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Show Bulb feem’d at the fame time to inus large eine emaciated, tho’ it emitted ’ ; radical Fibres like thofe of a Leek. him by I having receiv'd this Account from Reft-Harrow, and the Pods are turgid, in which it differs from Spanifh Broom. 1. The Species are 5 alle Crororarta ; Afiatica, folio fingulari 0, floribus ceruleis. HL. Afiatick 3 . Letter, fent him the following Anfwer with I receiv’d yours in Anfwer to my laft, Crotolaria, with a fingle warted Leaf and blue Ground: Autumnalis you have taken out of the corT have found a Figure in Dodoneus which are no new refponds with it, and thofe Roots who always Thing with the Saffron Gardeners, Planthrow them away whenthey make frefh ; tations. YourFigure does not agree with my Tap- Flower. Croronarta ; Africana, firyacis folio, of Crocus the Figure of the Roots of fome Sets Flowers. 2. Crororarta ; Afiatica, folio fingulari r bus luteis. H. L. Afiatick Cros a Heart-fhap'd Leafand yellow fore ceruleo. Tourn. African Crotolaria, with ‘a Leafof the Storax-Tree and a blue Flower, 4. Crororarsa; fagittalis glabra, longion Roots, as you will fee by the Figure taxen as ribus foliis, Americana. Pluk. Phyt. American juft from the Life as I could: In mine, you'll Crotolaria, with long, {mooth Spear-wort find the Bulb curn’d fide-ways, which I ftill Leaves. find to be conftant in all the Roots I have The firft, fecond and fourth Roots are anexamin’d, which have been a great many, nual: The Seeds of thefe muft be fown on a and makes me fufpect thefe Tap-Roots are Hot-bed early in the Spring ; and when the accafion’d by the accidental Pofition of the Plants are come up, they muft be.tranfplanted Roots in planting, which may retard the afcend- ing Sap, the flowering Stem being thereby turn’d into a crooked Figure, and the TapRootsare full of longitudinal Veffels of a confiderable Dimenfion, fo that the greater attracting Power of the Sap, being hereby diverted downwards, the Flower-/fem may be quite cree aX deftitute of proper Nourifhment. The Method you propofe to remedy this Inconveniency will not do, for I have remov'd fome of thefe Roots at the Seafon when the Tap-Roots were forming, and this alone deftroyed them all; fo that 1am perfuaded, the cutting them off entirely will kill them. The Method I us’d with the Funguils was, to lay fome Tiles juft under the Roots to ptevent their running downwards; But this has not anfwer’d, nor do I think it poffible wholly torecover them ; for the Alteration is not only in. the Root and Flower, but alfo in the Leaf and Blade, which before was fiftulous: But after this Alteration in the Root, becomes a plain fulcated Leaf, and if it ever bloffoms after, the Flowers are large and fingle, which before were {mall and double: But the Saffron, after the Change of its Roots, produces a {mall narrowBlade, feldom half the Length of thofe in a natural State. Upon this Dr. Blair form’d this Conclufion : Thefe additional Obfervations plainly thew, that neither the Carroty-Root, nor the Baftard Tap-Root, as 1 may call it, are merely accidental, or what may becall’d Lu/us Nature, but certain Difeafes incident to fuch Roots: for were they accidental they would not have the fame Appearances to different Perfons in different Soils and Climates, nor would fo many into a frefh Hot-bed, and treated in the fame manneras is directed for Amaranths ; (to which Article 1 refer the Reader to avoid Repetition: ) If thefe are brought forward earlyin the Year, they will produce their Flowers in Fuly, and perfect their Seeds in September; but if they are late, and the 4utumn fhould prove bad, theywill not live to ripenSeeds. The third Sort will abide three or four Years, if preferv’d in a warm Stove, and will ftriking Root as they. lie upon the Ground. Theylovea light fandy Soil. CRUPINA BELGARUM ; vide Serratula. CUCUBALUS ; Berry-bearing Chick-weed. The Charaéters are ; The Flower confifts offive Leaves which are bifid, and difpos'd in a circular Order: The Pointal becomes a [oft oval-fbap’d Berry, which is included in the Flower-Cup, as in a Bladder, and containing many Kidney-hapd Seeds, There is but one Species of this Plant, which is, CucuBarus ; Plinii, Lugd. Berry-bearing Chickweed. This Plant is ofno great Ufe or Beauty, andis feldom preferv’d in Gardens, except for Variety fake : It grows wild in many Parts of Germany, and hath alfo been found in the North Part of Eugland. It is eafily propagated by fowing the Sceds, or planting the Roots, which will in a fhort Time overipread a large Spot of Ground, if fuffer’d to remain ; and it delights in a moift fhady Place. CUCULLATE PLANTS, [are {0 call’d, of Cuculla, Lat..a Hood or Cowl, fuch as Monks wear, becaufe their Flowers refemble it.] CUCUMIS, [takes its Name of Curvatura, Lat. a Bending ; becaufe the Stalks of this Plant are very crooked, ] The Cucumber. produce Flowers and Seeds annually, by which it may be propagated. All thefe Varieties are very ornamental to curious Gardens of Plants. CROWN IMPERIAL ; vide Corona Imperialis,, The Charaéfers are ; It bath a Flower confifting of one fingle Leaf, which is Bell-fbapd, and expanded towards the Top, and cut into many Segments, ofwhich (ome are Male or Barren, having no Embryo, but only a large Style in the Middle, which is charg’d with the Farina ; others are Female or Fruitful, being fafien’d to an Embryo, which is afterwards CRUCIATA ; [is fo called of Crux, Lu. a Crofs; becaufe the Leaves are difposd in the Form of a Crofs; 4. ¢. having fout Leaves oppofite each to the other.] Crofs chang’d into a flefoy Fruit for the moft Part oblong, and turbinated, which is divided into threeor four Cells inclofing many oblong Seeds. The Species are ; 1.Cucumis ; /ativus, vulgaris, maturo fruciu wort. The Charaéfers are ; ' It bath foft Leaves like the Ladies Bedftraw, from which it differs in the Number of Leaves which is produc’d at every Foimt, which in this is only four, difpos d in Formof 4 Crofs. The Species are ; fubluteo. C. B. "The common Cucumber. 2. Cucumis 3 fativus, vulgaris, frudtu albo. C. B. ‘The white Cucumber. hairy Crofs-wort. or three Varieties, differing in the Length or Roughnefs of the outer Skin ofthe Fruit : but thefe being only accidental Sportings of Nature, I fhall pais °em over without making any Diftin&ion ofthem. ‘The fecond Sort, which is by far the better 1. Caverata; birfuta. C. B. Rough o 2, Crucrata; glabra. C. B. Smooth Crofswort. 3. Crverara; Alpina, latifolia levis. Tour Broad fmooth-leav’d Crofs-wort of the Alps. 4. Crucrara; Orientalis, latifolia eres glabra. T. Cor. Upright and Oriental Cro’ wort, with broad {mooth Leaves. ies The firft of thefe Plants is fometimes usd in Medicine : This is found wild in divers Parts CROTOLARIA;; [of Keanu, Gr. a Rattle, of England, growing on dry fandy Banks. | becauie it difcharges its Seeds with a rattling ; The other Sorts are prefery’d in Botanict or becaufe the Infants of Indians make ufe of Gardens for the Sake of Variety, but there the Branches of this Plant furnifh’d with Pods no great Beauty in them, They may all 0 inftead of Rattles, ] them be propagated eafily by Perfons curious The Charaéters are ; that way, for they fpread and increafe by theit ; =f ailing Branches dt bath fingle Leaves, in which it differs from creeping Roots, or their trailing ftriking taken up together have fuch a Refemblance to each other, as 1 have twice obferv’d, cu CR CR 3. Cucumis; oblongus. Dod. The long Turkey Cucumber. The firft of thefe Kinds is the moft common in the Englifo Gardens, of which there are two The commonSort is cultivated in three different Seafons : The firft of which is on HotBeds under Garden Frames, for early Fruit : The fecond is under Bell or Hand-Glaffes, for the Middle Crop: And the third is in the common Ground, for a late Crop, or to pickle. I fhall begin with giving Dire@tions for Raifing Cucumbers early, which is what moft Gentlemens Gardeners have an Emulation to exceed each other in ; and fome have been at the Pains and Expence to have ripe Fruit in every Month of the Year: Which is rather a Curiofity, than any real Advantage ; for Cucumbers that are produc’d before 4prit cannot be fo wholefome as thofe that are later: for before the Sun hath Strength enough to warm the Beds through the Glaffes in the Day-time, all the Force muft proceed from the Fermentation of the Dung, which muft confequently occafién a very confiderable Steam, asalfo a great Quantity of Air will be thereby generated, which being pent up in the Hot-bed, foon becomesrancid, and the Steam of the Bed being by the Cold of the Night condenfed into large Drops of Water, which being abforb’dor infpir’d by the Plants, muft certainly make the Fruit crude and unhealthy, efpecially when the Nights are very long. This, together with the great Expence and Trouble of procuring them earlier, having almoft got the better of Peoples Ambition, hath render’d it lefs praétis'd than it hath been fome Years fince. I fhall begin with giving plain Direétions how to procure Plenty of good handfome Fruit in April: Towards the latter End of Fanuary you muft provide a Quantity of new Horfe-Dung with the Litter mix’d together, (in Propor- tion to the Number of Plants you intend to raife, which, if for a private Family, two Loads will be full enough) this fhould be thrown into a Heap, mixing a few Sea-coal Afhes therewith ; in about four or five Days after, the Dung will begin to heat, at which Time you may drawya little part of the Heap on the Outfide flat, laying thereon little good Earth about two Inches thick ; this you fhould cover with a Bell-glafs, laying /a little dry Litter thereon ; and in a Dayor twoafter, whenyou perceive the Earth to be warm, you muft put your Seeds therein, covering them about a quarter of an Inch with the fame Earth, then put the Glafs on again: and alfo at Night or in bad Weather obferve to cover the Glafs with dry Litter or Mats, &c. and in three or four Days Time (if the Dung be ina good Temper of Heat) the Plants will appear above Ground; which when you firft obferve, Fruit, (as being lefs Watery, and containing fewer Seeds) is the moft common Kind cultivated in Holland ; for I do not remember to you muft immediately with the adjoining Heap of Dung make a Bed for one fingle hav awaytoo clofe to the Bell-Glafs, but obferving cen one ofour greenSort in any of the sin Holland. ‘The third Sort is propagated in fome curious Gardens, for the uncommon Length of its Fruit, andalfoits having lefs Water, and fewer Seeds : but it is not fo fruitful as the common ind, nor will it come up fo eafily. Light, being careful not to take the Dung to lay alittle Dung round about it, as alfo tq keep it cover'd, that the young Plants may not receive a Check thereby. This Hot-bed will require to be three Feet thick in Dung at leaft, which, in the making, fhould be carefully mix’d and beat pretty clofe with the Fork, to prevent |