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Show 1899.] ANTIPATHARIAN C O R A L S O F M A D E I R A . 817 which may possibly have been of this species or a young St. gracilis, in these terms : " Antipathes simplicissima, elongata, filiformis, longitudinaliter sexcostata, costis echinatis. Long. 35 mm." Hab. Madeira. Gen. LEIOPATHES (Gray), Brook. Corallum much branched ; stem and thicker branches polishe spineless, ultimate brauches bearing very small and distant spines. Polyps on all sides of the branches, with 12 mesenteries iu the oral cone, 6 below; tentacles six. LEIOPATHES GLABERRIMA (Esper), M.-Edw. Corallum branching on all sides, forming a bush ; stem and main branches thick ; branchlets springing nearly at right angles from opposite sides of the branch subalternately; spines on the ultimate branchlets very short, conical compressed, at right angles to the branch. This species has been found in the Mediterranean, and it is believed to be the only Old World antipatharian that occurs in the West Indies. A fine specimen, 150 centim. (4 ft. 11 in.) and 80 centim. (31 in.) through, was obtained off Seixal, a village on the N . W . coast of Madeira, and has been placed in the Seminario Museum, Funchal. It is destitute of its base ; the stem below the first branch is only 12 millim. thick. There are two main branches which run to a great length and in their lower parts are almost as thick as the stem. These and the secondary branches are strongly and irregularly sinuous, and with the ultimate branchlets form a round bush. The branchlets are very fine and hair-like, and are set with short, broad, conical upright spines at irregular distances apart, not in rows or whorls. The stem and main branches are black, smooth, and shining. Nowhere is there any fusion of the branches. The branches were thickly covered with polyps of a warm brown colour. The tentacles were subulate in form and much longer than the body. Several other specimens of a smaller size have occurred from time to time. It was remarkable that not a single organism of any kind had established itself parasitically on any part of the large specimen, a great contrast with Aphanipaih.es wollastoni when it is brought up to the surface. Hab. Madeira, Mediterranean, W . Indies. LEIOPATHES EXPANSA, sp. n. (Fig. I., p. 818.) Much branched in one plane or in parallel planes to the sixth degree of subdivision. Stem and branches elliptical in section, jet-black, polished, bent into irregular zigzags, the branches being thrown off alternately on opposite sides. All the branches arise almost at right angles from the parent branches at a distance from each other. The ultimate branchlets are very slender, hair- |