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Show 94 ICONOGRAPITIC RESEARCITES because, having been found at Pompeii together with the bust of Scipio ..A.fricanus, it might have bcc'n its companion. ITo discovers an African cast in the features of the bust, although he docs not enable us to understand what African peculiarity he means; and he forgets tbat Hannibal ought to portray the true Sbcmitic, not any Mrican type. Visconti refers likewise to the peculiar head-dress of the bust, as being analogous to that of king J uba; but J uba was a Numidian, (inheriting some Berber blood, probably,) not a Carthaginian by lineage; and the resemblance is altogether imaginary. Lastly, he idcntincs the features of the bronze with those of a :fine bearded and helmeted bead often found on gems,27 and traditionally ascrib d to IIannibal, because one of the copies bears evidently the half-effaced inscription IIA ... BA .. 28 Unfortunately for Visconti, the gems and the bronze bust have uot one single feature in common between them; and we arc even able to trace the origin of tho tradition and of the inscription mentioned by the renowned author of the "Iconographic" -to a rather modern date. There c2cists a celebrated colossal marble statue in the ante-room of the Capitoline Museum, which bad always puzzled antiquaries. It represents a bearded warrior, with a stern and majestic countenance; and would have been taken for Mars, did we not know, that all tho statues of the O'Od of war, with the exception of the earliest archaic represcntati~ns, were beardless. Another designation was therefore wanted· and inasmuch as among the adornments of the magnificent armo~r of the colossus, two elephant heads occupy a prominent place, he was called Pyrrhus, and sometimes Hannibal, -both generals havinO' made usc of elephants in their wars against Rome. Tho creme men~ tioned by Visconti arc evidently antiquo copies of the head of the Capitoline statue, from which they obtained the name. As to tho inscription of the Florentino gem mentioned by Gori we can affirm that it is a mcdiroval forgery; because, on another r~petition of the same hoad,29 we find an analogous imposHion, viz: the same Phoonician letters which are struck on the Cilician coins of Datamcs, and wore transferred from the medal to the gem by some mediroval c?-gravcr under. th~ (false) belief that they road: "Hannibal." BeBld: s,-the Cap1tolme s:atue and the gems resembling it arc no portraJts. at all;. they have Ideal features, and represent Zeus Areios, the martial J up1ter, as beheld on the coins of the town Iasus in Caria ao ' : Gont. Mu8. Flor., 11, 12. "' Gom, Inscriptione8 per Etrur 1 1 10 4 WJNOK!IL~tANN, Pierrea grav~ea du feu Baron Sto8ch p 416 nos 48. R p · (]' p. · p. 669, No. 9698. ' ' ' ' ·- ASPJIJ, atalO!Jil8, No~ :.TU:JIJDER, A.bhandl. der philolo!Ji8chen Olam dcr Munchner A.cademie, Thoil 1, TMol 4, • ON TIUMAN UACES AND TTIEIR ART. !)5 no less than on several unpublished bronze statuettes in difrcrcnt collections. V. It is more difficult to object to the portrait of JunA I., Icing of Numidia; the original of the head published by you 31 being the Lype of a silver coin which bears the Roman ins ription "Juba Rex." f3till, an anonymous archroologist, (Stcinhlichcl,)n SUO'O'Csts, that this effigy, with its peculiar African headdress, might represent an African Jupiter, rather than a Jcing, since his features arc somewhat ideal, and the sc ptl'o on the shoulder of the bust is an attl'ibntc of Jupiter, or of Juno, exceptionally only given to kings. As yonr object in exhibiting the portrn. it of ,Ju ba was principally to show, to some illit rate Philrothiopians, that the in habitants of N orthcrn Ali·ica wcr not negroes, the explanation of Fig. 6. t inbi.ichcl becomes a still stronger argument for yom views. If it can be maintained, then the publis}Jod head is not the ofligy of an individual Mauritanian king, by descent and mardagc closely allied to several Greek dynasties (fori nstancc, to the Ptolomics), but is the representative type of the population of the northern shores of Afi·ica; and the slight modification of the Arab features, observed in his face, becomes, therefore, a new argument for the afiinity of Bcrbct · and Shcmitic races. Th peculiar head-dress of the bust is mcntioncrl as African by Strabo,33 who says that the samC> costume prevailed all along the northern coast of Africa up to Egypt, wh rc it bord l'S on r ... ibya. SilillS Italicns describes it very characteristically as a l'igid bonnet formed by long hair overshadowing the forchcad. 34 We s o it on the triumphtl-1 arch oftl1e Emperor Constantine, as disting ni slting tho Numidian auxiliary horsemen; 35 and it seems that it cxtcn<lcd even beyond the limits mentioned by Stl·abo, since it is fo1tncl upon Egyptian reliefs representing Nubians as wclJ as fullhloodNl N gl'ocs; for instance, compare" Typ s," page 249, and :figs. 166, 167, 168, 169, 170, and 171. VI. Besides these effigies belonging to the domain of Greek art, " 1'1jpe8 of Mankind, p. 186, fig. 88 :-Ajriqr1e A.ncienne, Oartha!Je. "Katalo!J einer Sammlung !Jcsclmittener Stei11e, Wien, 1834, p. 11, No. 144. " STRAUO, xvii. p. 628. " DELr.onr, A.roua triumph. •• PUNJOOllUM, lib. 1, v. 404 |