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Show 34 The BR IT sth Thefe two plants are the only natives of our ) coium; but they are at prefent not muchre. garded, The flowers are celebrated againtt dif. orders of the head and nerves, and not without fome foundation in truth. A conferve of them of fome of the ffacks: thus our people abbreviate the proper expreffions of the kinds. The| is the beft method of taking them. The tops of the plant are faid to be promoters Jatter is plainly of the ftock Julyflower, or, as of the menfes ; and the feeds have been recomit is vulgarly exprefled, the frock kind. mended in paralitick cafes. The common wild wallfloweris beft. reat virtues have beenattributed to the /ex- country ; the firft is the mother plant ofall that variety of walls in our gardens; and the latter DIVISION I. FOREWGNISPECIES; 1. Square-podded Wallflower. Leucoium filiquis quadratis. 7:34n 3 The root is long, thick, and furnifhed with numerous fibres. The firft leaves rife in a large tuft, and are Jong, narrow, of a faint green, and without footftalks. Theftalk is firm, upright, fingle, and fcarce at all branched, and is of a pale colour, and a foot and half high. The leaves are numerous; they are Jong, narrow, hollowed, and have ufually a dented edge: they are fharp-pointed, undivided at the edges, and of a pale green. The flowers are yellow and fragrant, like thofe of the common wallflower, but {maller. The feed-vefiels are fquare, and the feeds are roundedand flat. It is frequent on barren grounds in France and Italy ; and flowers early in fummer. C. Bauhine calls it Leucoium luteum fylveftre anguftifolium. Others, Leucoium fylueftre. Our gardeners, the Upright wallflower. 7é Btn 4 The root is large and fpreading, The flalk, or, as it may be better termed, the main ftem, is round, thick, white, naked for a confiderable height, and from thence upwards divided into numerous branches, and ‘crowded with leaves. The plant grows totwo feet or more in height, and has the afpect ofa little fhrub. The leaves ftand irregularly on it: they are numerous, long, narrow, and hoary; of a pale greyith green, foft to the touch, not at all off at the top: the feeds are {mall and flatted. ; It is a native of Spain, and thence brought into our gardens, where, in this natural ftate, it is called the flock Fulyflower, or fingle flock. Culture doubles ftripes, and enlarges the flowers; andin thefe feveral appearances it is de(cribed by fome, too attentive to frivolous diftin@tions, under the names of fo many diftiné fpecies, As the common Englifh wallflower is the origin of all the wails of our gardens, this Spanifh kind is the fource from whence induftrious art has ced all the double, and otherwife varied ¢ tuft: they are long, narrow, of a pale greyifh lour is a pale green. The leaves ftand alternately, and refemble GE The leaves are numerous, and placed irregularly: they are long, narrow, and ofa greyith colour, hoary, and foft; and they are dentated at the edges. The flowers ftand at the tops oftheftalks in akind of loofe fpikes; and they are fmall, and of a pale purple. The feed-veffels are long, rounded, and fharp at the point. 4: Narrow-leaved fea Stock. Leucoium maritimum foliis anguftis: The root is large and fpreading. The ftalk is thick, upright, and bufhy ; naked toward the lower part, but upwards covered with leaves: its colour is a greyifh white, andits fubftance firm. The leaves ftand irregularly ; and they are narrow, oblong, and fomewhat finuated at the edges: they are foft to the touch, and their co- The feed-veffels are long and large; and the feeds are large and roundifh. It is common about the coafts of Italy, and fometimes is feen far from the fea, boththere and in other warmer parts of Europe. C. Bauhine calls it Leucoium maritimum angufii- folium, Boccone, Leucoium minus lavendule folio obfoleto flore. white. Leucoium Purpureum maritimum minus. The root is long’ and thick, ‘and is furnifhed with many fibres, The leaves that rife firft from it are in a thick cult; The flowers ftand at the tops, and are {mall, andof a pleafing colour, afaint purple, The feed-veffels are long and knotty, oF as ig werejointed. The feeds are oval andvery fmalt. It is a native of the Spanith fea-coaft, and flowers in April. C. Bauhine calls it Leucoium maritimum mini: mum. Tournefort Leucoium vernum Soltis eruca. U 238 Il, VIOLET, the cup is compofed of four narrow-pointed leaves gaping below ; two ofwhichare large at the bafe ; and it falls with the flower: the feed-veffel is long, flender, compreffed, ftriated, and often crooked, or twifted, and fingly pointed; and the feeds are oval and compreffed. Linneus places this among the ¢etradynamia filiquofa, the threads in the flower being fix, four of which are longer than the others; and the feed-veffel a long pod. The Englith name of this genus being much difufed, it will be enqughfor the tudent to know there is fuch a one, and more convenient to ufe the Latin, he/peris. DEV SOc Ne BRITd1 so t 1. Wild Hefperis. Hefperis vulgaris. J7> B40 ¢9 The root is compofed of many. thick fibres. SPE Ct ES: Thefirft leaves are roundifh, but indented for the ftalk, and flightly nicked at the edges: they rife in a clufter, fix or eight together, and have long, flender footftalks. Thefirft leaves are very numerous, long, nar- Theftalk is round, firm, upright, of a yel- row, and of a dufky green: they are sharppointed, fomewhat indented at the edges, and lowifh green, fcarce at all branched, and: threg have fhort footftalks, The ftalk is fingle, upright, firm, and notat all branched, unlefs when luxuriant in the growth, and then only toward the top. Theleaves are broad, fhort, ahd heart-fafhioned, The flowers grow at the tops of the ftalks, The leaves are large and oblong: they are of a deep dufky green, and are broadeft at the bafe, tharp-pointed, and dented at the edges: thofetoward the top of the plant have no footftalks ; and thofe on the lower part have fhort ones. The flowers are large and beautiful: they are of a purplifh colour, fometimes very faint, fometimes deeper, and fometimes altogether white. The feed-veffels are flender and flatted, and often twifted; and the feeds are oval and {mall. It is a native of our northern counties, Cumberland and Weftmoreland ; and flowers in May, C. Bauhine calls it He/peris fylveftris inodora and moft defcribe it under the name of He/peris bortenfis: for there is no fpecifick difference in the two plants. In our gardens, by the affiftance of culture, the flowers become larger, ftriped, and doubled. Our gardeners, not very nice or careful about names, call ir rocket; and in thefe #ppearances the Striped rocket, and Double rocket. The flowers fometimes are 5. Small fea Stock. 995 HE flower is formed of four petals regularly difpofed, and terminated by narrow bates ; It is a native of the coaft of Spain, and flowers C. Bauhinecalls it Lewcoium incanum minus. HERBAL. HESPERTS, Thefeeds are oval and flat. in July. ON DAMES Leucoium minus dentatis foliis. The root is compofed of a few fibres, The ftalk is flender, upright, of a whitith coJour, and a foot high. H thofe from the root: they are long and narrow, and have ufually a fingle indenting, 3. Little Stock with dentatedleaves, lour is a faint green, with a tinge of bluith, or greyith. The flowers are large, and of a deep unplealing purple: they ftand in a kindof loofefpike divided at the edges, and bluntat the points. at the tops of the ftalks, and have very fhort The flowers ftand in a kindof {pikeat the tops . footftalks: the petals are placed regularly, but of the ftalks, and are large and handfome: their they are ufually undulated at the edges. natural colour is a deep purple, and they are fometimes white. The feed-veffel is flatted, and as it were cut (BORAT TS green, and foft to the touch: they have nofootftalks: they are fharp-pointed; and they have each one or two indentings at the edge. Theftalks rife in the centre of this tuft, and are round, weak, and divided into many branches: they are fix or eight inches high, and their co- C. Bauhine calls this Leucoium incano folia hortenfe. Lobel, Viola alba, 2. Common Stock Julyflower, Leucoium incanum vulgare. the: (tH) beR B AGL. 2. Jack by the hedge. Hefperis allium redoleng. x The root is long, whitifh, irregularly con. feet hight. and are much lefs than thofe of the preceding, and of a lovely milk white. The feed-veffel is long and flender; and the feeds are brown. It is common under hedges, and flowers in May. Ray calls it Hefperis allium redolens: Mott others, Alliaria, from its flavour of garlick jn the tafte, and lightly in the fmell, Linneus feparates this from the he/peris kind, and makes it a fpecies of ery/imum, The difference is not very effential ; and, as the plant is known bythis name, we havepreferred keeping it in this place, The garden hefperis, which does not differ from the firft of thefe wild ones, otherwife than by culture, is highly celebrated in. Germany as 4 woundherb. The commonalliaria, \aft defcribed, is eaten by our country people with thejr bread and butter, and is very wholefome, Its juice, taken a fpoonful at a time, is excele lent againft obftruétions of the vifcera: it works by urine, In fome places it is 4 conftant ingredient in clyfters torted, and divided into feveral parts. DIVI- |