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Show 1878.] MR. H.SAUNDERS ON THE LARINEE. 183 (1852) ; id. B. Califom. p. 28, pl. 5 ; Scl. & Salv. P. Z. S. 1871, p. 574; iid. Nomencl. Av. Neotrop. p. 148. Adelarus heermanni, Bruch, J. f. Orn. 1853, p. 107, et 1855, p. 279. Leucophceus heermanni, Bp. Naumannia, 1854, p. 211. Blasipus heermanni, Bp. Consp. Av. ii. p. 211 (1857). Larus (Blasipus) heermanni, Coues, B. N.W. Am. p. 641 (1874). Hab. Pacific coast, from Vancouver's Island and California (breeding), down to Panama in winter. The nearest ally of this species is perhaps L. crassirostris of the opposite Asiatic coast and islands; but its red bill and the lead-coloured neck and underparts will always serve to distinguish the adult; in L. crassirostris the neck and underparts are white. 22. LARUS CRASSIROSTRIS, Vieill. Larus crassirostris, Vieill. N. Diet. H. Nat. 2nd ed. p. 508 (1819), ex Krusenstern (Nagasaki, Japan); Schlegel, M. P.-Bas, Lari, p. 8 (1863); Swinh. P.Z.S. 1871, p. 421; David & Oust. Ois. de la Chine, p. 518 (1877). Larus melanurus, Temm. Pl. Col. 77me liv. pl. 459 (1828) ; Temm. & Schl. Faun. Japon. Aves, p. 132, pl. 88 (1850); Taczan. Bull. Soc. Zool. France, i. p. 264 (1876). Adelarus melanurus, Bruch, J. f. Orn. 1853, p. 107, et 1855, p. 279. Blasipus crassirostris, Bp. Naumannia, 1854, p. 211 ; id. Consp. Av. ii. p. 212 (1857). Larus fuscus, Swinhoe, Ibis, 1860, p. 68 (nee Linn.). Hab. Coasts of Japan and China, and large lakes and rivers of latter; breeding in colonies, generally on islands. I have already pointed out roughly the distinctions between this species and L. heermanni ; superficially the present bird is not unlike the adult of L. belcheri; but the mantle is much lighter, and the tail is white with a black bar, whereas in L. belcheri the greater portion of the tail is black. 23. LARUS MODESTUS, Tsch. Larus modestus, Tschudi, Wiegm. Arch. 1843, pt. i. p. 389 ; id. Fauna Peruana, Aves, p. 306 (1845-6), pl. 35 ; Scl. & Salv. P. Z. S. 1871, p. 573 ; id. Nomencl. Av. Neotrop. p. 148 (1873). Larus bridgesi, Fraser, P. Z. S. 1845, p. 16; id. Zool. Typ. t. 69 (1849), type in Brit. Mus. Blasipus bridgesi (Fraser), Bruch, J. f. Orn. 1853, p. 108, et 1855, p. 280 ; Bp. Rev. Zool. 1855, p. 21 ; Consp. Av. ii. p. 212. "Blasipus polios (Natt.)," Bp. Rev. Zool. 1855, p. 21 ; Consp. Av. ii. p. 212 (1857). Leucophaius modestus, G. R. Gray, Hand-1. Birds, m. p. 116 (1871). Hab. Pacific coast of South America, from Callao to Valparaiso, and probably further south. This species, which in its immature plumage bears an indication |
