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Show 94 MR. K. ANDERSEN ON BATS [May 16, rouxi, is rather considerable (as is also the variation in the external dimensions of this Bat) ; but among 18 skulls of the typical form of rouxi, from localities so many and so distant inter se as to represent practically the whole area covered by this form, I do not find any so small as the largest among 11 skulls of borneensis (and b. spadix) ; in so far there is no difficulty in discriminating them. The tooth-rows, too, in rouxi, are longer. As to the small S. Chinese race of rouxi (described below), the skull has the same length as the largest of borneensis, but the brain-case is decidedly broader, the zygomatic and maxillar width greater. Dentition (19 skulls). p3, most often, quite external (12 skulls); not rarely half in row, or | in row (6 skulls); in one aged individual (teeth much worn) p3 is wanting, on both sides of the mandible, and the alveoli have disappeared. Cingula of p., and p4, most often, in contact or separated by a very narrow, sometimes almost hairfine, interspace (13 skulls); in the remaining (6) individuals, distinctly separated, but the width of the interspace is not always quite the same on both sides of the mandible. The upper canine and pl are, with rare exceptions, distinctly separated, p2 completely in the tooth-row (17 skulls, out of 19), as in all the foregoing species. The size of p2 and, therefore, the width of the interspace between c and p4 vary, however, to a certain extent; but in no instance is the width of the interspace as broad as (p2 as well developed as) in simplex : this is a thing of the past. As to the remaining two skulls (Ceylon, Nepal), the interspace is very narrow, p 1 half external. This is the first time we have to note instances of p2 not being completely in the tooth-row. As a general conclusion :-(1) In Rh. rouxi p3 has arrived so far on its way towards disappearance as to be, generally, external; but still, not rarely, the individual variation falls back to a former stage : p3 partly in the tooth-row; and in some aged individuals the dentition (p3 disappeared) points fonmrds to subsequent stages in the series of evolution : Rh. ferrum-equinum (p3 rather often lost) and Rh. acrotis (p3 always lost). (2) As to p2 in rouxi, it is generally in the row, rarely half external; this latter, again, points forwards towards subsequent stages : thomasi, ferrum-equinum, and acrotis (p2 always external, or lost). Distribution. From S. China through the Himalayas to the Indian Peninsula and Ceylon. Technical name. As Rh. rouxi has for many years been completely confused with Rh. affinis, some remarks are necessary to prove that the name rouxi belongs to the species here under consideration. The type locality of Rh. rouxi is " Calcutta" * ; the types (in the Leiden Museum) were collected by the French naturalist, M. Roux. There is in the Tomes Collection (British Museum) a skin also collected by Roux. The essential points Temminck, Joe. infvu cit., p. 30 c ; Jentink, ( Catalogue syst^matique des Mammiferes/ Mus. d'hist. nat. Pays-Bas, xii. (1888) p. 161 (under Eh. affinis). |