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Show 1 9 0 5 .] AMPHIBIANS AND REPTILES. 1 9 7 Xocliimilco freshwater, surrounded by meadows, wooded hills with streams. Sierra de Ajusco, volcanic, well-wooded mountains. Contreras, 8090'; Dos Rios, 8800', pines. Orizaba, 4027'; on the east side of the slope of the plateau ; valley with streams, pastures, and rich vegetation, on alluvial and hard-limestone terrain. Thence gradual ascent to the volcano Citlaltepetl; dense mixed forest, oak, arbutus, and pines, about 9000'; giving way entirely to pines. Tree-line about 13,500'; then tussocks of grass. Snow-line about 14,500'. Cordoba, 2700'. Dense tropical vegetation. Thence southwards, through limestone terrain, along the foot of the slopes, which are covered up to the edge with luxurious forests ; eastwards bordered by savannahs. Permanent rivers with high banks ; lagoons in the forests and savannahs. Motzorongo, Presidio, and La Raya, about 1500', in forestland. Tetela, about 900', near the edge of the savannah. Agua fria, 100-200'; lagoons, swamps, and low forest; flat countryy subject to inundations. The Rio Papaloapan, with its many tributaries, carries an enormous volume of thick, yellow water; much of the lower basin is for months under water, only island-like parts standing out, used as refuges, although by no means sanctuaries, by the game and other creatures. Then follows low, undulating, rolling, cattle-grazing land, with sandy subsoil. San Juan Evangelista, 100'. Tropical river-bed through savannahs, bordered by dense lowland forest. Isthmus of Tehuantepec. Eastern slope, dense humid evergreen forest; on the ridge, less than 1000', open country with temporary stagnant lagoons ; on the western slope prevails the dry Pacific type without continuous forests, but with more scattered patches of mostly deciduous trees. Tehuantepec, 120'. Sandy, varied terrain. San Mateo del Mar. Sandy, lagoons connected with the sea. Flat, scanty vegetation except in occasional swamps or near the lagoons, some of which are fringed with dense low brushwood and small trees. Salina Cruz. Porphyritic terrain; hilly, steep coast-range, varied by promontories and fresh- and salt-water lagoons. From Salina Cruz and Tehuantepec northwestwards to Oaxaca. The coast-range, averaging 2000-3000 feet, is covered with pines down to 2000 feet. Tequesixtlan, 560', in a river-valley, shut oft' by the coast-range; varied, rather low vegetation, volcanic alluvial. Thence through mountainous country, across parallel ridges. Hills at first with tropical vegetation ; oak-forests from 3000' upwards, then pines prevailing, but nowhere continuous forests. General character of the country dry, most of the smaller rivers run dry except in the rainy reason. An intricate system of |