Indigenous Races of the Earth

XGN23N881857 55

92 ICONOGRAPIIIO RESEARCIIES prcssly to entrap M. Barrois, the wealthy amateur, who docs not believe at all in Champollion, and consequently bought it for 6000 francs. It was certainly beyond the expectation of tho ] rcnch forgers that they should cheat two English archroologists also. m. EnATOSTIIENES of Cyrenc in Africa, the famed Greek librarian Fig. 8. of king Ptolemy Evorgetes at Alexandria, the greatest Astronomer, Geographer, and Chrono­logist of his time, would indeed deserve a placo of honor in any ethnographical publication; but, unhappily, there exists no antique likeness of that eminent man, although tho Chevalier Bunsen prefixed tho ideal drawing of a Greek bust to the second volume of his ".LEgyptcns Stelle in dcr Wcltgcschichtc."18 Yet this c:iligy is altogether a modern fancy -portrait, which originates solely from tho desire of the learned Chevalier to ox­press his veneration for tho Sage of Cyrena. I . have suspected that it is not through accident, but by dos1gn, that the snub-nose of the German edition has been twisted Fig. 4. into a somewhat aquiline form for Longman's English translation of the same work. Possibly, Bun­~ cn, in fear lest his authority might mtroduce a false Eratosthenes into good society-as really has hap­pened in tho "Types,"-took this indirect method of unmaking the creature of his own imagination. IV. Tho portrait of IIANNIBAL w~s oopied for the" Types," on the fa1th of the "Univers pittoresque" (Afrique ancienne, Carthage), a c~l­lection of several works by diftcr­ont authors of different merit. Thus, for instance, next to the . . description of Ancient Egypt by Cha~polhon-F1geac, and of China by Pauthior, we :find Italy descnbed by the shallow Artaud, and Greece by Pouqueville. IIowever, the alleged portrait of the CarthaO'inian hero did not answer your ethnographic expectations in any .:ay, not being of the "ITitmburg, 1845, frontispiece c tb . London 1854 It o. d . .Th ompo.re e one m Egypt's Place in Universal Disto?·y, w·tb , I{ :• 1 n .P· xxJ. . o so.mo genius for invention hns supplied Archooology 1 an equtt y-o.ut umtlo portrnlt of MANillTuo:- Op. cit., DriUc8 Buell, frontispiece. 0 N II U !II AN R AC E S A N D T II E I R A R T . 93 Shomitic cast; and you recognized at once tho lug host Caucasian typo so strongly marked in his face as to load to tho suO'gcstion, "that if h1s father was a Phmn1co-Carthaginian, one would so poet that his mother, as among tho Ottomans and Persians of Lho pre cnt day, must have been an imported white slave, or other female ofthe purest Japhctic race." 10 This remark, embodying an acknowledg­ment of tho Japh tic cast of tho features, was happily added to the "portrait;" which can be found on some elegant silver coins accom­panied by a Phmnician inscription. From the time of Fulvius Ursinus 20 it was always taken for the effigy of IIannibal, until Pel­lcrin/ 1 and J£ckbol, 22 prov c1 that these coins arc not Carthaginian, but Cilician and Pb.mnician. "In 1846," says the rovi w r of "'rypcs," in the Athenreum JJ'ran9ais, "tho Due do Luyncs fi und out that it was the pol'trait of a Satrap of the king of Persia, who governed Tar. us in the time of Xonophon; and thus," he addA, "in tho effigy published by Messrs. Gliddon and Nott, typo, country, poch, and race, a eo all mistaken"! 23 A swooping conclusion indeed; Atill, it i not complete enough; seeing, we may add, that the reviewer hims 1 r is likewise mistaken. llacl he studied tho Essay of tho Due de LuyncA with sufficient care, he would have found that tho head, formerly bel i vccl to be the effigy of IIann ibal, and as such ·prefixed to most of the editions of Silins Italicus, is not at an a portrait, but tho ideal representation of a hero; since it is not only found on the silver coins of Dcrnos of Phmnicia (or rather, according to W. II. Waddington, of Datamos of Cilicia),2·1 but likewise on tho coins of ]>harnabazuA, tho powerful Satrap of Phrygia and Lydia, son-in-law to Artaxcrxcs Mncmon. It cannot, therefore, be meant for either of them; so mnch the leAs, as there is no example of any Satrap stamping coin with his own portmit. Vis onti, in his Iconograpltie grecque,26 attributes a totally different buRt to Hannibal. Fully aware that the c:iligy on the abovo-mon­tionccl silver coins could not represent the illustrious Carthaginian, he did not like to lose the illusion that we possess such an interesting portrait; especially as the elder Pliny complains 2C that" two statues wore erected to IIannibal in the city, since so many foreign nations bad boon received into communion with Rome, that all iormer dif­ferences between them wore abolished." Accordingly, Visconti attl'ibutcs a small bronze buRt to tho greatest enemy of tho Romans; " 'I.'Ijpe8 of Mankind, p. 136, fig. 37; nod Southern Q11arterly Review, Charleston, 8. C., Oot. 1864, p. 294, note. .. AthmaJum Fra71fais, Mo.rs, 1854-, p. 204. 10 Imagine8 illu8tr. virorum, pl. 68. •• A tltent:CWII Ji'ra71fai8, Fevricr 18GG, p. 12. "Recueil, iii. p. 50. •• Vol. iii. pl. xvi. " Doctrina nummorum veterum, iii. p. 112. "' lfist. Nat. xxxiv. e 15.