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Show 286 . The BRITISH HE RBAL The pods are long at nd are {mall and round. We have this elegant thickets in many parts of commonlike the former. flender, and the feeds : plant in woods anc England, though not It flowers in Auguit. hora Maxima are eaten bywildbirds, and | s, and other of the ; ould ferve as | for the feeding fome domeftic | are not cultivated for fuch purpofe, not | they are not worthy, but becaufe « bea Many of thefe are be | ufe. | would be moreferviceable than the « or other ufual kinds. FOREIGN SPECIES, The whole pinnated leaf is terminated bya Thick-podded, broad-lea Cracca latifolia f Ei i RB ACL, but this is not confl “és craffis. DOA bo 5\| flight tendril; kinc ed with The root is thick, long, and furnifh numerous fibres. Theftalks are many, firm, of a dufky colour, and branched. The leaves are beautifully pinnated: they are compofed each of eight or more pairs of pinnz; andthefe are broad, fhort, very obtufe, and have a kind of thread at their end, whichis a continuation ofthe middle rib beyond the verge ofthe leaf. GFE Bee? | fo important to this fhrubby which are weaker. The flowers are {mall and purple : in long fpikes, in the mannerof thof mon Englifh many-flowered kind ; a a long, general footftalk, and each {mall feparate one, by which it is connecte The pods are broad, fhort, and {mooth: are round, large, and not numerous, feeds native of the Eatt. It is Burmancalls it Vicia m U N Bak PLA VII. AUN, B dented with a point at the top, and turned backat the fides; and it has a long he tom. The ale are fhorter than the vexillum; andare ftrait, andalittle heart-fafhioned. tina is fhorter than the ale, andis flatted, and half round. The cup is compofed ofa picce, dividedintofive irregular fegments at the edge, the two upper ones fhorter than the reft, convergent. The pod is very large, thick, and fomewhat flatted: the feeds are few, | flatted alfo. “Theftalks are fquare 3. and the leaves, though pinnated, have no tendrils. Linnzusplaces this among the diadelphia decandria , the threads in the flower being ten, and formed into two affortments; nine in one, and the other fingle. This author takes away the name and generical diftinction of this kind, and makes the bean to bea fpecies of yetch. Wehave obfervedalready, that the form of the feed-veffel aad feeds is a fuficient diftintion for the bean from the vetch as a genus; andthe fhapeof the ftalk, and ftructure of the leaves, confirms that diftinétion, and renders it perfectly obvious. 1, The Horfe-Bean. i Bik IT 1S’ PLD, h. a Faba vulgaris frufiu minore. The rootis long, flender, and furnifhed with a great number offibres. The ftalk is fquare;, upright, thick, hollow, not at all branched, and ofa pale green. The leaves are very large, and pinnated : each is compofed ofthree or four pairs of pinne, with an odd one at the end. In the pinnated leaves.ofall the preceding kinds, a tendril has the place of this fingle or odd pinna, whichis the provifion of nature for holding them up by climbing,the plants themfelves being weak; but in the bean this affiftance being not necef fary, the leaves are completed. without it. The flowers rife in the bofoms of the leaves, and are fupported on fhort footitalks: they are white, with a large quantity of black, by way of variegation, and many black freaks or lines: 2 Many have written ag: declaring them flatulent, difficult of digeftion, and bad for name of the head : but nothing can be more idle than this from th learned preaching againft a pulfe in common ufe that ¢ as food for ourtelves and our cattle, and found other kinds. The truth fs, 2 upon repeated experience wholefome to both. {pring of induftry and goodculture : Pythagoras is quoted with a moft reverend bean is no more than the proved ignorance by thofe who write againft the eating from time to time by careful management; and of them. He indeed direétedhis pupils abftain all the others gain the fame kind of variafrom dea but this not becaufe they were bad tions fromthat. for the head, as Solinus thinks; nor becaufe the In atreatife of gardening, it wouldbe properto enumerate and diftinguith thefe f varieties : fouls of the dead pa into them, as Pliny in botanyis to knowthere is but one dreamed. Plutarch might have fet thofe later but theftud The plantis the fame inftalk, leaf, commentators right, who have made fo many s ofbea wild conjectures about this fhort precept, the flox and fruit, the fize and the degree of flatmeaning of which was, Meddle not in partynefs only excepted ; andits ufes and qualities are matters. The antients eleéted their officers by the fame, whether it be takenfromthe field or the ballot, and beans were the balls. : rden, or whetherit flower in May or Auguft. It is fuppofed the bean of the antients was not The bean, like the pea, is a very wholefome the fame with ours, and manygueffes as wild and food ; but it alfo ferves the purpofes of medicine, unnatural have been made onthat head as the The whole dean, ground to flour withits fhell, ) way of medicine, is found | former. The reafon of the fuppofition is, that and taker | they always {peak ofthe dried dean as being round, to be an aftringent ofa ufeful kind. Diarrh The art of our gardeners has flatted out the Windf the worit fort, and even dyfenteries, h been cured by it. It is alfo good againft the for bean: they lived before this improvement of the bean was introduced ; and we {fee in the dry diabetes. fmall deans of the fame kind, a fhape which in A pultice ofbeanf ally is ufedin {welgeneral terms might not abfurdly or unnaturally lings ; and the infide ofthe freth fhells rubbed on be called round. The plant was beyond doubt warts will take them off. The fame method of ‘ the fame. ufing themwill alfo take {pots off the face. A. ll HE flower is papilionaceous, and regularly formedoffour petals. The vexillum i DAY is 1.ON 2 S-Poh Cab S: MS shia any plant of them we fee with a wild afpett have not arifen from feeds cafually dropped. Thofe who donot allow the bean to be a native wild plant with us, know not what other country to affign as its original place of growth; for ia moft others the cafe flands exactly as with us. Probably it is commonto many places, Nat having made things, fo ufeful in moft inftances, in a manner univerfal. C. Bauhinecalls it Faba, and Fa Equina, Others, Fabaminor, fylveftri Authors Wir 68 GLY C.inR R814 A. “4 HE, floweris papilionaceous, and compofed of four petals. The vexillum is oblong, ftrait, ‘I and fmalle(t at the top. The alz are oblong, and of a plain, fimple ftrudture. The carinais fharp, andis fplit all the way up; and it is of the fame fize with the ale. The cup is formed of a fingle hollow piece, divided rudely into two lips at the edge: the upperlip is brokeinto three parts of which the middle one is fhorter and broader than the others, and is fplit at the end: the lower lipis ftrait, narrow, and of a fimple ftruéture. The pod is oblong, compreffed, and acute: the feeds are few, and ofa kidney-like thape. Linnzus laces this among the diadelphia decandria ; the threads in the flower being ten, and ar. ranged in twoparcels, nine in one, anda fingle one in the other. DIV 1 sion upon the whole, they are beautiful, and they have a very fragrant fmell. Thepodsare very large, and thefeeds alfolarge: We find the hor/e-bean very. fmall in places temote from all habitations, which feems to declare it a native of our country. But, in refpect of plants whofe utility has rendered themforages the fubjets of the gardener’s and hufbandman’s labours, it is hard to fay with certainty, whether «aN LIQUORICE. Boke Wel See SPE CLES: 2. The pods are oblong, flender, and of a pale CommonLiquorice. GCL ie a green: the feeds are large and brown. Gheyrrbiza vulgaris filiquis glabris. Ic is faid to have been found wild in the norThe root is very long and creeping; of the thern parts of the kingdom: but, like other thicknels of a finger, and of a tender, juicy fubplants frequently and commonly cultivated in our ftance: it is of a dufky brown on the outfide, of fields, it is not eafy to fay whether it be truly a a fine yellow within, andofa fweet tafte. native or not: probably enoughit may befo; for The ftalk is round, firm, upright, not much it is evidently wild in other countries, in which branched, and fourfeet high. the degrees of heat and cold are about equal to The leaves are long, large, and regularly pinthis. nated: each is compofed ofeight or more pairs It flowers in September; but with us it does of pinne; and thefe are oblong, narrow, and not produce its flowers and fruit fo freely as in pointed at the ends, and ofa pale green: they fome other places. Indeed Nature has made fo refemble the leaves of the afh-tree, but are goodaprovifion for the multiplying this plant by fnaller. root, that it no where ripens its feeds in fuch The flowers grow on long and flender footabundance as thofe that can only be propagated ftalks rifing from the bofoms of the leaves, fevethat way. ae ral on each: they are fmall and bluifh. , Bawhing |
