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Show 1900.] MAMMALS OF SIAM AND THE MALAY PEXINSULA. 307 to have a certain knowledge, the more the better, of the animals alive in their own native wilds. The first of these things I have been unable to do, but having fortunately had opportunities of examining the mammals contained in the three museums which exist in the Malay Peninsula and the one in Siam, and having seen many alive, it may be useful to put these notes on record (as some account of the species occurring in these countries is much needed), hoping that they may help some more competent writer hereafter to compose a full catalogue. The chief paper on the Mammals of the Malay Peninsula is Dr. Theodore Cantor's Catalogue, published in 1846, in the Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal (vol. xv. nos. 171 and 172), in which 93 species found wild in the Peninsula are enumerated In the P. Z. S. 1886 Mr. Oldfield Thomas gave an account of the Mammals presented by Mr. A. 0. Hume to the British Museum (Natural History); in this paper (pp. 72-79) 28 species are recorded from the Malay Peninsula, mostly from specimens collected by the late Mr. Davison. Mr. H. J. Kelsall, R.A., in the Journal of the Straits Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, no. 26, pp. 16 and 17, Jan. 1894, has recorded 13 species of mammals collected or observed during a journey from Kuala Indau to Batu Pahat, in Johore. And Mr. H. N. Eidlev has published three papers on this subject:-(i.) "On the Dispersal of Seeds by Mammals," J. S. B.E. A. S. no. 25,1894, pp. 11-32. (ii.) "List of Mammals recorded from Pahang," J. S.B. E. A. S. no. 25, 1894, pp. 57 to 60, in which 35 species are recorded, (iii.) " The Mammals of the Malay Peninsula," Nat. Science, vol. vi., nos. 35, 36, and 37, Jan., Feb., and March, 1895, in which about 46 species are mentioned by name. In Dr. Jean Gerard Koenig's journal of his voyage to Siam (translation, J.S. B. E. A. S. no. 26, 1894^ there are very few references to the mammals of the country ; they are as follows :- (P. 126) 8th Nov. 1778, at mouth of Bangkok Eiver: " A squirrel was shot, whereupon the whole wood was tilled with the screaming of the monkeys. The back, sides, and tail of this Sciurus were dark grey, and towards the surface of the hair yellow; the mouth and the round ears were black, the stomach rust-coloured brown; it was twice as big as the Sciurus palmarum." (P. 145) 8th Dec. 1778, at Ayuthia : " I D a bush I saw an Indian hare, with his half-naked neck, only covered with short, soft, black hair. The Sciuri are much rarer here than on the Coromandel Coast, and the Palm-Squirrel, which is generally so common, I have not seen at all here." (P. 161) 4th Jan. 1779: "As I have mentioned the place where they found the gold (on the land-route from Mergui to Bangkok), I will add the tale of some Christians, who made this journey, concerning a class of creatures which are probably the Homo tar. This animal is said to walk erect, and to live principally on honey ; and as the Siamese consider its skin and flesh to have some medical virtues, they kill it in the following manner :-Those |