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Show <p . Th BRITISH HERBAL 328 footThe leaves ftand on thorny and long the ftalks: they are large, and deeply finuated at thorns on edges, and have alfo numerous fharp their ribs. Thecolour is a deep green. the The fowers are numerous: they ftand at and are tops of the ftalks on flender pedicles, fine blue. deeply divided into fegnients, and of a The fruit is round, and, whenripe, black. Ir is a native of America, and flowers in July. Plukenet calls it Solanum annuum nigricans Virginianum [pinofiffimum flore ceru The The flowers ftand on long footftalks, fome: times fingly, fometimes many together : they are arge, Thefruit is large ar ees and of a fky-blue. BY round, and black. It is a native of manyparts of the Eaft, and flowersin July. Plukenet cal s it Solanum pomiferum frutefcens officinarum Spinofim nigricans boraginis flore foliis profunde laciniatis. It is called apples of Sodom from the place. The flowers ftand on fingle foottta from the bofoms of the leaves; andthey are and confpicuous : they are hollow, and of a deep, but not fhining purple colour. The berry is large,-round, and black: itthas a tempting look, and many have been by that led to eat of it to their deftruction. rows in the neighbourhood: of towns and on grounc e there has fallen’ ma+ ; but it fhouldbe rooted out wherever found, for children have been often deftroyed by it. “It flowers in July. C. Bauhine calls it The fruit has a tempting ; but, when chewed, the tafté is very difagreeable, 7. Prickly Nightfhade with {mooth cups. i g- Bahama Nighthhade. Solanum Jpinofum calycibus levibus. (thf, The root is compofed of numerous, fpreading fibres. The ftalk is firm, upright, prickly, and not muchbranched: the thorns are ftiff, and very fharp; and they ftand ftrait. The leaves are long, and confiderably broad: they have fhort footftalks, they are deeply fi- nuated at the edges, and they have fome prickles on them. The flowers ftand on long, flender, prickly footftalks ; and they are large and blue. The berries are round, black, andgloffy. It is a native of the warmer parts of America Afia, and and Afia, ar flowers in Julyy‘ Dillenius calls iit Solanum Indicum fpinofumflore ginis. boraginis. g. Apple of Sodom. 7 a7 10 Solanum fpinis recurvis flore carileo. The root is long, thick, and furnifhed with many fibres. Theftalks are numerous, upright, branched, of a pale yellowifh brown colour, and woody fubftance, and four feet high: they are armed with umanguftifolium 7 Cz 4 poll numerous. The leaves are numerous, long, narrow, of 4 beautiful green, and fixed on fhort footftalks: they are very lightly waved on the edges, and they have prickles along the middle rib. The flo are | and beautiful: they are of a fine { lue, with a tinge of purple; and have yellow buttons in the centre. e : s The berries are {mall, round, andblack. » R : % It jis Aoaye of the Bahama iflands, flowers in Auguft. nius calls it Sola el lis: 1 i is, t not thinking of the caufe, fet down to PE He drank greedily, but could: { {wallow any thing: folid. He went'to bed, and prefently grew worfe. He complained of a) dreadful pain im the breaft, and difficulty of breathing. It. was about five in the afternoonhé eat theberries. Thefe fymptoms eame on between ten and eleven at night; and at and The qualities of thefe foreign mightfhades are Dib Vel SLO Ngai not perfectly known; but, upon the whole, this genus has a much worfe charaéter thanit deferves. Nigbt/hade in general is accounted poifonous; but, as we have fhown withrefpe@ to moft of fhort and robuft prickles, which bend fomewhat| the fpecies, there is little reafon for fucha cha- downwards. The leaves are long, and confiderably broad: they have very fhort footftalks; and they are deeply divided at the edges in the pinnated form: they ate of a dark green; and they have alfo raéter. The opinion feems to have arifen from Confounding the plant next to be defcribed under the fame name. That is indeed poifonous ; and having, by 4 latitude of {peech, been called nightfoade, all the prickles on them. The works of medical authors abound with inftacés of its effeéts, and hiftoriés of thofé who: have perifhed by it; and experience from’ time to time fhews they have told truth. I faw one unhappy inftance in thei year 1743: a labourer found it-in the patk’ of) a) not where he was repairing the: pales s;and ~he: eat heartily of the berries, and gave fome:to his:chil« dren, The fymptoms c manner, The root is compofed of numerous, thickfibres, The ftalk is woody, firm, upright, not much branched, andfive or fix feet high: it is armed with thorns ; but they are fhort, and not very ative ck LU. Belladona XI. G. and u ul 1 hgs. would eturn for a mo. tely, and ev ry reign to que one born an: idiot. All thistime he was.a with a-moftp ful: and violent, ftrangurys by. degrees. this went off, and: he recovered hout the: help of medicinesy »Before-th hecary could be had, he was growing better; and he not knowing what to advife,. left, the family to. their own mandgement. Theechildren :both di¢d:in the: courfe of the nighe 43 and! ‘he, when -perféctly. recovered, and queftioned: about.\the nature of the cafe, “an{wered,. that he had been in the condition of one very drunk 5: but faw and underftoodall that was doing even when he anfwered in the wildeft manner. This I ha n3; and what is recorded by medical writers agrees well wi Indeedno clafs hful. We read ate of mad. have recoly provedfatal. Thofe grown perfor ave éd by it, have generally died within twelve ‘hours from the eating. 1S P.B CoE E:S, The flowers’are large; and of a fine violet-colour: they are placed fingly'on fhort footftalks from'the bofoms of the leaves. The fruit isa large berry, placed in the cups which is alfo large, and in a manner clofes over it, It is a native of Peru, and flowers in Auguft. Juffieu calls it Alkakengi flore amplo violaceo ; but it is truly of this kind, Wea 2S XIE. ARUM. BRIT 1.8:HiccSieP Bic 1 Bs, 7 pandora an 529 ng them, o ; > he fell Once in a quar- CuC ROW PINT. HE flower is formed ofa fingle petal, and is deep, hollowed, and very lightly divided into five ‘ fegments at theedge. The cup is made of a fingle piece, divided into five equal fegments ; and it remains when the flower is fallen. Thefruit is a round berry, placed in the cup. The feeds are kidney-fhaped. Linnzus places it among the pentandria monogynia; the threads in the flower being five, and the ftyle from the rudiment of the fruit fingle. He takes the received name from the plant, and calls it atropa. Theroot is long, large, and creeping. The ftalks are numerous, firm, upright, ter of EO (RE: b GN, The root is compofed of numerous, thick fibres. The ftalle is round, firm, upright, and of,,a brownifh colour, not much branched, but full of leayes: thefe are oblong, and of a deep green, not dented at the edges, but fharp-pointed: they have hort footftafks, and a rim of the leaf runs down them. BELLADON A. Deadly Nightfhade. Belladona diéia folanum Lethale. 7 4z2\ twelve, feven hours ft into the moft dreadfu magno DEADLY NIGHTSHADE, DLV 1 SiON... (Hr & B Asi Large violet-flowered Deadly Ni | reft have been fuppofed of the fame qualities. Ge BR I'TI Si branched: their colour is brown toward the bot tom, and higher upa pale green. The leaves are numerous, very large, and of 4 fine ftrong green’: they are long and broad, pointed at the ends, but not indented at the edges. The a "PHere is not in all the round of Nature a genus fo fingular as this, nor any about which fyftemmakers have had more trouble, none knowing where to place it: yet had they followed the obvious character imprefied by. Nature in the fruit, the confufion had been avoided’; for whatever difputes mayhave arifen from the fingularity of the flower, the fruit is a berry: that admits ne doubts and that places it in this clafs. The flowerhas no petals, but numerous threads. The cupis formedof a fingle leaf; andis large, hollow, upright, pointed at the top, and coloured within: it falls with the flower. The fruit is a clufter of round berries. The feeds are numerous and roundifh. The leaves are undivided. This is a charaéter of the genus comprifed ina few words; yet punctual, particular, and above exception. It plainly diftin; uifhes the arwm from all other plants, even from two genera nearly allied to it, and to be defcribed hereafter, arifarum and dragons. Linnzeus feparates it from the generality of the other berry-bearing plants, placingit among, the &ynandria polyandria; the ftamina being numerous, and fixed to the piftil of the flower. Hejoins the Grifarum and dracontium with it. N¢ XXXII, 4P DIVI- |