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Show LE LE Dr. Grew alfo obferves fix feveral Parts intended by Nature for the Prefervation of Gems, viz. Leaves, Sunfoils, Interfoils, Stalks of Leaves, Hoods and Mantlings that cover them. The Skin or Coat ofthe Leaves, is no more than that oftheir Branches extended ; as Gold, by beating, is reduc’d to Leaves: In the Gemtheyare folded, and fometimes in feveral Plaits, fomewhat after the manner of a Fan. If the Leaves are too thick to plait commodioufly in two, and to be rang’d againft each other, orif they be in too {mall a Number, and their Fibres too delicate; inftead of being plaited, they are roll’d up, LE Withregard to their Sitz are either alternate, that is, ranged alternately, ag the Alaternus ; or oppofite to each other, as the Phill » and the Mj, / ard to their Size ty big, as thofe of the Collocc um; or mod e, as thofe of or fmall, as thofe of the J frees or very fmall, as tha rt. Mott Sorts of fmall Plants, andalfo f ral Sorts of Trees, which put forth a Root at the {mall End of the Seed, as foon as that Root has taken hold of the Ground, they put out two fimall Leaves above-ground, which are not at all like to thofe that growon the Plant or Tree, which two falfe Leaves are the Seed. and formeither a fingle Roll, as the Leaves of the Mountain Cow/lip, which are thick, or two Rolls, which begin at each Extremity of which divides it felf into two Parts, and f remains fome fhort Time on the Topof the the Leaf, and meet in the Middle. Thete are fome Plants whofe Leaves form Ground, and afterwards between thofe two falje three Rolls, as Fern, &c. Several Leaves are Leaves comes forth a Shoot, which procover’d with Hair of feveral Figures; thofe duces Leaves like thofe of the Plant or Tree of Lavender and the wild Olive Tree have from which it came. Hairs refembling Stars. Ofthis Manner of Growththere is an infThe Ufe of Leaves, is to cover the Flowers nite NumberofPlants and T and Fruits with their Shade, andto keep them ‘rots, Melons, arduus from other Inconveniences; and they ferve 15, and indeed moft Sorts of alfo for Ornament, to make the Tree look as to Trees, the Apple, the Af. t to the Sight, and are to Trees, as the Maple, the Pear, the 2 r is to Human Bodies more’; and moft Sorts ofS. Some compare the Leaves of Plants, that are not inviron’d by Stones orShells. in themfelves to the Place in 5 isa Term us’d to exp 1 are as the Coats ofthe little fenfible and agreeable Parts of Flow It is true, all Flowers have not Z Poot-ftalks of the Leaves, by which and it is difficult to determine whichis to be ng Sap is convey’d to them, and call’d Leaves, and which the Calix, of felf into the Sinuofities or Circuits, fame Flower. which are found throughout the whole StruTo prevent the confounding the Le cture ; by meansof which, the nourifhing Juice the Flowers with the reft of the Plar is refin’d, and, in part, may receive the moft of the Flowerare call’d Petal. {pirituous Particles of the Air. Word which the Bot Some have obferv’d, that if the Leaves their Latin Dek riptions, when tl re adjoyning to the Bud are deftroy’d, Leaves of Flowers; the Leaves of it will fhoot no more, ’till frefh Leaves come and thofe ofPlants, F call Petala forth again to fuccour its for in this Cafe, Dr. Grew obferves, That the F the Leaves do the fame Office which the Ear. are compos’d of the two general Ki es do to the Gemin its firft State of Vege ai confider the ZL to their St regard to their either fingle, as the Ap as thofeof . d to their the Nummul. ia, Afarum, Orior hollow, as thofe 453 Or in Bunches, as nd Hou/é PAG es are t. Fobn’ sa as thofe of Porhofe ef feveral Kinds of : or woolly, as thofe of the Gnadito » their Ed, as fome Species of Geum s; 64'S. Veffels, viz. for » and Air, al ramify’d out of greater : Arteries are in Animals. And fome are faid to be of Opinion the Veffels in the Leaves of Plants are 1 lated, not Side to Side, but the End into the Sides of others, Yet this i: n done, the fmaller Threads being { ducted, as fometimes to ftandat Rig! are with the larger; fo that they lated only End to End, or Mouth to Mouth, after they are at laft come to theirfinal Diffo lution, © Dr. Agricola Directions for R Trees from Leaves; to whofe Treatile | refer thafe who have a mind to try the Ex periment. I fhall only fay, that I my! ages, Laurujts have had the Leaves of Ca and fome other Plants, ftrike out Roots laid in the Earth, and have alfo ra ral Sorts of loes, by planting their which have fhot out young Plants from under-Parts, LE Some have made this Obfervation, that thofe Trees that hold their Leaves, have their Woodclofe and compact between their annual Circles; and the Reafon that they hold their Leaves all the Winter that their Sap is of a clammy and turpentine Subftance : And the Sap of fuch Trees as hold their Leaves, being once fet by Cold, requires a great deal of Heat to make it thin and put it into Motion; as com- paratively, a little Cold will fet or ftiften Pitch or Turpentine, but it muft be Froft that fets or ftays the Motion of Water. Thofe Trees which hold their Leaves, will grow muchbetter under the Dropping of other it Trees than fuch as fhed their Z caufe their Turpentine-Sap fhoots oft the Drops: as for thofe T that fhed their Leaves, r Sap afcends in a fmall Quantity between nnual Circles in the porous Place: This, they fay, maybe obferv’d ina Tree that is barked round, for that Tree will put forth weaves and increafe in Body, but producelittle orno Shoot; and the more porous the Tree is between thofe animal Circles, the lor Tree will live, as hath been experienc’d in t » Afh-trees, &e. Naturalifts afcribe to Leaves a four-fold Ute: 1. Chiefly, that they do in the Spri Humouris by little and little ftopp’d in the Leaf, till it cannot any more return to the Foot-ftalk ; which by the ceafing of the Afflux and Reflux of the nutritious Juice, grows putrid, whence a Confumption being caus’d, the Leaf dies andfalls off, which is the chief Caufe of the falling of the Leaves in Autumn. The Reverend Mr. Hales, in his excellent Treatife of Vegetable Staticks, {peaking of the Perfpiration of Plants, gives an Account of the following Experiments, viz. That in Fuly and Augu/t he cut off feveral Branches of Apple-trees, Che ry-trees, Pear trees, and Apricock-trees, two of a fort; they were of feveral Sizes, from three to fix Feet long, with proportional lateral Branches; and the tranfverfe Cut of the largeft Part of the Stems was about an Inch Diamet That he ftripp’d off the Leaves of one Bough of each Sort, andthen fet their Stems in feveral Glafies, pouring in known Quantities of Water. The Boughs with Leaves on them imbib’d fome fifteen Ounces, fome twenty, twenty-five orthirty in twelve Hours Day, more or lefs, in Proportion to the Quantity of Leaves they had; and when he weigh’d them at Night, they were lighter than in the Morn- ing. receive the crude Humoursinto themt divide them very minutely, and move them While thofe without Leaves imbib’d but ftrongly in the Utricles, and perhaps draw in one Ounce, and were heavier in the Evening from the Air what is neceflary, though un- than in the Morning, they having perfpir’d known to us, and carry back great Plenty of little. elaborated Juice to the Plant. The Quantity imbib’d by thofe with Leaves That there may be a Tranfpiration of decreas’d very much every Day, the Sap-Vefwhat is unprofitable, anfwering to the Dif- fels being probably fhrunk at the tranfverfe { veat; for fometimes thofe Cut, and too muchfaturate with Waterto let els of the L are fo over- any more pafs; fo that ufually in four orfive y the great Plenty of diftending Days the Leaves faded and wither’d much. Humour [Juice] that they burft in the Middle, He adds, that he repeated the fame Expe1 let go the more fubti Nor is it riment with Elm-branches, Oak, Ofier, Willow, Idom, that in a hot great Plenty of Sallow, Afpen, Curran, Goofeberry, and Phil: lice re t Way difcha od ar 1 in birt Branches; but none of thefe imbib’d fo ina is found to exfude much as the foregoing, and feveral Sorts of ym the Lee Ever-greens very muchlefs t fhall follow a hot Day He adds alfo another Experiment: That ently happens in divers other on the fifteenth of Auguft, he cut off a large as we learn from the Bees Pippen with two Inches Stem, andits twelve they ma adjoining Leaves: that he fet the Stem in a rom their little Phial of Water, and it imbib’d and per 4 pe "Ws , all the fi periu fpir’d in three Days one-third of an Ounce rs (except thofe which perhaps are And that at the fame time he cut off from d byinfenfible Tranfpiration through the fame Tree another bearing Twig of the ial Veflels exhaling naturally) are feen fame Length with twelve Leaves, no Apple : Trunk. on it, and it imbib’d in the fame three Days Is dried by the near three-fourths of an Ounce, Reafon to be comThat about the fame Time, he fet in a Phia] of Water a fhort Stem ofthe fame Tree, with two large Apples on it without Leaves, and they the Fc imbib’d near three-fourths of an Ounce in two fo make amends for Days. ies by the new Moiftures So in this Experiment, the Apples and Leaves imbibe four-fifths of an Ounce; the ves alone r three-fifths; but the two urge Apples imbib’d and perfpir’d but onerd Part fo much as the twelve Leaves: then the one Apple imbi’b’d the one-fixth Part of what was imbib’d by the twelve Leaves; there fore |
