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Show 1878.] ' LIGHTNING'AND ' PORCUPINE ' EXPEDITIONS. 401 * Jointed. A. Perforated or tubuliferous. Family I. TEREBRATULID.E. Genus I. TEREBRATULA. Subgenus I. Terebratulina. Loop, short, annular in its adult state. 1. T E R E B R A T U L A CAPUT-SERPENTIS, Linne. (Plate XXII. fig. 1.) Anomia caputserpentis, L. S. N. ed. 12, p. 1153 : T. caput-serpentis, 'British Conchology,' ii. p. 14, pl. i. f. 1 ; v. p. 164, pl. xix., f. 2. 'Lightning' Expedition: Station 4, 530 fathoms. 'Porcupine' Exp., 1869: St. 2, 808 f., on Oculina prolifera ; 6,90 f.; 14, 173 f.; 16, 1180 f.; 23a, 420 f. ; 25, 164 f.; 54, 363 f.; 57,632 f.; 61, 114 f.; 65, 345 f.; 74 and 75, 203-250 f. ; 77,580 f.; 78, 290 f.; 84, 155 f. ; Loch Torridon, 40 f. ; off Belfast, 70 f. 1870 : Atlantic, 24, 292 f. ; Mediterranean ; Adventure Bank, 92 f.; off Rinaldo's Chair, 60-160 f. Spitzbergen and Davis Strait to Malta and the Adriatic ; Jamaica ; North-East America; Japan ; Korea; Australia; N e w Zealand: shore to 150 f. Extremely variable with respect to the proportional length of the shell and the number of ribs or striae. One variety is the T. septen-trionalis of Couthouy; and another may be called mediterranea, which is longer and more slender, more compressed or flatter than usual, and more or less cloven in front. In a monstrosity from the Adventure Bank the upper valve is extraordinarily convex and boat-shaped, and there are no longitudinal ribs or striae on the outer margin. I have figured (Pl. XXII. f. 1) the interior of a young specimen to show that the loop is not in that stage of growth completely annular or closed at the top, which is the principal characteristic of the subgenus Terebratulina. The synonyms are very numerous; I have noted seventeen. The localities for this and other Brachiopods in a fossil state will be found in the table of species. 2. TEREBRATULA TUBERATA1, Jeffr. (Plate XXII. fig. 2.) S H E L L , upper valve ovately triangular, somewhat convex; lower valve squarish, compressed; it is solid, opaque, and lustreless : sculpture, about 20 fine longitudinal ribs, besides a few intermediate striae, all of which radiate from the beak, and are closely covered with short tubercles, some of which at the sides are raised and become prickly : ccecal tubuli very minute and numerous : colour brownish white : margins of upper valve in front rounded and slightly scalloped by the ribs, at the sides sloping with a gentle curve/behind acute-angled : beak pointed : foramen or byssal passage oval, incomplete : deltidium broad, slightly excavated or concave : hinge-plate thick : teeth in upper valve small, strong, and 1 Covered with prickles. PROC. ZOOL. SOC-1878, No. XXVI. 26 |