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Show 688 MR. F. G. PARSONS ON T H E [June 16 cation of older bones, I find that the centre for the attachment the ligamentum patellae first unites with that for the head aud then with the shaft before the latter is united with the head. The Fibula has an upper and lower epiphysis. In the foot the bones are the same as in Macropus giganteus. On the plantar surface of the base of the fourth metatarsal there is a facet articulating with a triangular bone, which probably is the rudiment of the first metatarsal; this bone is in close contact with the internal cuneiform, though it does not articulate with it. The Articular Sgstem. Clavicular Articulations.-The outer end of the clavicle is attached to the tip of the acromion by a ligamentous band about ^ inch long, so that there is no synovial cavity between these bones. In addition to this there is a coraco-clavicular ligament about 4 inch long, which connects the outer end of the posterior border of the clavicle to the small coracoid process; this ligament passes above the origin of the biceps, with which some of its deeper fibres are continuous. The Shoulder-joint has no openings at all in the capsule, the biceps tendon passing entirely superficial to it. It is not speciallv thickened at any point. When the posterior part of it is cut and tbe bones separated, a gleno-humeral ligament is seen running obliquely downwards and outwards from the base of the coracoid process towards the lower part of the lesser tuberosity. This so-called ligament is in reality only a fold of the synovial membrane, the free border of which is crenated and projects into the joint cavity; it is best marked near the scapula. The Elbotv-jolnt is remarkable for allowing a good deal of lateral movement when it is flexed. The anterior ligament has two strengthening bands, the external of which is oblique and runs from the external condyle downward and inward to the radius just above tbe tubercle ; it helps to limit pronation when tbe elbow is extended. Tbe other band is vertical and runs down from in front of the internal condyle to just below the coronoid process of the ulna. The internal lateral ligament consists of two thickened bands arranged in the form of an inverted V, the anterior runs from the internal condyle to the coronoid, the posterior from the internal condyle to the olecranon process; the interval between these is filled in by a thin membrane. The external lateral ligament is a single strong band, which passes from the external condyle to the orbicular ligament and neck of the radius ; it is inseparable from the supinator brevis tendon, and from its joint surface there is a pyramidal synovial and fatty projection which occupies the triangular non-articular gap in the outer side of the great sigmoid notch where the olecranon joins the coronoid process. The posterior ligament is thin and lax. The Superior radlo-ulnar joint has an orbicular ligament; it |
