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Show 1004 DR. J. E. GRAY ON THE RHINOCEROTID.E. [Dec. 12, phical Transactions;' and R. javanicus, by Dr. Horsfield; and the two latter also by Solomon Muller, in his ' Verhandlung,' who gives good figures of the adult and young. Three African species have been well figured by Dr. AndrewSmith, in his 'Illustrations of the Animals of South Africa,' and two of them by Capt. Cornwallis Harris, in his ' Portraits of the Wild Animals of South Africa,' t. 16 & 19 ; so that the external appearances of these animals are well known. The osteology of the species has been well represented by Camper, by Pallas (in 'Nov. Com. Petrop.' 1777), by Cuvier (in the second volume of his 'Ossemens Fossiles'), and further illustrated in De Blainville's valuable ' Oste'ographie.' In the British Museum there are three skeletons and ten skulls of the Asiatic species, and four skulls of the African Rhinocerotes. The osteological collection in the British Museum is quite a modern creation, and has been made under great difficulties and with very limited funds. The Trustees at first'objected to have any skulls or other bones; but it was proved to them that mammalia and other vertebrates could not be studied without a collection of skulls. The fact was, one of the Trustees, Sir R. Inglis, was also a Trustee of the Hunterian Collection (certainly offices that are not incompatible with each other; for m y uncle, Dr. E. W . Gray, one of m y predecessors in my present office, was, on the purchase of the Hunterian Collection, named one of the Trustees) ; and he stated to me that he was urged to prevent the collection of osteological specimens in the British Museum, as being a rival and injurious to the collection at the College of Surgeons. The difficulty was to a great extent removed when Mr. Bryan Hodgson offered the Museum his very large collections of skins and skeletons from the Himalayas, which were to be accepted together or declined together. Since that time the collection has rapidly increased, and, though it was much depreciated by Professor Owen in his evidence before the Royal Commissioners on the affairs of the British Museum, was then, and I believe is now, the best^determined and largest osteological collection in Europe. As to the rivalry, if any exists, it is to the benefit of both collections, for it is conducive to the activity of the Curator of each; but I have always felt, and the present Curator of the Museum of the College of Surgeons believes, that they are able greatly to assist each other. I only know that I take almost as much interest in the collection of the College as in that under m y own care. In the British Museum there is a skull belonging to the Indian one-horned type ; it is the skull of a young animal with premolars of the milk series and the first permanent grinder appearing. It is considerably larger than the skulls of the Indian species of the same age, and therefore indicates a species fully as large as that animal. The skull is so different from that species in its compressed form and proportion that there can be no doubt that it belongs to a very distinct species, which has not before been observed. There are also two skulls from Borneo, which belong to a distinct and hitherto undescribed species. |