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Show Thee BoRe IL-1 6na RBA A-L, ee BRITISH DL Velss tO Neat Amongft thefe rife fe 1. CommonViolet. al fmall ftalks, which take root where they touch the ground, but grow Viola purpurea % ulgaris. up from it to two or three inches in height, and The root is long, flender, crooked, andfurnifhed with numerous fibres. The leaves are large, and they rife manytoether from the head of the root, and with them rite feveral flender ftalks, that, lying upon the ground, take root, and fpread the plant abundantly. The leaves are broad, fhort, and roundifh, but heart-fafhioned at the bafe: they are of a deep green, flightly crenated at the edges, and fupported on long, flender footftalks. Among thefe rife numerous, flender, weak, and naked ftalks; on each of which ftands a fingle flower. This is large, of a deep, beautiful blue, and of an extremely {weet fmell. The feed vefiel is large, and the feeds are numerous andoval. It is commonunder hedges, and flowers early in fpring. C. Bauhine calls it 77 ia purpurea flore Simplici odoro. Others, Viola nigra vel purpurea, and Viola martia fimplex. This is the fpecies whofe flowers ufed, and no other: they are cooling, and gently cathartick; as they lofe a of their virtue in drying, and are not ,SPECHIES. fhould be emollient, great part to be had frefh, except in fpring, the beft method of ufing them is in the form of a fyrup. This, when carefully made, is very pleafant, and has all the virtues of the flowers. It is excellent, mixed with oil, to keep children open; and, in the fame form, it may be given with great fuccefs againft habitual coftivenefs in grown perfons ; taking a {mall dofe every night. It is alfo good in coughs and hoarfeneffes. The feeds, dried and powdered, work gently by ftool and urine. They are excellent in the avel, andin nephritick complaints in general. The leaves are emollient, and ufed in decoc- tions for glyfters. Too large a dofe ofthe feeds will occafion vomiting. Many authors have defcribed what theycall whit od violet as a diftine& {pecies from the common; but this is an error. We fee plants w hofe flowers, though naturally cowill become white when theyare ftarved; s the cafe in the white violet: its feeds will raife D/ue violets, in a garden. have manyleaves on them, like thofe from the root, but fmaller. The flowers ftand fingly on long, fender footfe from the root, or from thofe which have taken root: fomelittle films upon t yperly fo called. but no Jeaves The flower refembles that of the common but it is fmaller, of a pe blue, and has fmell. It is common und hedges, and flowers ir April. C. Ba Others, 7 This is they have ufual as the other ; and fome havedefcribed it in that warf Violet with a yellowfpur. Viola pun ari luteo. The root is fmall, oblong, anddivided, has numerous, flender fibres. The leaves that rife firft from it have fhort footftalks: they are fmall, rounded, and ofa duiky-green ; very flightly f{nip’d at the edges, and fcarce at all cordated at the-bafe: this form they conftantly keep, and the fpecies is therefore plainly diftinét. The ftalk is flender, upright, and ofa pale green; and at the top fuftains a fingle’ flower: this is large in proportion to the plant, a a beautiful deep blue, with a yellowfpur | Vhe feed-vefiel is oval, and the feeds merous andalfo oval. It is not uncommonin Surryand Si flowers in April. Ray calls it Vicla canina minor Luteo. 4. Round fmooth-le Viola foliis rotundioribus elab The root is long, flender, and furr numerous fibres. The leaves rife in a confiderable tu are fhorter thanin the preceding f tufe at the ends; fo that they appear p roundifh: they are of a deep green colour. , and pert fmooth. The flowers ftand on fingle footftalks, la foliis oblongis cau efcens. Bn The root is very long, flender, d ided, and furnifhed with long, crookedfibres. he firft leaves are numerous, andof a dufky en: they are fupported on long, flender footftalks, and are fmaller than thofe of the common et, and narrowerin proportion to the | ength: onednedat at the the bak i they are he bafe, and notched round the ec five or fix inches they are ofa pale blue, of the mon violet, but very fmall, and wholly The feed-veffel is {mall and ova ; and the feeds are {mall. It was obferved firft in Oxfordthire, but it grows all over the north of England onboggy grounds. It flowers in June. 7 a Dr. Plot, who firft defcribed the fpecies, calls it Viola paluftris rotundifolia glabra. HE R 8B Adz. plant! obrainedits° Latin name -of 7 Barf and its Engliftope of shrée-/ The feed-veffdl -is The rootis a’ clufter of innumerable, flender feeds ar e nume It is found fibres. reat tuft: they have-fhort The leaves . Short-leaved Violet with ftriated flowers. Viola folii and weak footitalks U wibus friatis. PL d many of them lie upon the ground: they are ro indifh, but heart-fafhioned at the bafe, and fomewhat pointed at the end; of a pale green, hairy, andfoft to the tou The flowers ftand on very thort footftalks, and are fmaller by much than in the common violet : they are of a faint red, beautifully ftreaked with a deep purple, The feed-veffel, is oblong, and the feeds are very numerous. It is frequent in the northern parts of England under damp hedgesg It flowers in May. Raycalls it Viola 7 ftriata ebora, name given by Parkinfon, who firft received ts wild ftate it is Frequently there are on but thofe are’bright and ftrik ther wild fpecies, to be deferik two faint colours, is difti confounded with this. Ra J. Bauhine, 8. Small-flowered Panfy, Viola bicolor it from Yorkhhire, ftate as a diftinct f{pecies. are weak, flender, and: 2. Dogs Violet. BREE TITS I 6. Great hairy Violet with ftriated flowers. Viola major k Hloribus ftriati The root is long, thick, hard, and woody. The leaves rife from its head, four or five together, and are very hairy, of a pale green, oblong, “heart-fafhioned, and notched at the edges; and they have yery! | whitifh, hairy foot: ftalks. Thefe and the flower-ftalks are all that rife from the root; for it does’ not fend out any hanging fhoots that take root, as’ the ¢ on violet; nor any of thofe leafy ftalks that are in the common dog The footftalks which fupport the flowers are fhort and thick. “he flowers are large, but ofa faint pale ftreaked with white. The feed-veffel is Jarge and fhort; and the feeds are very numerous, It is frequent under hedges, and flowers. in June. Raycalls it Viola t i hirfutai 4. Merri tyachelii ferotina. 7. Panfy, or Hearts-eafe, FA tricolor eka Sate Viola major. The root is long, flender, divided, and full of fibres. The ftalks are numerous, weak, andof a faint pread every way upon the ground, t raife themfelves up for flowering: < or eight inches long, and branched. sare fhort, roundifh, and light! which grows on the lower p: f but many of the others are e very beautiful; urple and they are d ct The root is a tuft of flenderfibres. The firft leaves are roundifh, and fharply. ferrated at the ec The ftalksare flender, upright, and. weak 5 and theyare very little branc they are of a pale yellow colour, and fix oreigt hes-high, The leaves that narrow, and very deeply divided : theyar pale green; thin, and tender. The flowers are numerous andfmall, and they have -very. little beauty, andvare! generally va ated only with white and a dead yellow, Is are {mall and roundilh 5 and the feeds are very minute, It is common in corn-fields throughoyt the kingdom;. and flowers in June, C.Bauhine calls it Viola bico g. Great-flowered yellow. Panfy, Viela lus Theroot is long, ender, and furnithed reat numberof fibres. The firft leayes are oblong, broad, all divided at. the ed it they though not uni appendages, like ears, at tl I Iks are flender, weak, inches high, The Icaves on them are partly d and partly whole, in the manner o the root d they are d |
