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Show 238 The BRU TISH 6. Hedge-Muftard. Eruca fylueftris eryfimum valgare difia. The root is long, flender, and. furnifhed with many fibres. The firft leaves are large, numerous, and of a faint, but pale green: they are very deeply divided, in refemblance of the pinnated form, and are cut and jagged alfo on the edges of the fegments. The ftaikis round;. firm, upright, very much bianched, of a pale green, very tough, and a foot. and half high. TOY 2 Oak ON ae Eruca fativa. We have often had occafion to complain of the improper names given by our Englifh gardeners to. the plants brought into their care for their ufe or beauty... In the prefent plant we have a fingu- Tar inftance: they knowit little, and, when they have any acquaintance withit, *tis under the name of racket. “Lhis is only a depraved way of fpeaking the proper word; but that they ufe as the name of a plant altogether different, as we have fhewn already, The common befperis, or dames violet, is what they call rocket. The true garden rocket, here to bé defcribed, is a tall plant, of irregular growth, and no great beauty: it got its place in gardens not as a flower, but ufeful plant. Gre The pods are veryflender, and tick clofe'to thie ftalks. The feeds aré {mall and brown. It is common on dry banks, and flowers in July. C. Bauhine calls it Z Erica birfitta’ filiqua’ caul aia. This f{recies of rocker is:celebrated againft dif. eafes of the lungs. The ‘juice: is excellent in afthmas, and a fyrup made of it in all opp fions andftuffings up of the breaft, a inveterate coughs, The other fpe nature of the garden-rocket, celebrated as a provocative to venery ; but their virtues are inferior to thofe of this cultivated kind. FG Rim VGN 1. Garden-Rocket. The The leaves are placed irregu n it, and refemble thofe’ from the root, be eeply divided, in refemblance of the pinnated form, and the fegments notchedat their eda The flowers.are fmalloand. ye ftand in little tufts at the tops of the br es, and ate but of fhort duration. perience fhews they rife diftinétly from the fepaRaycalls this Barbarea foliis mi ribus et freguentins fin Others, Barbarec pracdx. feparates thefe three: laft plants: from the r{t, under the title of cruce fparim; but as the principal diftinction he! gives!;isoin:the: tatte, there was no occafion’ to treat of ‘ithemdiftinely. He alfo very. properly adds to:them the! plant called hedge-muftard, though commodly joined to the ery/imums, to whichit is lefs like imthe pod. H EIR'B A DL. S P BoC & S. The root is long, flender, hard, and furnifhed with many fibres: the firft leaves are numerous, long, and irregularly divided in the manner, with a great, odd fegment at tl ‘The ftalks até numerous, round, uf a yard high. The leaves on them ftandirregularly, and refemble thofe from the root, but that they are more deeply divided. . The flowers ftand in a loofe fpike, at the top of the ftalks, and are of a faint, yellowith hue, ftreaked with black. The feed-yeffels are long and thick. It is a native of Italy, and flowers in C. Bauhine calls ic Eruca latifolia fa Diofcoridis. Others, Eruca fativa, Eruca bortenfis, and Eruca Romana, NU _§ VIIL. Cra 5s AG E. BRAS SIC A, r pe flower is compofed of four petals, of an oval form, undivided, regularly opening in 4 crofs-like form, as\ih the reft of this clafs, and with flender bottoms: the cup is compofed of four greenifh leaves, and falls with the flower: the feed- veffel is long, rounded, but deprefied each way, and is parted into two:cells by a‘membrane, which is longer than its two fides: the feeds are round; and the leaves are large and flefhy, and of a bluifh green. Linhzts places this among the ¢etradynamia filiquofa; the flower having fix threads, four of which are longer, and two fhorter, and the feed-veffel being a regular pod. He ‘confounds together ‘this and the ¢armip under one common name, making the surdip wines . . : is o rape, and navew, {pecies of cabbage: but in this, as other the like inftances, his attachment to the fmaller parts of the flower leads him to do violence to-nature. The turnip and cabbage, though af ee a ae things, differ in others: the cup of the surnip is opener than that of the ¢ad- age, and yellow ; whereas that of the cabbage is green. The leaves alfo differ, and the root in many inftances in all the whole external face of the plant. This, however he has diftegarded ir, ought to be taken notice of in all diftin@tions. ‘The rape, navew, and turnip, are indeed all evidently of the famekind, as we hall thew ; but they conftitute a genus quite diftin& from the cabbage. 2 Divi. BRA TES Dd NV a18 1.0% Mine de BoB Eid db ke ny Sea-Cabbage. SP.ECEES, Morifon. calls, it Brafica maritima arborea, fea procerior ramofa. Others only, Brafica maritima, Braffica maritima. Lionzus makes it the fame fpecies with the The root is, long, thick, divided, into, many parts, and furnifhed with long fibres. leaves ate large; long, and rounded and they quickly fade. s thick, fpungy,,and, of. a pale ir, rough on the furface, and,often decorated: from the bottom with young fprouts. At the heightof a foot or two above the ground, burft out the principal leaves: they are very, large, long, thick, broad, divided irregularly into a number of rounded fegments at the edges, and terminated by a great, round part at the end: ey are of a greyifh or bluifh green colour, and ery thick fubftance ; and, in the wild ftate, the veins are ufually purple. The main ftalk, from the fame part where s rife, fends out manybranches : thefe er, round, greyifh, aad ufually covered ar with! a dufty fubGance, The leaves om thefe are oblong, but lefs divided than the others. The flowers are confiderably large, andyellow : d the feeds are the pods are long and thick; 2 brown. large, round, and of a deep pur: out our fea-coafts, and flowers It is freq in July: In gardens it grows to a vatt height and bignels. DIVISION E RSRAB ATL. I. common cabbage, but this is one of thofe inftances in which he -has reduced the number atthe expence of Nature’s, diftinfions, E 2. Perfoliate’ Cabbage. he root is long, flender, white, and furnithed with a few fibres. The firft leaves are large, broad, oblong, un- divided, and of a bluith green: The ftalk is round, firm, upright, very much branched, and two feet and a half high. The leaves ftand alternately on it, and at con= fiderable diftances: they are broad and oblong, of a fhape fomewhat inclining to heart-fafhioned; and they furroundthe ftalk at the bafe: they are obtufe atthe end, not at all divided at the edges, and of a bluith green, The flowers ftand at the tops of the branches, and are moderately large’and white. The feed-vefléls are very long, and’ the’ feeds are brown, large, and round. It is wild in our corn-fields, but not common, It flowers in Augutt. C. Bauhine calls it Braffica campeftris perfoliata flore albo ; and moft others follow him. EQ REIGN Garden-Cabbage. Braffiea fativa-vylgaris. We are not to confider in the defeription of this plant the cabdage in its form for the kitchen, thar being no mofe than a convolution of its leaves over one another; but, confidering the herb in the fame light with others, as confifting, when perfect, of root, ftalk, leaves, and flowers, and feeds, it is fo to be defcribed, as a cabd ge-plant goneto feed. The root is compofedof a multitude of crooked 1 to an oblong body. fibres, con The main ftem is round, thick, rough, and of a whitith colour; this is of a middle nature between a ftalk and aroot: it is not hard as a ftalk, but tender as a'root, and may be properly enough called a part of the root rifing above the ground. The leaves ftand in aclufter at the top of this, and are very large, andof a bluith green: they are roundedat the extremity : they have fome dibafe when they grow freely, vifions toward the and they are of a very thick and Aefhy fubftanc The flalk rifes in the center of thefe, and is branched, and four feer high. round, upright, on this are oblong, and blunt at the The | end, of the fame flefhy fubftance, and of the fame pale green with the others. CBS Braffica fylueftris perfoliata flore albos »S:P BCTLE Ss. The flowers are {mall and yellow, and they ftand in a kind of fpikes at the tops of the ftalks. : The feed-veffels are long, and the feeds are large, round; and of a purplifh brown, It is a native of Italy, and flowersin July. In the wild ftate it is fmaller, and has more leaves on the flowering ftalk; but there is no other difference. Thofe who have feen fpecimeng of this can never fuppofe, either that it is the fame with the Englith fea-cabbage, or that the latter is the original plant of the cabbage kind, for it is plainly this. Such is the appearance of the plant which affords us the cabbage for our tables; when growing freely in gardens, and running uptofeed its own way; or when wild in the fields of Italy: but from this fingle plant the induftry and {kill of the gardeners in preceding ages haye furnifhed us with a vat variety of kinds. The round and oblong cabbages, diftinguifhed by modern gardeners under various names, are the plaineft and eafieft products. The curled cabbage, and what we call the jagged or ragged cabbage, proceed from the fame ftock. The red, the white, the purple, and the green cabbages, are only warieties of the fame. The ragged, red, andthe parfley-leaved cabbage, all enumerated by C. Bauhine and others, are luxuriances of nature in the fame kind; asis alfo the |