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Show Th der various names adapted to the'condition of its growth. 1. Broad-leaved Arabis. Arabis latiore folio. The HERBAL. BRITISH 723Fir 7 G 6. Long-leaved Arabis, The root is long, flender, and creeping. E Net Theroot is long, flender, white, andfurnifhed with numerous fibres. The firft leaves rife in a thick tuft, and are regularly : they are of a fhape approaching to fupported on fhort footftalks : they are long, mofurround they where bafe, the at broadeft oval, derately broad, fharp-pointed, narroweft at the the ftalk, and narrower to the extremity, where bafe, and very irregularly indented about the to foft are they point: fharp a e in terminat they edges. the touch, of a pale green, and ferrated at the The ftalk is round, upright, firm, and not edges. muchbranched. The flowers fland at the tops of the branches The leaves onit in all refpects refemble thofe in little tufts, and they are fmall and white. from the root, but that they are {maller: they The feed-veffels are long and flender : the feeds ftand irregularly : they are of a pale green, and are large and brown. they have fhort footftalks. It is a native of Germany, and otherparts of The flowers ftand at the top in a fmall tuft, Europe, and thrives beft on fhaded hills. It and are large, andof a bright yellow. affumes various fhapes, according to the favourThe feed-veffels are long, flatted, and full of able qualities of the foil and fhelter, fometimes roundifh feeds. lying for the moft part on the ground, and fomeIt is a native of many parts of North America, timesrifing perfectly erect. This, and its other and flowers in July. variations from the fame caufe, have led fome to Plukenetcalls it Eruca bellidis majorisfolio, figure and defcribe it two or three times over un- N U WO LUNA Hf. T IV. open, the lower leaf feparated as it were from the others; and there are three little glandules at the bafes of the three other leaves of the cup. The feed-veffel is long and rounded, and is compofed of two fides, but contains only a fingle cell : the feeds are numerous and round. Linnzus places this among the tetradynamia Jiliquofa, but with fome repugnanceto the characters of that clafs. placed He fays, in the tetradynamia four threads are longer than the reft, and he gives themhere as in the common manner: butheis obliged to acknowledge, that, in one fpecies of this genus, there are twelve threads of equal length, fo that the charaéter of zetradynamia is wanting ; and in another to the the threads grow upon the ftyle: fo that the plant, according to his diftinétions, belongs gynandria; a particular and altogether diftinét clafs. of flowers 5 This fhews that no proper foundation of claffes is to be found in thefe fmall parts genus, for himfelf is obliged to arrange the two plants we here fpeak of as fpecies of the fame claffes. though, according to his fyftem, they belong to two utterly diftinct it cleome. This authoralfo takes away the eftablifhed name of the clafs, and calls Red, five-leayed Sinapiftrum. Fa Tu Sinapiftrum pentaphylleum flore rubente: end, comprefled, and two-edged, andis compofed of two hollow fides: the feed is fingle, andof an oval figure, andlies in the centre of the pod. Fromthe fhortnefs of the pod in this genus fome might befor referring it to the filiculofe plants , This is properly and truly of the filiquofe kind. e af ge eit Linnzus placesi four of the fix threads in the flower being longer places it amongthe tetradynamiafiliquofa, than the other two, and the feed-vefte 7 hav : -vefiel, as we andine its Pee a reguie e obferved, notwithftanding i fhortnefs, : lar pod. The feed-veffel is long and flender, and eafily burfts with atouch, its valves or fides being very pale green. The ftalk is round, weak, redith, and two feet high. The leaves on it have long footftalks, in the fame manner as thofe from the root; and they alfo ftand five together ; and are oblong, narrow, and ofa faint green. in obftructions of the urinary paflages; but they are in this refpect confined to the natural place of the plant’s growth. Wehave it in gardens 5 but its virtues are not regarded. ner: they are narrow, fharp-pointed, and of a rpHe flower is compofed of four petals opening regularly crofs-ways; they are oblong, oval > obtufe, and have very narrow bottoms : the cup is compofed of four little oval leaves, » which whic fpread open; itis coloured, andfalls entire with the flower: the feed-veffel is oblong, blunt at the The flowers grow in a long fpike, with the pods at the topofthe ftalks: they are large, and of a beautiful pale red. weakly joined; the feeds are numerous, large, and roundifh. It is a native of Africa, and flowers in June: C. Bauhine calls it Quinquefolium lupini folie. Others, Simapifirum pentaphyllum. each of thefe, and are difpofed in a fingered man; 8; The feeds are accounted. fovereign remedy but that is not their effential charaéter, as we fhall thew hereafter. Common Woad. The feed-veffels are oblong, and the feed is Tfatis vulgaris. « Se 3 Pree, er The root iis s | long, thick, hick, whitifh, whitifh, “ and fur. nifhed with many fibres, The frft leaves are large, oblong, andbroad : they lie {pread upon the ground, and they are of a bluifh green colour, and firm fubftance. The ftalk rifes in the midft of the tuft, andis round, woody, firm, of a greyifh colour, and four feet high. : The leaves aves ftandthick {tand thickandirree i i are; large Be and oblong ob} : they arecpl broadeon at the bafe, and narrowerall the way to the point; and they are of the far fubft: : s Hihy lubflance, and bluifh green colour, ped ; ane upon numerous, flend er into which the ftalk divid es at its top and theyare {mall andyellow, Zc fingle and large. ; It is a native of the fhores of the Baltic; but is cultivated in fields with us, andthrives very happily. It flowers in Augutft. C. Bauhine calls it [/atis latifolia fativa. This author, and others, defcribe alfo a narrower-leaved woad, which they call the wild kind, as if a diftinct fpecies; but there is no other difference between thefe two plants than whatculture gives. The wild woad, brought into a cultivatedland, will have as large and broad leaves as the others and has arifen from feattered feeds of the manured kind uponlefs favourable foils, The ufe of woad is for dying of wo! cloth. Its natural colour is blue : but it the bafis of feveral others: for me fervice 2 yalt quantity is annually raifed in many parts o England, ; We are no friends to thefe innovations, and have kept things here in their old channel. The firft leaves are numerous, and have long and weak footftalks : they ftand five together on AD. TF Uies {HE flower is compofed of four petals, very fingularly arranged ; they do not expand themfelves crofs-ways, as the others ofthis clafs; but all incline upwards, and fpread out from one another: two of thefe petals are fmaller than the others. The cup is formedof four little leaves fpread Theroot is compofed of many flender fibres. Get HER BeAr, SINALRTSI RUM Arabis longiore folio. The ftalks are numerous, round, upright, hairy, and a foot high: they are of a pale colour, and not muchbranched. The leaves are numerous, and are placed ir- B Rel D StH Th END of te FIFTEENTH C LAA’ S\S. |