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Show SO ferv’d in the Stove, obferving to water them frequently, and the fecond Year theywill pro- duce Flowers and Fruit. The tenth and twelfth Sorts are not fo tender as the laft, but require an openairy GlafsCafe, ora warm Green-honfe in Winter, but in Summer may be expos’d in the open Air with other Exotick Plants. Thefe may be propagated by fowing their Seeds on a Hotbed as the former, and fhould be manag’d as hath been directed for them, with this Difference, that they may be much fooner expos’d to Air, and fhould not be bred fo tenderly. Thetfe are preferv’d for their odd Appearance, by fuchas are curious incultivating Exotick Plants; their Fruits being ripe in Winter do afford a Variety in the Green-houfe, and their Leaves and Flowers being veryremarkable in their Colour, Shape, €c. do render them worthyof a Place in every good Col lection of Plants. There is alfo another Variety which differs very muchfrom the tenth Sort, tho’ call’d by that Name in moft of the Exg/ifb Gardens where it is preferv’d, whichI believe came from Virgi~ uid, and being fomewhat like the Figure given by Pere Boccone of the tenth Sort, I fuppote was taken for the fame Plant; but they are very different from eachother, as appear'd by fome Plants which I rais’d from Seeds fent me by Signior Tilli Profeffor of Botanyat Pi/z, of *s Plant, and others rais’d from the old Sort which came from Virginia, both which being cultivated together, retain’d a {pecifick Difference, The Red and White Potatoes are both indifferently cultivated in England ; tho’ the red Sort is moft commonlybrought to the Markets. Thefe Plants were originally brought from Virginia into Europe, where they are at prefent fo generally efteem’d, as to be one of the moft common efculent Roots now in Ufe. Thefe Plants are propagated by planting the {malleft Roots in Spring, which, in a good Soil, will multiply exceedingly; for I have many times feen ten, twelve, or more Roots produced from a fingle Off-fet in one Year. The Soil on whichthefe fhould be planted, ought to be rather moift than dry, and of a tich, foft, loofe Texture; for if the Ground be too dry or binding, they will produce but very {mall Roots, and thofe but {paringly. This Soil fhould be well dug or plough’d, and the {mall Roots laid in Trenches or Furrows fix Inches deep, and about fix Inches afunder in the Furrows; but the Furrows muft be a Foot Diftance from each other, for when they are too clofe, their Roots will not be large, which is what People ufually cover. In the Spring and Summer Months, the SO where they may be protected fiom Froft. The beft of thefe may be taken out for Ufe in Winter, and the {mall ones refery’d to plant in the Spring. SOLSTICE is the Time when the Syy is in one of the jolftitial Points; that is, when he is at his greateft Diftance from the Equator, which is twenty-three Degrees and an half: Thus call’d, becaufe he then appears to ftand till and not to change his Place in the Degrees of the Zodiack any way; an Appearance owing to the Obliquity of our Sphere, and which thofe who live under the Equator are Stran- gers to. The Solftices are two in each Year; the Eftival or Summer Solftice, and the Hyemal or Winter Solft.ce. The Summer Solftice is, when the Sunis in the Tropick of Cancer, which js on the eleventh of Fune, when he makes our longeft Day The Winter Solftice is, when the Sun enters the firft Degree of Capricorn, which is on the eleventh of December, when he begins to re- turn towards us, and make our fhorteft Day, This is to be underftood, asin our Northern Hemifphere ; for in the Southern, the Sun’s Entrance into Capricorn makes the Summer Solfice, and that into Cancer the Winter Sole frice. SONCHUS [of fou, Life, and 240, to pour out, becaufe this Plant yields an excellent Juice againft Inflammations.] Sowthiftle. Thefe are moft of them Weeds in England, and are not planted in Gardens, forif their Seeds are once permitted to fcatter upon the Ground, they will foon ftock it with Plants ; for which Reafon they fhould always be extirpated, not only! thofé in the Garden, but alfo in the Parts near it, becaufe their Seeds being furnith’d with Down, are wafted in the Air to a confiderable Diftance; where, falling to the Ground, they foon come up, and prove troublefome. SORBUS; [fo call’d of Sorbere, Lat. to fup, becaufe the Fruit being ripe is fo foft that it may be fupp’d.} ‘The Service Tree. The Charaéfers are ; The Flower confifts of feveral Leaves, which are plac’d orbicularly, and expand in Formof 4 Rofe, whofe Flower-cup afterwards becomes a Fruit foapd like a Pear or Medlar ; to which muft be added, Pennated Leaves, like thofe of the Ath. The Species are ; 1. Sorsus; /ativa. CB. P. Service Tree. 4 The manurd ‘ 2. Sorsus ; fativa, fruttu pyriforma, medio Weeds thould becarefully hoed down between the Plants, rubente. H. Cath. may be done as they are wanted, till the Froft 3. Sorsus; /ativa, fruciu ferotino, mitiort, turbinato rubente. Tourn. The leffer late-ripe Service, with a Medlar-fhap’d Fruit. wd 4 Sorsus; aucuparea. F. B. The wi until their Haulm is {trong enough to bear them down, and prevent their Growth: And when their Haulm decays in Autumn, the Roots may be taken up for Ufe; which pel te fet in ; when there muft be a Quany taXen up, andlaidin Sand ina dry Cellar, The manur’d Service, with Pear-fhap’d Fruit, red in the Middle. Service or Quack-beam, by /ome call’d The uicken Tree. & nae S 5. SoRBUS 3 §. Sonsus ; /ylueftris, foliis ex Iuteo varie~ SO In this Nurfery they may continue three or four Years, according to their Growth, wheri it will be proper to tranfplant them out where they are to remain. ‘The beft Seafon for which is in March, juft before they begin to fhoot : was a Miftake, for feveral curious Perfons The Soil fhould be warm in which they are have ftriétly fearch’d thofe Places where it planted, ‘and the Situation defended from cold was mention’d to grow, and could not find it, Winds: In which Place they will thrive and nor could they learn from the Inhabitants of Produce Fruit in a few Years; but as the thofe Countries, that any fuch Tree had grown Fruit will vary from thofe which the Seeds there. were taken from, (as is the Cafe of moft forts In Italy thefe ‘T'rees are very common, of Fruit) fo the fureft Method to have the where they have a great Variety of Sorts, particular Sorts which you intend to cultiva te, which were obtain’d from Seeds ; but I have is to bud or graft them either upon their own not obferv’d in the Eng/i/h Gardens more than or the wild Service Stock ; upon which they the three Sorts here mention’d, and thofe are will take and produce Fruit in a few Years. yet very fcarce, for I have not feen more than The wild Service or Quick-beam grows wild one large Tree of the true Service in England, in divers Parts of England, but it is often which was lately growing in the Gardens for- cultivated in Gardens for Variety. This promerly belonging to Fohn Tradefcant at South duces large Bunches of Flowers at the ExtreLambeth near Vaux-Hall in Surrey, who was mity of its Branches in Muy, which are fuca very curious Collectorof rare Plants in King ceeded by large roundifh Fruit, which change Charles the Second’s Time ; which Tree was to a beautiful Scarlet Colourin. dutumn, when near forty Feet high, and did produce a great they afford an agreeable\ ariety in Wildernefs+ Quantity of Fruit annually. There are, in- Quarters, deed, fome Trees of middling Growthin the This Tree feldom grows above twenty Feet Gardens of Henry Marfh, E{q; at Hammer/imith, high, fo fhould be always plac’d in Lines of which produce Fruit, (from whence {everal Trees of the fame Growth. young Plants have beenrais’d of late in the The Woodofthis Tree is much commended gotis. The wild Service or Quick-beam, with ftrip’d Leaves. The manur’d Service was formerly {aid to be growing wild in England; but this I believe Norferies near London) ; but thefe are {mall when compar’d to that in FobTradefcaut’s Garden. Thefe Fruits do nearly refemble Med/ars in their Nature, being of a very auftere Tafte till they are rotten, when they have a more agreeable Flavour ; but in England their Fruit does not ripen fo well as in warmer Countries, and is therefore lefs efteem’d : However, the Trees are propagated by fuch Perfons as are curious in colleéting the various kinds of hardy Trees and Shrubs, for the Oddnefs of their Leaves andFruit. They maybe propagated by fowing their Seeds on a moderate Hot-bedin the Spring ; and whenthe Plants are come up, they fhould be carefully kept clear from Weeds, and in dry Weather water’d ; but they fhould be expos'd tothe open Air: For the only Reafon for making a Hot-bed, is, to forward the Growth of the Seeds ; but if when the Plants by the Wheelwright for being all Heart, and it is of great Ufe for Hushandmens Tools, Goads, &c. ‘The Flowers of this Tree {mell very {weet, and theFruit is extraordinary Food for Thrufbes ; fo that where thefe Trees are planted, they will greatly frequent. The Sort with variegated Leaves is pre ferved by fuch as are curious in collecting the feveral Sorts of ftrip’d Plants, but there is no great Beauty in it. This may be propagated by Layers, or by being budded on the plain Sort, but they will becomeplain again, if planted on a veryrich Soil Thefe Trees fhould have a moift, ftrong Soil, but will growin the moft expos’d Places, being extremely hardy, which renders them worthy of Care, fince they will thrive where fewother Trees will fucceed. SORREL ; vide Acetofa. SOUTHERNWOOD ; vide Abrotanum are come up, the Bed is cover’d, it will draw the Plants, and fpoil them. In this Bed the SOWBREAD ; vide Cyclamen Plants fhould remain until the Middle of March the fucceeding Spring, when there SPARTIUM ; focall’d of Sparum, a Dart, fhould be a warm, light Spot of Ground pre- becaufe the Rufhes of this Plant reprefent a par’d to receive them ; into which theyfhould Dart ; or elfe of the Greek sadeny, ofamtives3ur, be planted in Rows two Feet afunder, and a (ow, becaufe it fows irfelf. It is alfo call’d Foot diftant in the Rows ; obferving to take permut, of wuwG, fingle, and cateua, them up carefully, and to plant them as foon caufe the Fruit of this Plant contains as poffible that their Roots may not dry. but one fingle Secd.] The Broom-Tree, During the Summer, the Ground fhould be The Ch ers are ; kept conftantly clear from Weeds, and in It bath a papilionaceous Flower, whofe PoinWinter there fhould be a little Mulchlaid upon tal, which rifes from the El cup, afterwards the Surface of the Ground about their Roots, becomes a fbort, roundifh, Hing Pod, con to protect them from being injur’d by Froft ; taining, for the moft Part, one Kidney-fhapd but in the Spring the Ground between *em Seed in each. fhould be dug, burying the Mulchtherein : The Species are; J In doing of which, you muft be careful not 1. SpartiuM; alterum, monofpermum, [eto cut or injure the Roots of the Plants. mine reni fimile. C. B.P. Another Spanifh Broom, |
