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Show Th HERBAL BRITISH The root is long, thick, white, and divided. The ftalks are numerous, round, jointed, ufually crooked from joint to joint; and ofa pale i greencolour. The leaves ftand two at each joint; and they are oblong, broad, and of a frefh green: they fometimes ftand obliquely upwards, but for the moft part bend down. The flowers are moderately large, and naturally are white or redifh ; but culture gives them many variations in this refpect: they ftand in large tufts at the tops of the ftalks: the fcales at the bottom of the cup are as long as its hollow body ; and the feed-veffels are oblong, and contain numerous dufky feeds. It is a native of Spain, and flowers in AuguttC. Bauhine calls it Caryophyllus barbatus fylveftris, latifolius. 4. Narrow-leaved Sweetwilliam. The leaves ftand in pairs, and they are long and narrow, and of a pale green. The flowers ftand at the topsofthe ftalks, and are numerous, and moderatelylarge. fromtheplant, and thence it had thefe fanciful additions to its name; but it is in reality tke creature’s methodof fecreting orpreferving itfelf from many infects, to which it would otherwife becomean eafy prey. with red and white flowers. The feed-veflel is longifh, and the feeds are Itis a native of Italy, and flowers in Auguft. C. Bauhinecalls it Caryophyllus bortenfis latifolius Larbatus. But its leaves are much narrower than thofe of the others. All thefe fpecies of caryopbyllus have the fame medicinal qualities, and their virtue is principally in the flowers. Thofe of the purple kind, or what is called the clove Fulyflower, poflefs them in the greateft degree. They are cordial and cephalick. They are good in faintings, head-achs, and other nervous diforders. We keep a fyrup of themin the fhops, which is not without vir. tue, but is loaded with fugar, as is neceffary for keeping in that form. The beft methodof giv- The root is long, white, flender, and divided. CAM P Live A Un II. fT, Mr. Ray very properly obferves that its leaves Nil 5, perly a campion, though fo very different in its afpect from the generality of others, that it is BRITISH lum, nor its flowers of thofe of Leath: it is pro- SPECIES: 1. Common Sea Campion, 2. Common. white Corn Campion. Lychnis maritima vulgaris. Lychnis vulgaris alba que Beben album vulgo. This root is long, thick, and furnifhed with many fibres. The firft fhoots are numerous, and cluftered with leaves: they are fhort, and of a greyifh gteen, and hoary. The ftalks are round, fmooth, of-a greyith green, numerous, a foot and half long, bur weak, and not well able to keep themfelyes upright; often they all lie fpread upon the ground; fometimes they all ftand ere¢ct, The leaves are oblong, broad at. the. bale, fharpat the point, and of. a pale green, The flowers, ftand at the tops of: the ftalks and branches; and are large and-white: their cup. is fwelled, and dented.at the edge pretty deeply. The feed-veffel is large ands ovals and’ the feeds, are/numerous and-roundifh. It.is common about our fea-coafts; and flowers in July. C. Bauhine calls it Lychnis maritina repens, The root is long, hard, woody, and furnifhed with long and tough fibres. The ftalks are numerous, round, weak, procumbent, and jointed: they are naturally of a pale green, but frequentlyredifh. The leaves are numerous, andplacedin pairs: they are very fingular in theirftructure, and have fome remote refemblance of thofe of the commonheath. The flowers grow at the ends of the ftalks and branches; and are large, and of a bright red. The feed-veffels are large and oval; and the feeds are numerous and turgid. It is found on fandy banks by the fea, and fometimes at confiderable diftances from it. It flowers in June. C. Bauhine calls it Polygonum maritimum minus folio ferpylli; and Parkinfon, Erica fupina maritima Anglica. have notthe leaft refemblance of thofe of ferpy/. fegments at the rim; the cup is roundih, fwelled, and divided at the edge into five fegments; and the feed-vefiel is fingle, of an oval figure covered, formed of five valves, and has only onecell. Linnzus places this among the decandria pentagynia; the filaments in the flower being ten, and the ftyles rifing from the rudiment’of thefruit five, The root’ islong, white, and thick; and. is furnifhed with many thick fibres: The: ftalks are numerous, round, upright, confiderably branched, and two: feet high. “ _ phe leaves ftand in pairs, and are large, and Ota pale green: they are broad at the bafe, not at all indented:at the edges, and fharp-pointed. : Theflowers ftand at the tops of the branches, into which the ftalk divides, and of thofe fhoots which rife from the bofoms of the upperleaves: they. are large and. white. The feed-veffel is oval, and the feeds are large. : Tt is;common in our corn fields, and flowers in Auguft. C.Bauhine calls it Lychnis filvefris qua ben album vulgo. Others, Beben album, and papaver Spumeum. In Englith: it is alfo called, f that Latin name, Spatling poppy, as alfo White bottle, and White ben. A fimall infec is frequently found upon the 6 leaves 5. Wild Campion, called Soapwort. Lychnis maritima erica folio. InN. HE flower is compofed of five petals, with long bafes, and ufually divided into two or fou PP Pst ON This has been imagined to proceed 3. Heath-leaved Sea Campion, numerous, rough, and black. Caryophyllus barbatus anguftifolius. "2%, py ing themis in a ftrong tindture in brandy. GoBoON own raifing. not a wonder thofe who were accuftomed to judge, more by the general appearance of a plant than by an examination of its flowers andfeed-veffels, called it by very different and various names. 4. Jagged-flowered Campion. The root is long, thick, divided, and furnifhed with numerous fibres. The firft fhoots are weak and round, ufually of a redifh colour: they lie ‘upon the ground, and fend out roots oftheir own. The leaves that rife fromthefe are fingle, oblong, broadeft in the middle, undivided at the edges, and fharp pointed; and they are com- monly of a brown.colour. The ftalks are numerous, upright, round, jointed, and two feet high: t are ufually of a brownifh or purplifh colour, andrarely are much d. The leaves fland in pairs: they are oblong narrow, undiv pointed: andthey are of a deepgre The flowers ftand at the tops of the ftalk eed-veffel is large and oval : the feeds are and reundifh. It is common in meadows, and flowers in June. C. Bauhinecalls it Caryoph The root is compofed of a gr large, thick, andfp e The ftalks are nu two feet and a half hi They are of a pal and the knobs, or j white. The leaves are large, and of ab green: they ftandin pi The flowers are | they ftand in confide the ftalks. The feed-veffel is la are numerous. It is not uncommonin many of our counties, andthrives beft under a damp hedge. It flowers in June. Wefometimes meet with it naturally with a double flower, in which cafe it is very beautiful. Linnzus, who frequently perplexes the fludent by joining together feveral genera, which others, with reafon, have treated as diftinét, here runs tothe oppofite extream. He feparates /ap 7 or foapwort, from the Aychnis; but the diftinction is not properly that of one genus from another, but of the. feparate fpecies of the fame genus. Ray hasfollowed nature with more care, who joins this with the /ychnis; and the gene of authors are ofthe fame opinion, ranking it under this genus. We are the more careful to follow Ray rather than Linnzus in this article, from lych it feveral other fpecies, the v s, and others, to be namedhereafter. has but twoftyles It is true that the / upon the capfule, and tl er {pecies hitherto defcribed have five; but ic muft be. fufficient to e fuch a variation in the defcription of it asa fpecies. We have, in the fame man together the yc 1ough feparated D author, as in othe After defcribing the / alfo to mention a particular variety of rhat plant, defcribed by our Englith botanifts, and preferved in our gardens, * h h no more than we have callec € et is fo fingular that we have adde igure. The two leaves at the knots f tly join into one,. wh furrounds the ftalk in a pz ilar manner ; and the flow vary in the fame manne e leav for their five petals unite, and the whole forms a tubular flower. It wasoriginally found wild in a grove near Lichbarrow in Northamptonfhire; but it is now loft there, y the common foapwort being found in the place. Probably the roots were all taken up and carried into gardens: .they have been Uu there eee Me 3, 1 Garyophyllus barbatus latifolius. The ftalks are numerous, round, flender, upright, and a foot high, 165 plumaria pratenfis. In Englith we call it Cuck flower, Wild Willams, and Ragged Ro It is fometimes found wild with a double flower. Culture eafily gives it this advar and renders it very beautiful: we have it in condition frequent in our gardens, and varying leaves of this plant, covered with a froth of its 3. Broad-leayed Sweetwilliam. HERBAL. iaaiaearnees=s BRITISH engree They 164 |
