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Show x and preferved in a dry Place ’till the following Spring, in order to be fown. The firft, third, and fourth Sorts are the beft worth cultivating, their Pods being large and more vifible than the other, and are more in Form of a Caterpillar. SCORZONERA ; [of Efcorfo, a Catalonian Word, fignifying a Viper, becaufe it is sc in the fame Place where they are fown ; for when the extream Part of the Rootis broken it never extends itfelf in Length afterwards, but only fhoots out into many forked {mall Roots, which are not near fo valuable as thofe which are large and ftrait. Thefe Roots may be taken up whentheir Leaves begin to decay, at which time they have done grow= ing ; tho’ they may remainin the Ground until Spring, and maybe taken up as theyare us’d: But thofé which remain in the Ground after apply’d, takes away the Venom oftheBite of March, will fhoot up their Flower-ftems ; after Vipers. Theyfay, that if a Viper be touched which they are not fo, good, being fticky and with this Juice, it languifhes: And thata Man ftrong. maytouch Vipers fafely, if his Hand be firft If youintend to fave Seeds of thefe Plants, dipp’din the Juice of this Plant.] Viper’s-Grafs. you fhould let a Parcel of the beft remainin The Charaéters are ; the Places where they grew; and when their It hath a femi-flofculous Flower, confifting of Stems are grownto their Height, they fhould many balf Florets, which reft upon the Embryo’s, be fupported with Stakes, to prevent their ch are included in one comion Empalement, falling to the Ground or breaking. In June b is {caley: The Embryos do afterwards they will flower, and about the Beginning of come oblong Seeds, which are furnifh’d with Auguft their Seeds will ripen, when they Down. fhould be gather'd, and preferv’d drytill the The Species are ; Spring following for Ufe. 1, Scorzonera3 Jatifolia, finuata. C.B.P. Commonor broad-leav’d Viper’s-Grafs, with SCROPHULARIA ; [fo call’d, on acan indented Leaf. count ofits refembling Scrophuli by its Inequa2. ScoxzonerA3 Jatifolia, altera. C. B.P. lity, not becaufe it is good to cure the ScroAnother broad-leav’d Viper’s-Grafs, phula in the Neck, asis vulgarly thought.) 3. SCoRZONERA 5; /aciniatis foliis. Tourn. Figwort. Viper’s-Grafs, with jagged Leaves, The Charaéfers are ; The firft of thefe Sorts is what the College It bath an anomalous Flower, confifting of of Phyficians have directed for Medicinal Ufe : one Leaf, gaping at both Sides, and generally And itis alfo cultivated for the Ufe of the globular, cut as it were into two Lips; under Kitchen in divers Gardens near London, though, the upper one of which are two {mall Leaves: at prefent, it is not fo much propagated asir The Pointal rifes out of the Flower-cup, which hath been fome Years fince, when it was more afterwards turns toa Fruit or Husk, with a commonly brought to the Markets. roundifo-pointed End, opening into two Di‘The fecond Sort is equally as good as the vifions, parted into two Cells by an intermediate firft for all the Purpofes for which that is culPartition, and full of{mall Seeds, which adbere tivated ; but as it‘is lefs common, {0 it is to the Placenta, rarely found in England, except in Boranick The Species are ; Gardens, where the third Sort is alfo culti1. Scropuutarra ; nodofa fatida. CB.P. vated for Variety, but is never apply’d to any Stinking knobbed-rooted Figwort. Ufes. 2. ScropHuLARta ; aquatica, major. C.B.P. Thefe Plants maybe propagated by fowing ’ ; their Seeds in the Spring upon a Spot of light Greater Water Figwort. 3. Scropuutaria ; Hifpanica, fambuct freth Soil. ‘The beft Method of fowing them, folio glabro. Tourn. Spanifh Figwort, with a is, to draw fhallow Furrows by a Line about fmooth Elder-leaf. a Foot afunder, into which you fhould {eater 4. ScRopHuLARIA ; maxima, Lufitanita, the Seeds, thinly covering them over about fambuci folio Janugino/o. Tourn, Greateft Porhalf an Inch thick with the fame light Earth ; tugal Figwort, with a woolly Elder-leaf. and whenthe Plants are come up, they fhould 5. Scropuurarta ; ruta canina dilia, be thinned where they are too clofé in the Rows, leaving them at leaft fix Inches afun- vulgaris. C..B.P. Figwort, commonly called ~ der, and, at the fame Time, you fhould hoe Dogs Rue. 6. Scropnurarra ; faxatilis Jucida, bajerdown all the Weeds to deftroy them: And pitii Maffilienfis foliis. Boc. Muf. Shining Rock this muft be repeated as often as is neceffary; Figwort, with Leaveslike the Marfeilles Laferfor if the Weeds are permitted to grow among . the Plants, they will draw them up weak, and wort, 7. SCROPHULARIA; glauco folio, in ampias prevent their Growth. lacinias divifo. Tourn. Figwort, with a SeaThere are many People who fowthefe Seeds green Leaf divided into large Segments. Promifcuoufly in a Bed, and afterwards tran{ 8. Scropuurarta ; foliis filicis, modo lac plant them out at the Diftance they would niatis, vel ruta caninalatifolia. C. B.P. Fig~ have them grow: But this is not fo well as the wort, with Leaves jagged after the manner of former Method, becaufe their Roots do monly fhoor downright, which in being com- Fern,, or broad-leav’d Dog’s-Rue. tranfThere are feveral other Species of this planted areoften broken, fo that they never which are preferv’d in fome curious Bo will make fo fair Roots as thofe which remain Gardens, but thofe here mention’d bein faid to be of great Efficacy againft the Bite of Vipers, Authors write, that the Herb being ¥ SC SE moft beautiful, and beft worth preferving, it by great Cold, and may be parted to increaf e would be needle{s to enumerate the other Sorts them: But thefe Plants which are propag ated in this Place. from Slips do feldom flower fo ftrong as thofe The firft Sort here mention’d, grows wild in produc’d from Seeds, {fo that iris the beft Way great Plenty in Woods and other fhady Places to raife every Year {ome from Seeds to fucceed in divers Parts of England, and is rarely culti- the old Roots, vated in Gardens; but this being the Sort The fifth, fixth, feventh and eighth Sorts which the College of Phyficians have direéted are alfo tender, and will rarely endure the Cold for Medicinal Ufe, under the Title of Scrophy- of our Winters without Shelter, unlefs in fome Jaria Major, is by fome preferved in their very warm Situations ; therefore thefe fhould be Phyfick-Gardens. planted in Pots fill’d with frefh, light Earth, The fecond Sort is alfo very common in and fhelter'd in Winteras the two former Sorts. moift Places, and bythe Sides of Ditches almoft Thefe may be propagated either from Seeds, every where. This is alfo an officinal Plant, as the former, or from Cuttings ; but the for. and ftands in the Catalogue of Simples, under mer being the beft Way, is generally practis’ d, the Title of Betonica aquatica, i.e. Water- becaufe the Plants rais‘d from Seeds do always Betony, becaufe the Leaves are fomewhat like flower much ftronger than thofe produc’d from thofe of Betony. Cuttings, and likewife grow more regular. Thefe two Plants maybe eafily propagated Thefe Sorts will abide two or three Years, if in Gardens, by fowing their Seeds early in the defended from Froft in inter, b tif theyfhould Spring upon a Bed offrefh Earth, in a fhady continue longer, they are feldom fobeautiful Situation ; and when the Plants are come up, as young Plants, fo that they fhould be often they fhould be tranfplanted out into a ftrong, renew’d from Seeds, p moift Soil, about two Feet afunder, obferving to water them until they have taken Root; SCRUPOSE;; full of Gravel-ftones, after which they will require no farther Care but to hoe down the Weeds between them from time to time as they are produc’d. The fecond Year thefe Plants will fhoot up to flower, and if their Stemsare fuffer’d to remain, they will produce Seeds ; but the Herb is generally cut for Ufe juft as the Flowers begin to open; for if it ftands longer the Leaves change, and the whole Plant contains much lefs Juice, Ihefe Roots will abide many Years without renewing, but it will be proper to tranfplant them every other Year, otherwife their Roots will fpread over each other, and thereby de{troy themfelves. SECALE;; [fo call’d of Secare, Lat. to CUty becaufe thefe Plants are cut when the Seeds are ripe.]_. Rie, The Charaéfers are ; The Flowers have no Leaves, but confift of feveral Stamina, which are produc’d from the Flower-cup: Thefe Flowers are collected into a fiat Spike, and are difpos’d almoft finzly ; from cover'd in frofty Weather, but in mild Weather The Charaéfers are ; It bath a papilionaceous Flower, out of whofe Eimpalement rifes the Pointal, which afterwards becomes an upright, plain, annual articulated Pod, containing in each Foint 4 Rhomboid Seed, the Flower-cup rifes the Pointal, which after« wards becomes an oblong flender Seed inclos’d in a Husk which was before the Flower-cup. bis differs from Wheat, in having a flatter Spike, the Awn larger and more naked. The third and fourth Sorts are very beautiThe Species are ; ful Plants, being worthy of a Place in every 1. Secate; hybernum, vel majus. C. B. P, good Garden. 'Thefe are fomewhat tenderer Commonor Winter Rie. than the former Sorts, tho’ they will endure 2. SEcALE; vernum & minus. C. B. P. the Cold of our ordinary Winters, if planted Leffer or Spring Rie. ina light Soil, and a warm Situation. hefe Thefe are all the Sorts of Rie which are at maybe propagated by fowing their Seeds in prefent known in England, The Manner of the Spring upon a Bed of frefh Earth; and fowing and husbanding thefe Plants being fo when the Plants are come up, they fhould be well known to every Farmer, it would be needtranfplanted into Beds of frefh Earth, at about lefS to fay any thing of it in this Place, more fix Inches Diftance from each other, obferving than that the firft muft be fown in Autumn, to water and fhade them unti! they have taken as Wheat ; but the other maybe fown in the Root, after which they will require no farther Spring, at the Seafon for Barley, and will Care but to keep them clear from Weeds, and ripen almoft affoon as that which was fown in in very dry Weather to refrefh them with Autumn ; which is a great Advantage in fuch Water. Countries, where it is fubjeé to be deftroy’d At Michaelmas fome of them maybe tranf- in Winter. Planted into the Middle of warm Borders in the Pleafure-Garden, and the reft may be SECURIDACA ; fo call’d of Securis, Lat Planted into Pots fill’d withlight, freth Earth, a Hatchet, becaufe the Ancients fancicd the which in Winter fhould be fhelter’d under a Seeds of it refembled an Hatchet.} Hatchet common Hot-bed Frame, where they may be Vetch. they fhould have as much free Air as poffible : Thefe Plants thus fhelter’d, will flower very ftrong in April, and if duly water’d in dry Weather, will produce ripe Seeds in Fulyy which may be gather’d in the Pods, and preferv’d for Ufe. The Roots of thefe Plants will abide three or four Years, unlefs deftroy’d having a Notch on the inner Side We have but one Species of this Plant ia |