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Show G78 TilE MONOGENISTS AND once 5V2 "on tho names of Animals with reference to Ethnology"), for tracl~ing back tho name of a given animal to its primitive z?ologi ·al province, and hence declu ·ing tho natio~ that. first occup10d such centro. There is not the slightest doubt of 1tslog1Cal correctness, and I lament that space is now lacking to corroborate .it by other examples; but my brief philological digression, save on one point, must be closed· and with tho loss regret because our able collaborator, M. Alfred Maury, has covered tho philological ground of ethnology in Chapter I. of this volume. . . 'l'he facts most obnoxious to the modern ovangohcal hypothes1s of tho unity of all languages, aud which philological monog nism, with conspiring unanimity, either slurs over, or suppresses, lie in those numerous cases where tho type of man, now found speaking a given language, bears no relation physically, or through i.ts .geographic~] origin, to tho speech which, derived fr·om a totally~d1sitnct centro, It employed as its vernacular. TLus, as a ready mstanco, neoToos transported to America ii·om Africa (their own African idioms being wholly lost within two generations) have spoken Dutch in Now York State, German in Pennsylvania, Swedish in Delaware, English from Maino to Louisiana; whore, in a single city, Now Orleans, they still converse in )),roncb, Spanish, or English, according to tho domestic language of their proprietors. Continuing through tho Antilles, among which, on di:f:lorent islands, French, Danish, Spanish, English dialects, and even Irish witlL tlte brog1te,f1J3 arc tortured by negro voices in tho absence of any colloquial African tougue, we find them speaking Caribroan dialects along tho Mosqnito shores, Portuguese in Brazilian cities, and tho lingoa ge1·al,'JJ1 or current Indian idioms of tho country, throughout South America. In parallel manner, all along B~wbary, Egy1 t, and yria, importecl negroes talk only in Arabic; while in Asia Minor, ~nd in tho Morea, I have mot with many wholly ignorant of any language but Turki h in the former case, and Greek in the latter. Here, then, arc familiar instances whore human faunre of the African r alm would, by the more philologer reasoning upon a few vocabularies, be aAsignod to the Indogermanic, tho Semitic, or tho Turanian groups of known Asiatic origin! Against such "petitionee priucipii," Desmoulins 1102 Reported in New York !Ierald, Aug. 26th, 1856; and perhaps as regards foreign proper names incorrectly. 1108 Type8 of Mankind, p. 723. GOI. Auo. DE ST. TIILA!RJ~, Voyagea dan3 le& p1·ovinces de Rio de Ja11eiro et de Minas Geraes, Paris, 8vo, 1880; I, pp. 424-6; II, 49-57 :-RuoENDAB, Voy. Pittor. dans le Brdsil, Poria, 1833; II, pp. 8, 27-84. TilE POLYGENJSTS. 57!) was the first to ra1se lris voice; 505 followed by Mor'ion,'00 D'Avozac,rm Pickering,506 and others; but inasmuch as some ethnographers do not appear to have laid sufficient stress on the multitude of these contradictions inherent in the mere philological school, I will enumerate a few of the more striking instances, beginning with tho oldest historical nation, that of Egypt. The Fellah of tho present day has recovered the typo of his primitive ancestry (vide supra, pl. I and II, and p. 109); yet his language has become Arabic instead of the an i ut Hamitic, which, in the ratio of its antiquity, frees itself from Shemite influonce.OOIJ The Jews, spread over the world, their primitive Aramaron tongu and its successor the !Iebrew being colloquially forgotten, adopt as their own tho language of every race among whom they happen to sojourn; yet, owing to intermarriage exclusively among their own race, their true type has been preserved independently of such transplantations-! allude to that of more or less sallow complexion, black hair and eyes, aquiline nose, and high but receding forehead. N ovortheless, it would be an illusion to suppose tha~, even since the cessation of intermixture with Canaanites, Per ians, and Greeks, down to their expulsion from Palestine after tho fall of J erusalom, the Israelites have been able to avoid mingling their blood with that of other races, to the extent which rabbinical supet·stition may claim or that Christians habitually concede. This is accounted for in the vicissitudes of their histoq during our middle a()'os; and is mainly owing to the proselyting furor of the Inquisition. o.n the one hand, forced conversions, in Spain and Portugal especially, often compelled !Iebrows to dissimulate their repugnance to Ge~tile unions, as well as to disguise their secret adherence to J udmsm; and this, sometimes, with such consummate skill that, in 1665, tho Christian :E atriarch of Jerusalem was discovered to have been a Jew all his lifo! 510 On tho other, polygamy was over fr·ee to the Israelite/ 11 until abandoned throughout Europe in submission to Cath~lic laws. The historical instances are so numerous of modern Jew1sh alliances with Gentiles, that it wotild require many pages to illus-ll05 Races Ut/.lnaiMs, pp. 860-50. 1100 "Inoditcd MSS.," Types of Mankitid, pp. 811, 822-3: -GLIDDON, Otia ./Egyptiaca, pp. 78-9. ll07 Bulletin de la Soc. de Glograpliie, XIV, 1840; p. 228. 608 Races, pp. 277-8. 609 Bmou, Oryttal Palace !I and-book, 1850; pp. 249-52. . 610 llASNAOlll, Ilist. and Relig. of tile Jewa, fol. London, 1708; p. 705. To Baano.ge, ~ho may justly be termed tho continuer of Josephus, I muat refer the reader for proofs ot all my assertiona. 611 Op. cit., pp. 469-70. |