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Show 1882.] ON T H E M O L L U S C A N F A U N A O F M A D A G A S C A R . 375 Although this species is so closely connected with C. aspersus and C. vermiculatus, I think it deserves to be separated from them at present. Dr. Cabanis, when answering m y questions respecting this species, says:-" Your Crypturus is not very different from C. adspersus, Licht. (which I consider identical with C. vermiculatus, Temm., Wagl.). The chief differences are that the vent is not whitish, but cinereous, and the flanks brownish like the back, not light ferruginous. I would consider your bird as the Peruvian form of the Brazilian C. aspersus." I have named this bird after Mr. R J. Balston. I may here mention that Crypturus bartletti, Scl. et Salv. (Proc. Zool. Soc. 1873, p. 311), was obtained at Santa Cruz on the Huallaga river, E. Peru, not at Santa Cruz de la Sierra, as there stated in error. 5. A Contribution to the Molluscan Fauna of Madagascar. By EDGAR A. SMITH. [Eeceived April 12, 1882.] (Plates XXI. & XXII.) Much still remains to be done before our knowledge of the terrestrial and fluviatile Mollusca of Madagascar will attain any thing like completeness. With the exception of Achatina fulica, Helix magnifica, and one or two others, I am not aware that the animals of any of the numerous species of shells already described from this island have been examined. Of non-operculate land-shells about eighty are now known, of operculate species about seventy-five, and about fifty forms have been recorded from the lakes and rivers; this computation includes the new species about to be described, and a few hereafter mentioned for the first time as inhabitants of Madagascar, which were originally described without localities. One minute species, Helix barrakporensis, has not previously been met with except in India, where it may have been introduced, as is the case with the large Achatina fulica, a most abundant shell in some parts of Madagascar and also at the Mauritius. A small South- African bivalve shell, Limosina ferruginea, is now cited for the first time as an inhabitant of the island ; and Spharium madagascariense of Tristram is scarcely separable from another African species, $. capense of Krauss. Four species belonging to genera not previously known from Madagascar are now described ; these are Vitrina madagascariensis, Cleopatra trabonjiensis, Corbicula madagascariensis, and Pisidium johnsoni. Part of the collection which is here reported upon was liberally presented to the British Museum by Mr. W . Johnson, who has recently returned to England, and to whom much praise is due for so carefully noting the precise localities where he collected the various species; and on this account his name will be found associated with |