OCR Text |
Show The firft and fecond of thefe Species are fometimes ufed in Medicine; the third and fourth Sorts are preferv’d in Botanick Gardens as Curiofities; the fourth Sort has been by feveral People thought to be the true SnakeRoot : But this is known to bea Miftake. The two firft Sorts are very hardy, andare eafily propagated by parting their Roots; but the third and fourth Sorts are tender, and mutt be fhelter’d in Winter from the fevere Froft, but are tolerably hardy, and have, in moderate Winters, ftood abroad in a Border by the Herb-women in the Fields; and brought to the Markets: It is from one Species of Mugwort, (and not improbably the firft) that the famous Moxa, whichis ufed to burn for curing the Gout, is taken, it being the Lanygo or downy Subftance which adheres to the under Part of the Leaf. ARTICHOKE, is call’d by the Latins Cinara. The Charaéfers are 3 It is very like ibe Thiftle, but bath large under a warm Wall: The laft Sort I receiv’d fealy Heads, which are fhap?d fomewbat like the from the Curious Mr. Henry Hopkey, who Cone of the Pine-tree ; the Bottom of each Scale, gather’d it upon Gibraltar Hills, Anno 1727. as alfo at the Bottom of the Florets, is a thick fefay eatable Subjtance. ARMENIACA ; Apricock. ARMERIUS ; Sweet William ; Caryophyllus Barbatus. vide ARTEMISIA, ['Apryune, Gr. fo. call’d, The Species are ; 1. Cinara 3 bhortenfis; foliis aculeatis & non aculealis. C. B. The Garden Artichoke with prickly and fmooth Leaves. 2. CINARA 3 bortenfis ; non aculeata, capite according to fome, of Artemifia Wife of Mau- Jubrubente. H. R. P. Garden-Artichoke, withfolus King of Caria, who brought this Plant out Prickles, and reddifh Heads. into Ufe, andadoptedit as her’s ; when before 3. Cinara; fylveiris, Betica. Cluf. Cur. it was call’d Parthenis, the Virgin Goddefs Pot. The wild Artichoke of Betia. being feign’d to have given that Nameto it; I thought proper to introduce this Clafs others derive it of “Aprems Diana, becaufe under the Name Artichoke, which being the good for Difeafes of Women.] Mugwort. generally receiv’d Name of the only valuable Species, it might be better here plac’d than The Charaéflers are ; The Flowers and Fruit of this Plant are very under the Latin Name. like thofe of the Worm-wood, but grow ereit ARTICHOKE. upon the Branches : The Florets areof a purplifb Colour; and the Leaves, for the moft part, terThere is at prefent but one Sort of Artichoke minate in foarp Point, are cut into many Seg- cultivated in the Gardens near London, which ments, and are of a dark Green on the upper is that commonly known by the Name of the Side, and hoaryon the under Side. Red Artichoke ; formerly the green Sort was the moft common, but fince the red Sort hath been The Species are ; introduc’d, the other has been rejected, as 1. ARTEMISIA; vulgaris, major, caule flore purpurajcentibus. C. B. Common great being vaftly inferior in Goodnefs thereto. _Mugwort, with purplith Stalks and Flowers. ARTEMISIA; vulgaris, major, caule ex viridi albicante. Tourn. Common great Mugwort, with whitifh green Stalks. 3. ARTEMISIA; foliis ex luteo variegalis. H.R. P. The yellow ftrip’d Mugwort. 4. ARTEMISIA ; foliis ex albo varicgatis, The white ftrip’d Mugwort. The firft of thefe Species is very common upon dry Banks and Dung-hills in divers Parts of England, and is rarely admitted into a Garden. The fecond Sort is a Variety ofthe firft, which is rarely found in England: But the third and fourth Sorts are only preferv’d in Gardens for the Beauty of their variegated Leaves. Thefe Sorts may alfo be propagated by parting of their Roots either in Spring or Autumn, and will growin almoft any Soil or Situation very far, Ground, off their Compafs AR AbIR AR AR The Manner of propagating. this Plant,is fromSlips or Suckers taken fromthe old Roots, in February or March, which, if planted in a good Soil, will produce large fair Fruit the Autumnfollowing: But as this is a Plant which few Gardeners that have not been inftruéed in the Kitchen Gardens near London, under- ftand to manage well, fo I fhall be the more particular in my Direétions about it. Atthe latter Endof February, or in March, according to the Goodnefs of the Seafon, or Forwardnefs of the old Artichoke Stocks, will be proper time for dreffing them, which muft be thus perform’d, with your Spade remove all the Earth from about your Stock, down below the Part from whence the young Shoots are produced, clearing the Earth from between the Shoots, fo as to be able to judge ofthe Goodnefs of each, with their proper Pofition upon the Stock ; then make Choice of two of ; but as they are fubjeét to fpread and foon over-run a large Spot of the cleareft, ftraireft, and moft promifing fo they fhould be confin’d by cutting Plants that are produc’d from the under-part fide Shoots to keep them within .of the Stock, which you are to let remain for ; nor fhould they be planted too near a Crop; then with your Thumb, force of to other Plants, left, by their fpreading Roots, all the other Plants and Buds, clofe to the they thould over-bear and deftroy them. Head of the Stock from whence they _ Uhe firlt Species of this Plant is ufed are produc’d, and with your Spade draw the in Medicine: The Plant is commonly gather’d Earth about the two Plants which are left, and and with your Hands clofe_ it fait to each of muft then proceed to Planting, which thuft be them, feparating them as far afunder as they done by ranging a Line crofs the Ground, in can conveniently be plac’d without breaking order to their being plac’d exaétly ina Row, them, obferying to crop off the Tops of the andwith a meafure Stick plant them at two Foor Leaves which hang down, with your Hands: Diftance from each other in the Rows and if Your Groundbeing levell’d betweenthe Stocks, defign’d for a full Crop, five Foor Diftance you may fowthereon a {mall Cropof Spinage, which will be taken off before the Artichokes will cover the Ground; and be fure to keep themclear from Weeds; and towardthe latter Endof April, or the Beginning of May, when your Plants beginto fhew their Fruit you mutt carefully look over your Stocks, and draw up all young Plants from them, which may have Row from Row; your Plants muft be fet about four Inches deep, and the Earth clofed very faft to their Roots, obferving, if the Seafon proves dry, to keep themwater’dtwo or three times a Week, until they are growing, after which they feldomrequire any. N. 8B. You might fowa thin Crop of Spinage upon the Ground before you plant your Plants, been produc’dfince their Drefling, andcut off obferving to clear it from about them after it all Suckers which are produc’d from the Stems is come up. of the Artichokes, leaving only the principal Thefe Plants, in a kindly Seafon, ot a moift Head, by which means your Fruit will be the larger ; when your Artichokes are fit to gather, you muft break, or cut them downclofe to the Surface of the Ground, that your Stocks may make ftrong frefh Shoots before Ofober, whichis the Seafon for Earthing, or, as the Gardeners term it, Landing them up: which is thus done ; Cut off all the young Shoots quite clofe to the Surface of the Ground, then dig between every Stock, raifing all the Earth between each Row of Stocks into a Ridge, as is done in the common Method of trenching Ground, fo as that the Rowof Artichokes may be exactly in the Middle of each Ridge; this will be fufficient to guard them againft Froft: And I would here recommendit to the Publick, as infinitely preferrable to long Dung, which is by the Unskilful often ufed, and is the Occafion of their Fruit being {mall, and almoft without any Bottoms to them ; for thereis not any thing fo hurtful to thefe, as new Dung beingeither buried near, or laid about them. Obferve, that altho’ I have mention’d Offober as the Seafon for Earthing them, yet if the Weather proves mild, it may be deferr’d tll any time in November. When youhave thus earth’d them up, you have nothing more to do till Febrvary or March, by which time they will have grown through the Ridge of the Earth ; and whenthe Weather is proper, muft be drefs’d as was before direéted. When you have a Mind to make a new Plantation, after having digged and buried fome very rotten Dung in the Ground you haveallotted for that Purpofe, make choice of fuch of your Plants as were taken from your old Stocks, which are clear, found, and not woody, having fome Fibres to their Bottom; then with your Knife cut off that knobbed woody Part, which join’d them to the Stock, and if that cuts crifp andtender, it is a Sign of its Goodnefs, but if tough and ftringy, throw it awayas good for nothing, andcut off the large outfide Leaves pretty low, that the Middle, or Heart Leaves, may be above them > your Plants being thus prepar’d (if the ris very dry, or the Plants have been y time taken from the Stocks,. it will be Convenient to fet them upright into a Tub of Water for three or four Hours before they are planted, which will greatly refrefh them) you Soil, will produce the largeft and beft 4rti- chokes, fome time in Aygujt and September, after all thofe from the old Stocks are paft; fo that if you intend to continue your Aréichokes thro’ the whole Seafon, you mutt plant frefh every Year, otherwife youcan’t poffibly have Fruit longer than two Months, If any of the Plants which you planted in the Spring, fhould not Fruit in the Autumn, you may, at the Seafon of Earthing your Roots, tieup the Leaves with a fmall Willow Twig, &c. and Jay the Earth upclofe to it, fo that the Top of the Planc may be above Ground ; and when the Froft comes on, if you will cover the Top with a little Straw, or Peafe Haulm, thefe Plants will produce Fruit in J ‘r, orearlyin the Spring. But if you intend toplant other Things between your Artichokes, you muft allow nine or ten Foot between the Rows, as is often practis’d by the Kitchen Gardeners near London, who fow the Ground between with Radifhes or Spinage, and plant two Rows of Cauliflowers, at four Foot Diftance Row from Row, and two Foot andahalf Diftance in the Rows between them; fo that there is always five Foot allow’d for the Artichokes to grow; and in May, when the Radifhes or Spinage are taken off, they fow a Row of Cucumbers for Pickling, exactly between the two Rows of Cauliflowers, and at three Foot Diftance from each other; and between the Rows of Cauliflowers and the Artichokes, plant a Row of Cabbages or Savoys for Winter Ufe, which, when the Cauliflowers are drawn off, and the Artichokes gather’d, will have full Liberty to grow; and by this means the Ground is fully employ’d thro’ the wholé Seafon. In thofe which are planted at five Foot Diftance Row from Row, you may plant in every other Row, a Line of Cabbages or Savoys, for Winter Ufe, which will be gone by the Time of landing themup ; in the doing of which, you muft lay the whole five Foot of Earth into one Ridge, except the Groundbe extreme ftiff, or the Plants young, in both which Cafes you may lay only’ three Feet and a half; the fame Compafs of Ground muft alfo be allow’d where they are planted at a wider Diftance. And, if in the Spring, youfind your Stocks fhoot very weak, which may have beenoccafion’d either |