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Show 1899.] ORNIS OF SAO PAULO. 515 specimens from Iguape, Santos, and Sao Sebastian ; but I see by the newspapers, that some have also been captured on the coast of Espiritu Santo. I observed this Penguin on the coast of Bio Grande do Sul in 1883. The extension of its winter excursions to the coast of Sao Paulo dates back only three or four years. The northern element of the Sao Paulo Avifauna is very large, and has been considerably increased by m y investigations. From the littoral zone especially, i. e. Iguape, we have obtained examples of a number of common Bahia birds, not hitherto known to occur in Sao Paulo. These are such species as Donacobius atricapillus, Dacnis speciosa, Tanagra palmarum, Thryophilus longior, Rhamphoccelus brasilius, Sycalis fiaveola, Elainea pagana, Lathria virussu, Dendrocincla turdina, Formicivora. rufatra, F. ferruginea, F. squamata, Rhamphoccenus melanurus, Formicarius colma, Merulaxis rhinolophus, Agyrtria tephrocephala, Pyrrhura leucotis, Urochroma wiedi, Cancroma cocldearia, and Guara rubra. As genera of this northern element which are not found southward of tbe State of Sao Paulo, we may name :-Thryophilus, Donacobius, Rhamphoccelus, Gapsiempis, Legatus, Myiozetetes, Rhynchocyclus, Conopias, Megarhynchus, Muscivora, Myiochanes, Ptilochloris, Chiromachceris,Neopelma, Hadrostomus, Attila, Philydor, Biatas, Corythopis, Lathria, Dendrocincla, Rhamphoccenus, Formicarius, Merulaxis, Florisuga, Nonnula, Jacamaralcyon, Bucco, Urochroma, Busarellus, Buteogallus, Thrasaetus, Leptodon, Anhinga, Scardafella, Crax, Porzana, Porphgriola, Palamedea, Cancroma, and Guara. To these may possibly be added Lipaugus simplex and Pipra leucocilla, mentioned from Sao Paulo without exact localities by Joyner, but not met with by other observers. It may be useful to add here the names of species observed by Euler atCantagallo,in the State of Bio, which hitherto have not been observed in Sao Paulo, namely :-Atticora tibialis Cass, (perhaps an erroneous determination), Chlorophanes spiza, Nemosia fiavicollis, Thlgpopsis sordida, Pitylus brasiliensis, Phonipara fuliginosa, Cory-phosphingus pileatus, Icterus tibialis, Alectrurus risorius, Euscarth-mus limbatus, Phyllomyias griseocapilla, Pipra rubricapilla, Machce-ropterus regulus, Cotinga cincta, Calyptura cristata, Picolaptes squamatus, Thamnophili doliatus, palliatus, torquatus, and ambi-guus, Myrmotherula melanogaster and M. brevicaucla, Terenura maculata, Myrmeciza loricata, Percnostola funebris, Conopophaga melanops, Glctucis hirsuta, Hylocharis cyanea, Pygmornis pygmceus, Prymnacantha langsdorffi, Chloronerpes brasiliensis, Denclrobates maculifrons, Ghelidoptera tenebrosa brasiliensis, Neomorphusgeoffroyi, Chrysotis farinosa, Asturina nitida, Morphnus guyanensis, Harpagus bidentatus, Falco aurantius, and Crypturus pileatus. It is possible that some of these species may occur in the littoral zone of Sao Paulo also; but many of them are certainly absent there, as, for example, Cotinga cincta and Pipra rubricilla. Trogon aurantius of Bio and Northern Brazd is in Sao Paulo replaced by |
