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Show PE PE PE ‘ 4 KK Aiver you have thus planted your Trees, youfhould faften their Heads to the Wall, 2 prevent their being fhaken by the Wind, which would difturb their Roots, and break off the tender Fibres foon after they were produced, to the no {mall Prejudice of the Trees: You fhould alfo lay fome Mulch uponthe Surface of the Ground about their Roots, to prevent the Froft from penetrating the Ground, which wouldinjure, if not deftroy the {mall Fibres. Thefe Things being duly obferved, they will require no farther Care ’till the February following ; towards the latter end of which Month, orthe beginning of March, according as the Seafon is earlier or later, you muft cut off the Heads of the new-planted. Trees, leaving only four orfive Eyes above the Bud5 in doing of which, you muft be very careful not to difturb their Roots; to prevent which, you fhould place your Foot downclofe to the Stem of the Tree, and take fafthold of that Part of the Stock* below the Bud with one Hand, to holdit fteady, while with the other Hand you gently flope off the Head of the Tree witha fharp Knife at the intended Place, which fhould always be juft above an E This fhould always be done in dry Weather ; for if there fhou’d be much Rain foon after ning of May, by {topping fome of the ftronger two Shoots produced, and thofe very ftrone, you fhould at the fame time nip off their Tops, which will caufe each of *em to puth out two or more Shoots, whereby the Wall will be better fupply’d with Branches: You mutt alfo continue torefrefh themwith Water in dry Weather, during the whole Seafon, otherwife they will be apt to fuffer; for their Roots having but little hold of the Ground the firft Yearafter Tranfplanting, if the Seafon fhould prove very dry, ’twill greatly retard their Growth, if due Care be not taken to water them. In the Beginning of Ofober, when you obferve the Trees have done fhooting, you fhould prune them; in doing of which you muft thorten the Branches in proportion to the Strength of the Tree, which, if {trong, may be lett eight Inches long ; but if weak, fhould be fhorten’d to four or five: Then you fhould train them horizontally to the Wall, (as was before directed) ; fo that the Middle of the Trees may be void ofBranches; for that Part of the Tree will be eafily fur- nifh’d with Woodafterwards: whereas, if the Shoots are train’d perpendicularly to the Wall, thofe which are the itrongeft will draw the greateft Share of the Sap, from the Roots, and mount upwards; fo that the Side-Branches it is done, the Wet will enter the Part, and damage the Tree: Nor be done in frofty Weather, for Reafon; for that would enter the wounded fhould it the fame wounded grow weaker, until they many times decay; and this is the Reafon that we fee fo many Part, and preventits healing over. After you Peach-Trees with one upright Stem in the have headed the Trees, you fhould gently loofen the Earth of the Borders, to admit the Fibres of the Roots: but you muft be very careful, in doing ofthis, not to cut or bruife their new Roots, which would alfo damage them: Andifthe Mulch which was laid about their Roots in Autumn, be rotted, Middle, and the two Sides wholly unfurnith’d with Branches, whereby the Middle of each Tree cannot produce any Fruit, that being fill’d with large Wood, which never produces you may dig it into the Border at fome Diftance from the Roots of the Trees; and when the dry Weather comes on, you fhould pare off fome Turf from a Pafture Ground, which fhould be laid upon the Surface of the Border about the Roots of the Trees, turning the Grafs downwards, which will preferve a gentle Moifture in the Earth better than any other Sort of Mulch; andthis will not harbour Infeéts, as do moft Sorts of Dung and Litter, to the no fmall Detriment of the Trees. In watering of thefe Trees, you fhould obferve to do it witha Noffel upon the Watering- will be deprived of their Nourifhment, and any Bearing Shoots: Nor can the twoSides of the Trees be regularly fill’d with fruitful Branches, when this Defeét happens to thems therefore this Method fhould be carefully obferv’d in the training up young Trees; for whenthey are permitted to run into Diforder at firft, it will be impoffible to reduce them into a regular healthful State afterwards, the Woodof thefe Trees being too foft andpithy to admit of being cut downagain, (as may be praétis’d on many other hardy Fruit-1 recs, which will fhoot out vigoroufly again); whereas thefe will gum at the Places wher they are wounded, andin a few Years intirely decay. Lit The Summer following, when the oie begin to fhoot, you fhould carefully look overt Pot, fo as to let it out in Drops; for when them, to rub offall fore-right Buds, or 0G it is haftily poured down, it caufes the Ground as are ill plac’d, and train thofe ye ind; and if you water over the Head of defign’d to remain horizontally to the mM all, I it will be of great Service to it: in their due Order as they are produced ; a Your Waterings fhould not be repeated too this is the principal Seafon when you cm en, nor fhould it be given them in great Quantity, both whichare very injurious to newplanted Trees In the Middle of May, when thefe Trees will have feveral Shoots fix or eight Inches in Length, youfhould nail them to the Wall, obterving to train them horizontally, rubbing off all fore-right Shoots, or fuch as are weak, whereby thofe which are preferv’d will be much ftronger: But if there are not more than beft order the Trees as you would have then whereas if they are neglected until J Jummer, as is the common Prattice, 4 8 part of the Nourifhment will be exh by fore-right Shoots, and other ufelefs Br which muft afterwards be cut offs gue here the remaining Shoots will be render¢ weak, and perhaps fome part of¢ be intirely unfurnifh’d with Branches Ww Begi might have been eafily {upply’d in the Shoots, in fuch Parts of the Tree where there is a Neceffity for more Branches, which would caufe each of them to fhoot out two or more Side-branches below the Ends of the Shoots, which may be guided into the vacant Parts of the Tree, as they are produced, fo as that every Part may be regularly furnifh’d with proper Wood, which is the greateft Beauty and Excellency of Wall-Trees: But you fhould always forbear ftopping the Shoots in Sumn where there is not a Neceflity for Branches to fill the Wall; for there cannot be a greater Fault cétmitted, than that of multiplying the Number of Shoots, fo as to caufe a Confufion, whereby the Branches will be too weak to produce good Fruit: Befides, when they are too clolely laid in upon the fummer Pruning; can’t poffibly have them in good Order; for whenall the Branch es which were producedin the Spring are permit ted te remain until the Middle or Latter -end of June, (as is the common Practice), fome of the moft vigorous will draw the greatef t Part of the Nourifhment from the weaker Branch es, which, when the {trong ones are t off; will be too weak to produce fair Fruit; and hereby the Strength of the Trees is ex haufted to nourifh the ufelefs Branch es, which are annually cut off again: Andthus are too many Trees managed and at the fame time Complaints made of their Luxuri ancy; becaufe two or three Shoots, by drawin g in the greateft Share ofthe Nourifhment, grow very ftrong and woody: (whereas, if the Nourifhment had been equally diftributed to a regular Quantity of Branches, there would be no Signoftheir too great Strength), until, by often cutting off theie vigorous Branch es, Wall, the Air is excluded from the Shoots by the great Number of Leaves, fo that they are never duly ripen’d, and, confequently, what Fruit is produced thereon can’t be fo well- the Trees are either entirely dettroy’d, or at tafted as thofe which are produced upon fuch leaft render’d fo weak as not to be able to Trees where the Shoots receive all the Advan- produce Fruit: Foraltho’ by thus weakening the Branches, tages of Sun and Air to maturate them. it is often the Means to produce Thus having fet down the Method ofTrain- a good Number of Bloffoms, (as may many ing up young Trees, I fhall now proceed to times be obferved alfo upon autumnal Shoots ), heir Pruning, and future Management ; yet the utmott oftheir Strength is fpent in which being the fame as with full-grown expanding the Flowers, fo that they rarely Trees, will ferve for general Direétions how produce Fruit, and very often the. greate ft Part of the Branches die foon after, which to manage thefe Sorts of Fruit. In the Pruning of Peach and Neéarine is {uppos’d to he occafion’d by a Blight, (as Trees, (which require the fame Culture Jy I have elfewhere faid) when in reality it is the two following Rules fhouldbe ftrictly ob- nothing lefs than the Fault of thofe who have ferv’'d; viz. rift, That every Part of the the Management ofthe Trees. It is theref ore Tree be equally furnith’d with Be ring-Wood ; of the greateft Confequence to Wall- Trees, and, 2dly, That the Branches are not laid in efpecially of thefe Sorts, to go over them too clofe to each other, for the Reafons be- two or three times in the Month of May, to d down, with fome others whichwill be rub off all irregular Shoots, and to train in eafter inferted), As to the firft, it the Branches that are left in due Order to muft be obferv’d, that all thefe Trees do pro- the Wall, that each Shoot may have an equal duce their Fruit upon the young Wood, either Advantage of Sun and Air, both of which of the preceding Year, or at moft the two are abfolutely neceflary to ripen and prepare Years Shoots, after which Age they do not the Woodforthe next Year’s Bearing. And by duly oblerving the Trees at this Therefore the Branches fhould be ned fo as to caufe them to produce new Seafon, there will not be Occafion for fo much Shoots annually in every Part of the Tree; Cutting, as is often practis ’d on Peach-Trees, which cannot be done in the ordinary Method to their great Injury ; f r their wood Branch es of Pruning, where Perfons neglect their Trees are generallyfoft, tender, and pithy, which, he Seafon wi moft capable of when greatly wounded, are not healed over Management, w at which Time again fo foon as many other Sorts of Trees; the luxuriant Growth of Branches may be and the Wet infinuating into the wounded check’d by pinching, and new Shoots pro- Parts, doth often caufe the Branch es to canker duced where they are wanting, by ftopping and die; which: ray be entirely avoided, by the neighbouring Branches; which Shoots the gentle, eafy Metho d of Pinching and being produced at that Seafon, will have Rubbing off t Buds in the Spring-feafon, Time enough to ripen and gain Strength be- which never makes any Wounds on the Tree ; fore the Autumn comes on; whereas all thofe and hereby a v deal of Labour is faved; Shoots which are produced after the Begin- for one Perfon who is ready at this Bufinefs ning of 7 will be crude and pithy; and will go over a great Quanti ty of Walling in tho’ they may fometimes produce a few Blof- a Day; whereas if the T'rees are permitted to foms, yet thofe do rarely bring Fruit; nor are grow rude all the Spring, they will require the future Branches good which are produced fix times the Labour to reduce ’em into from fuch Wood, the Veffels being too large Order. Befides, it isa great Difadvantage to toftrain the Juices, fo that they eafily admic the Fruit, in permitting the Branches ofthe Of great Quantities of crude Nourifhment to Trees to extend from the Wall, and fhade Pals through them. Therefore thofe Perfons *em 5 and when they have grown under the Whoonly regard their Wall Trees at two dif- Shelter of thefe Branches and Leaves all the ferent Seafons, viz. the Winter and Mid- Spring s until Midjummer, then by pruning off ol fome |
