflifts you to put down Stakes between two Gold will fink in, and the Cork fwim upon the and two, ’till you have fet as many Stakes Water. Level in the Ground as you think conveArchimedes has demontftrated, that a folid hient; or you may ufe a Rule, which being Body will float any wh ina Fluid ofthe ne & plac’d level with the He d of the Stake, you fame fpecifick Gravity, and that a lighter m look over that to the Headof the other, Body will keep abovea heavier. 1 put Stakes down between you and the The Reafon of this is, becaufe Bodies fall« other Stake to what Number you pleafe. ing towards the Earth, thofe which have a The Ground being thus ftaked out, with like Number of equal Parts, have equal Graall the Stakes Heads level, and half a Foot vity; fince the Gravity of the Whole is the higher on the higheft Ground, in fome Sum ofthe Gravityofal} its Parts. sthe middle Stake and the Stakes in Now two Bodies have an equal Numberof s-Line will be the Level-Line the equal Parts, if under the fame Dimenfions there |
