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Show The BRITISH SixBaroR H.E;R B.A L: ES ol The, DIV ah Se 2) ON I. Use N P S 1G thing that can fupport it, § UU. HE floweris papilionaceous, and confifts of four petals: the vexillum is roe broad, andig nipp’d at the top with a point, and turned back : the ale are shores ae of a roundifh figure, and convergent; and the carina is comprefied, fhorter than the alz, and of the form of a half moon. Thecup is formed of a fingle piece, divided at the rim into five {egments; of which the two upper ones are broadeft ; and it remains: with the pod. This is a large and long legume, fomewhat deprefied on the back; andit contains feveral round feeds. The terms ufed in the character of this and the flowers of the fucceeding genera, will be fami- liarly underftood from the defcription of the flower fubjoined for that purpofe to theclaffical character. D LY 1 Sd, O Noad- Buk La 15. Sea-Pea. Pl jo. 7 Pifam multifiorum caule angulato maritimum. The root is long and fpreading, and penetrates to a great,depth: it often runs to five;’fix, or more feet:in length feveral’ ways'at once ;' and is of a whitifh colour, and fweet tafte. The ftalk is flender, weak, angulated, ‘and of a pale green: it ufaally lies upon the ground, and will grow fo to'a yard in length. The leaves are beautifully pinnated : ‘each confifts of fouror five pairs of oval pinne, and is terminated with a branched tendril inftead of an odd Jeaf: ‘and at the bafe of the rib on the mainflalk there “grow a pair of larger leaves, oblong, and pointed at the ends. The flowers grow in clufters, eight or ten together, at the extremities of the ftalks, and on naked footftalks rifing from the bofoms ofthe leaves: they are fmaller than the flowers of the common pea; and are of a pale red, with a tinge of bluifh purple in the middle. The pods are like thofe of the common pea, but fmaller ; and each contains eight or ten feeds, like common peas alfo, but lefs. Tc is a native of our fea-coafts, and flowers in Auguft. Morifon calls it Pi/umfpontaneum perenne repens humile. Ray, Pifum marinum. The peafe of this are as wholefome as thofe of the common kind, and are often eaten by the poor people in places where they growin plenty. This plant had covered the thores of Suffolk unobferved many ages, when, about the prefent oo bit, GC Lz, S. feafon two hundred years ago; fhewed them to our countrymen. neceffity firkt The perfecutions and barbarities. of that’ horrible period, under the aufpices “of Mary, were attended with a year-of dearth: ‘While the clergy, under a cruel- woman, were reviving ili-made laws, and putting what conftruétionthey pleafed upon theftatutes of Richards and of Henrys made under very different circum ftances; the poor, who were facrificed as hereticks in fome places, were perifhing in others by famine. Suffolk lay wafte more than any other county, and the fea-coaft inhabitants were moft necef- fitated of all. d will thus prow-co 3. t: when left unfup- Hunger fhewed them what they had.neglected in their days of plenty ; and they were: fupported by’thoufands upon the fruit of this fea-pea, then ripening in a prodigious abundance. The enthufiafts of that time fuppofedtheplants raifed by miracle ; and our venerable Cambden, unwilling to call in fupernatural powers, folves the difficulty, by imagining they’ rofe from peafe thrown on the fhore from fome wrecked veftl, But there needs not even this far-fetched thought: they were not produced that year; but they had been difregarded before. hey will grow any where on the moft barren beach, penetrating by thofe long roots to. the better foil. This is properly the wild Englifh pea. We have obferved before, that we have in the fame manner a wild Englifh cabbage, whofe place of growth is alfo on the fea coaft; but neither of thefe is the fource of all the cultivated kinds; Thereis an infuperable to s in the feacabbage; and there is a bitte sin thefe peas; which, though hunger can pafs over in coarle mouths, no culture can mend, Dol Viele Theleaves are regularly pinnated: each is compofed of two orthree pairs of pinna, which are roundifh, approaching to oval, of a tender fubftance, and of a greyith green colour. Therib on which thefe ftand is terminated by atendril, inftead of an oddleaf; andat the bafe, where it joins the ftalk, there is a fingle broad leaf. The flowers ftand on long footftalks, and are white, with a fpot of purple in the middle. The pods are Jong andthick, and contain fix, eight, or ten peafe. This is wild in the corn-fields of Italy, and flowers in June. With us itis cultivated. And Bauhine andothers call it Pifum horten/e. The excellency of the feeds of this plant at our tables, have made the gardeners fo induftrious in its culture, that we fee innumerable varieties of it, which are in their way diftinguifhed by particular names, and have been by fome defcribed as fo many fpecies. But they are all variations made by culture. fromthis fingle f{pecies. The field-pea, and the garden-pea, are in every refpect, but what is owing to culture, the fame Gio Bat N $ P.E.C.1LE sg, plant : and in the fame manner the hafive and the rouncival, with all thofe other forts, the names of which are fo numerous, and fo continually increafing, are tobe confidered by the botanifts as varieties of one andthe fame original plant, The following fpecies is truly diftin@. Single-flowered Pea with cornered leaves. Pifum ported, it trails upon the ground, andis lower. BAe Pur The root is compofedoffeveral long ftragglin 5So fibres. Theftalk is weals, flender, branched, and of a pale green: it ufually lays hold of fticks, or any more than a yard in hi HH ARB 060. FORE 1GiN Pifum fativum. LOY Auk Thofe of which one or more fpecies are found naturally wild in this country, Ere od: 1. The CommonPea, Natives of BRITAIN. Ge BR IT! st uniflorum foliis angulatis. DL.4 The root is divided, fpreading, fibrous, and irregular {talks grow to three feet high when fupported. The leaves which ftand on the main ftalks, at the infertion of the pinnated ones, are of an oblong figure, and cornered at the bottom, where they have ufually alfo two or three indentings. Thepinnated leaves confift each of two or three pairs of fmall oval pinnz on a rib, whicharifes from the bofom ofthe cornered leaf, andis terminated by a divided tendril. The flowers ftand fingly on long, flender footftalks rifing from the bofoms of the leaves; and they rge and white, or fometimes of a pale red, a deep purple or blue fpot in the center. The pod is large, and the pea very {weet to the tafte. It is wild among the corn-fields in the warmer parts of Europe, and flowers in June. C. Bauhinecalls it Pifum pulebrumfolio angulofo. The fruits of thefe feveral kinds are all of the fame quality, wholefome as food, but apt to breed wind. U asd I]. Vr CH Li NG. Bia £ JH QoERSOU OS; HEflower is of the papilionaceous form, and is compofed offour petals. The vexillum is very large: its fides and top turn back, andit is nipped at the extremity in a heart-fafhioned manner, The alz are fhort, of the figure of a new moon, and obtufe. The carina is of the length of the alz, but broader, andfplits inwards in the middle. The cup is of the beil-fhape, and is divided into five fegments at the edge: the two upper of thefe are fhorter, and the fingle lower fegment is Be a : very long, ofc a cylindric : ic figure, ff re ¢ refied and pointed i od th longer than the ala. iaThe podis and compreffed :- the feeds are round, but alittle angulated. ‘The ftalks are flatted, and edged with membranes ; and the leaves are compofed only of one pair of pinna. Linnzeus places this among the diadelphia decandria , the threads being in two bodies, nine in one, -it three other genera, diftinguifhed “a8 ‘ ‘ aT rT and one in another, But he nope joins with very evidently by Nature. Thefe are the aphaca, nil and clymenum, to be defcribed hereafter: they agree in the minute parts, by which this author formed his charaéters, with the /athyrus, but not in others. Petey 1 5.1 OUN Bari i T 18 HS PBye dekes, OL, 1. Great, broad-leaved Vetchling. Lathyrus majorlatifolius. AC: Zo. The rootis long, flender, and furnithed with a gteat number of crooked, irregular tating a great wayinto the earth, and fupporting itfelf very firmly. * The ftalks are numerous, flender, and weak; and, if they meet with nothing to fupport them, trail on the ground; but, when they have bufhes for climbing, they grow to four feet high: they are flatted, and as it were jointed, The leaves grow two together, and are long, broad, and ribbed : there grow two flender membranes, |