| OCR Text |
Show 200 MR. H. SAUNDERS ON THE LVRIN/E. [Feb. 5, Xema caniceps, Brehm, Vog. Deutschl. p 758. Chroicocephalus melanocephalus, Bruch, J. f. Orn. 1853, p. 104. Melayavia melanocephalus, Bp. Naum. 1854, p. 213. Gavia melanocephala, Bp. Compt. Rend. 1856, xiii. p. 771. Hab. Mediterranean and Black Sea ; outside the Straits of Gibraltar I observed it, apparently breeding, in the marshes of Huelva; and it regularly ascends the west coast of the Iberian peninsula and of France as far as Bordeaux, as is proved by the specimens annually obtained there. It is therefore not at all astonishing that an immature specimen should have been shot out of a flock of L. ridibundus at Barking Creek in January 1866. This example is in the British Museum. In old birds the primaries are white, excepting a very black streak down the outer web of the first primary only ; but it is not unusual to find birds with the full black hood and white tail indicative of maturity, but with a good deal of black on both the outer and inner webs of the outer five primaries, the black crossing both webs near their extremities and forming a subapical bar. The drawings (fig. 11, p. 199, and fig. 12, p. 201) show the differences between the pattern of the three outer primaries of a bird of the year, shot in March, and that of a L. ridibundus of about ihe same age. 39. LARUS RIDIBUNDUS, Linn. (Fig. 12.) ? Larus cinerarius, Linn. Syst. Nat. i. p. 224 (1766). Larus ridibundus, Linn. Syst. Nat. i. p. 225 (1766) ; Schl. M . P.- Bas, Lari, p. 37 (1863). Larus erythropus, Gm. Syst. Nat. i. p. 597 (1788). Larus cinerarius, Schaff. Mus. Orn. p. 63 (1789); Pall. Z. Rosso-As. ii. p. 326. Larus canescens, Bechst. Orn. Tash. p. 370 (1802). Larus atricilla, Pallas, Zoogr. Rosso-As. ii. p. 324 (1811), nee Linn. Larus neevius, id. torn. cit. p. 327. Larus capistratus, Temm. Man. d'Orn. 2nd ed. pt. ii. p. 785 (1820). Xema ridibundus, Boie, Isis, 1822, p. 563. Xema capistratus, Boie, Isis, 1822, p. 563, et 1844, p. 192. Xema ridibundum, Brehm, Vog. Deutsch. p. 760(1831). Xema pileatum, id. op. cit. p. 761. Xema capistratum, id. op. cit. p. 762. Chroicocephalus capistratus, Eyton, Hist. Rarer Brit. B. p. 63 (1836); Bruch, J. f. Orn. 1853, p. 105. Chroicocephalus ridibundus, Eyton, Cat. Brit. Birds, p. 53 (1836) ; Bruch, J. f. Orn. 1853, p. 105; Swinhoe, P. Z. S. 1871, p. 421 ; David & Oust. Ois. de la Chine, p. 520 (1877). Gavia ridibundus, Bp. Naumannia, 1854, p. 213. Gavia capistratus, Bp. op. cit. p. 213. Chroicocephalus pileatus, Brehm, Naum. 1855, p. 295. Larus brunneicephalus 1, Cassin, Perry's Exp. Japan, ii. p. 233 (1856), clearly this species in winter dress. |
