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Show e cieloa Lt Th (BRA TTSHeH E RBA BLO common road by.art. mufcovite, the fat or the /ugar-loaf cabbage, he will‘refer themall to the fame comnion ftock, ~The cabbage with a round The’ pleafant tafte and wholefomequalities of the cabbage have introduced it into our gardetis, and recommended it to all. that care under whichit has made thefe various appearances. Eaten moderately, it is perfectly innocent and wholefome; but it will fometimes breed flatu- in root, called the ¢urnip-rooted cabbage, differs nothing but this fwelling of that particular part from the others : and the colerape, which has the fwelling, not in the root below ground, but in the middle of the ftalk, as it is called, above, is jn the fame manner only a variety. Thus the cabbage and. favoy, the drocoli, the GyoE The ~, and the reft, are to be confidered by anift only-as one fpeci:s ; in the cu ure of which he will view with pleafure this furprifing variety of appearances : and, when heenters the ground of a London gardener, and fees the fall ce the fringed cabbage: but the greateft luxurian e of all is the cauliflower # this is-only a botryoid excrefcence of the fame plant. , Thevariationsin the leaves, their form, divifion this and difpofition, are not all we have to namein fund plant, for the root and ftalk afford an ample of her for the fame fportings of Nature, thrutt out lencies. Uietano ard IX. Te) dP. ABIRSI (Fo SHS HUE TRABRA: Ey 241 It is a native of Spain, and flowers in July. C.Bauhine calls it Rapum fativum r and moft others follow him. This author, as well as many others, diftin- farmers have diftinguifhed three or four kinds ; but the botanift is to know thefe are no more than accidental varieties, or the effects of culture, and that the plant is the fame in all, there being but one knownfpecies of what is properly called sur- guifh the long-rooted turnip under the name of a nip. The leaves are numerous and large: they are long, and confiderably broad, deeply and irregularly divided at the edges, and of a yellowifh green colour, and rough to the touch. The ftalk is round, firm, upright, and three The turnip is a wholefome root, ufed more in food than medicine, but not altogether without or four feet high. Theleaves on it are fmaller, andolefs divided than thofe at the root, the upper ones being fimple, and of a heart-fafhioned fhape, without any divifion. The flowers are {mall and yellow: they ftand at the tops of the ftalks many together. The feed-veflél is long, and the feeds are large peculiar fpecies, calling it the Jong turnip, and the female turnip; but it is, as we have already obferved, nothing more than a variety. | virtues in that refpect. The juice of unripe turnips, thatis, {mall green | | ones, with white wine, has fometimes cured | quartan agues. The roots, as eaten at table, are celebrated as antifcorbuticks, if eat frequently, and for a length of time ; and externally they are commended, by | way ofpoultice, boiled foft with bread and milk, againft {wellings of the breatts. and round. RAPU™M. Gu is formed offour HE flower is compofed of four petals, regularly difpofed crofs-ways : the cup feed-veffel is long, leaves, which fpread open, and are of the fame colour with the flower: the He joins, as before obferved, the cabbage and turnip under one commongenus; but the cupfhews BR} £.1S.H I. Rapum napus fylueftris didum. 7735. 8 - others follow him. The root is long, thick, white, and furnifhed with a fewfibres. The firft leaves are long, and moderately broad: they are of a pale green, and are very deeply divided in an irregular manner on the edges. The ftalk is round, firm, upright, of a pale bluifh green, and three feet high. Theleaves ftand irregularly on it, and have no footftalks : they are unlike thofe at the root, broad at the bafe, where they furround or enclofe the ftalk, and fmaller to the point ; fometimes a little divided, but more frequently only wavedat the edges. The flowers ftand at the tops of the ftalks and branches in a kind of tufts: they are fmall, and yellow. The feed-veffel is long, and the feeds are large and round. It is commonon the ditch-banks, and flowers in June; at whichtime it very much refembles It is cultivated alfo in gardens, and thenis called Napus fativa, Navew gentle, and garden-navew 5 but though larger in this condition, it is no other way different. The plant which is cultivated in fome parts of England under the name of rape, and colefeed the figure of the garden-navew, the ficld-culture giving it a middle afpect Between the two. From the feed of this plant is made rape-oil. Thefeeds are alfo ufed in fome of the compound medicines of the fhops; and much learned nonfenfe has been written to fhew, whether the original authors of thofe medicines intended the wild navew feed, or that of the garden-navew. The druggifts mean timeufe turnip-feed for both, and do no harm by the exchange: whetherthey take the rape feed, cole-feed, turnip-feed, or that of wild navew, the difference is little in the fmall proportion they bear to the whole in thofe feveral medicines. F ORIEDGN I. 1. The common Turnip. } Rapum vulgare. 7CES\, 7 4 This plant, though fo common in our fields, as well as gardens, is. not a native of our country. : round. the fix threads that are in the flower Linnaeus places this among the tetradynamia filiquofa ; four of a regular pod. being longer than the other two, and the feed-veffel being it finapis. He diflikes the termination of the old name, and writes DIVTIS TON BRITISH Sinapi vulgare. 2B FO The root is long, flender, white; and hung with many fibres. Theleaves that rife from it are long and large: they are deeply divided at the edges, fo as fome- what to refemble the pinnated form, and they are terminated each by a broad, large, round piece at the end. The ftalk is round, upright, firm, and not high, much branched ; it is two feet and a half and is rough toward the bottom, as are alfo the leaves ; and fmoothat the top. and The leaves are placed irregularly on it, at are, like thofe from the root, long, finuated the edges, ofa pale or yellowith green, and rough to the touch. The flowers are {mall and yellow: they ftand in a kindof fpikes at the tops of the ftalk and branches. AS5P\E:C: IE S. The root is large, thick, and ufually roundifh: but in this refpeét it varies greatly, fometimes being oblong, fometimes very flat, and at others a perfect globe: from this, and from its colour; which is fometimes white, fometimes in part pUr plith, and fometimes yellow, the gardeners the and 1 TL 1. Common Muttard. plant, is this raifed by culture to fomethinglike the t#rnip when in flower. DIVASION. with very fhort, HE flower is compofed of four fhort, roundith petals, expanded crofs-ways, its leaves are narnarrow bottoms: the cup is formed of four leaves, and fpreads wide open; the feedveffel is long and rough, and the membrane flatted : the feeds are numerous and confiderable length beyond the end of the pod, andis large and S.PECTLES. C. Bauhine calls it Nepus fplvafris, and moft i. Wild Navew. S(LLN AsPl the wholefalls|with the flower: row, and hollowed, and its openingis in a crofs form, and that divides it within into two cells ftands out toa very a fufficient difference, as well as the whole plant. DIVISION X. MsU: is2 T “AOR *D: divides the pod, and ucprefled both ways: the feeds are large and round: the membrane, which ftands out ina point at the end. fix, four of Linnzusplaces this among the tefradynamia Siliquofa ; the threads in the flower being which are longer than the other two, and the feed-veffel a regular pod. Uns skis, farmers The feed-veffels are oblong, but not fo long as in moft of the other plants of this clafs; and they ftand upright, and near the ftalk. Thefeeds are numerous and round. Wecultivate this in fields and gardens for the feed; but it is alfo wild in our corn-fields, and in wafte places, Ne 24, SPECIES. This is the plant whofe feeds are the common muftard-feed, much ufed in our kitchens, and fo valuable in medicine. J. Bauhinecalls it Sinapi fativumfiliqua longa glabra femine ruffo five vulgare. vulgare. Others, Sinapt 2. White Muftard. Sinapi album filiqua birfuta. ‘ : : The rootis long, flender, white, and furnifhed with many fibres. The firft leaves rife in a largetuft, and are long, broad, of a yellowifh green, rough to the jagged, touch, and very deeply and irregularly 1 often down tothe rib. The flalk is round, upright, and divided into many branches. The leaves on this are numerous and large : they are rough, and very deeply jagged, and have long footftalks. The flowers are {mall and yellow: they ftand in confiderable numbers at the tops of the branches, and are followed by long; hairy pods. The roughnefs of thefe feed-veflels is not their only diftinétion from thofe of the common muf. tard: they ftand out fromthe ftalk, whereas the as others run almoft parallel with it and they are Qq4a is |
