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Show 5G4 THE :MONOGENISTS AND languages in cr neral "into three famili A, w]Jich l1ave beeu called the Semitic, the A1·ian, and the Turanian." 101 In order t xpluin th rrroundA of objection, one must dig•· ss foe a moment upon th so thrc terms. With the reservations of Rcnan,"02 and as th synonym of Syro-Arabian in its appli ation to lanrruagcs alone, tho nam " emiLie" is probably the h 'At discoverable~ but, when nppli cl physiologicallt63 to pmo Nigritian familioA on tho Mozambiqn no 1 ss than on the Guinea coasts, its adoptiou is clclusivo, bo a11sc it cxtenils the area of trnc hemHo amalgamations with AJri an trib s fftr beyond 1 gitimato induction ; and su goats intermixture as the cause of rcally-insirrnifi ant facial r s mblanc s botwo n some races of negroes aud the Arabians, without taking incompatibilities of color, f, rm, hair, and CJHlless dis imllar facts, into a count. The law of gradation sulli iontly explains these v ry questionable analogics,~01 upon wl1ich monogcnists alone lay strcss,-morc frequently from s ntiment than from ovid nee. With tho word "Arian," as employed by Prof. Max-Muller, it would ill-become me to diss011t when selected by so great a mastc1· in anscritic lore. On the contrary, science is 1.manirnous in its n.doption, which his lcm·ned noto~G5 amply justifies; but it is with the wide extension given to "Turanian" that my quan· llics. What is its origin? What its m aning? What its alltiquity? In the trilinguar inscriptions of the (A. D. 223-63G) SaAsanian dynasty/00 tho l orsian m01mrchs assume in Gr 1 the titles "Kings Apaavwv xaa Avcxpaavwv"- i.e., of Iranians and non-lran£ans; oqnivalcllt <~ccrt~lic P~tpurta, rtnd Anlorico.n lndinns,-such nomenclature lends to nothing but mystificn~~ on m tho study of Man. I might likewise note U1o vagueness of Negro, Pa}'ua11 o.ntl Indian, 111 othnogmphy. m Language& of the Seat of War, 1855, p. 28, 86-05 :-nnd in llUNS};N's Outlinu, 1854, T, pp. 238, 342-486. In tho former work, our crud ito Jingoist nctustlly speaks of t.he "dc~ccndnnts of 'l'ur (p. 87)"! In tho lnttor, tho biblieo-Kur'nnic hstrmonizings of A boo '1-Ghilzco tdJout "1'ur nnd ~nphoth" stre nccoptod ns historical! Compnro 'J'ypea of Mankind, p. 476. •a~ Langue Sfmltiqzm, 1855, p. 2. ·~~ Noums, in P1·ichard'a Nat. lli8t., 1855, pp. 420-7. SJmRl'lS, Races 11~gre8 de l'Aj7-i']liC Onentale, Oomptea Jle7ldua de l'Acad. des Sciences, XXX, Juno, 1850, pp. 7-8, 13. 1 hnvo Aeon some of M. do l1roborvillo's costs, nnd must protest ngninst M. Serres's Report lhnt thoy.'~re of n type "~6tis s6mitiqucs :" uoJ·, in vi ow of my twonly-yeors' f~tmilin.rity with Soma tao ro.~es nnd their l1ybrids in Afrion. 1111d A sin, -nnd fifteen yoars of obsorvntion of mulnttoes m Ameri~n-nm I disposed to accept tho" ipso dixit" of nn Acndomicinn, who 1:cvor hn.d opport1.1mty of seeing t1 dozen living specimens of "m6tis s6mitiqnes" in all his hfo, o.gnmst my own experience nmongst tbous~tncls. 40 i 'flype8 of llfankind, pp. 180, 180, 101, 209-10. 4 ~X; Op. cit., PP· 27-9:- Compm·e Bxno~tANN, Peuplta Primilij8 de la Race de Ju'~lc Colm~tr, 8vo, l8G8, pp. 10-20. ~ ' 4IJG D~1 SAOY, llftmoire w1· diverse& AnliquiMs de la Perae, et sur loa llftdaillu de8 Rois de ta ~'HE POLYGENJS1'S. GGG to Pcn:~ians and thos who wore not J crt:Jians. Nine centuries previously, in the cuneiJomt inscriptions of Pot·s polis,'07 Darius Apeak~:> of llariva, Aria,- calling Persia, Par sa; hut t~t neither period doeH tho word "Tur" yet fLgure as the cquival ·nt for non-Imnian: nor d os it occut· in earlier writings than Vircloozce's Sltalt-Namelt, "Book of KingE>" compoE>cd in the 10th-11th ccntmy. Concocling that the ·immoetal hard was versed in traditions that survived the wreck of l>ersic literature after the fall of Yczdcgcrcl, it will hardly b claimed that "'l'ur" is an historical personage inst ad of a mythiu personification of cytl1ic, i.e., non-Persian, nations. 1GB Oriental writers understand, by il?·ians, or "people of Iran," tho inhabitant!:! of lands enclosed by the Euphrates, Pct·sian Gulf, Indus, and Oilton ; and by Toudtnians, barbarians,-" ildjcm" or foreigners, like tho Go~m, g ntiles, of tl1c Hebrews: so that Air·an and. Aniran, or Idtn and 1'ouran, signify only I ersia contrasted with Turkestan. "Moullah l!'ir ze, a lcamcd l)ars6c of Bombay, exr bins tho name of Airan to b deriv d feorn that of Believer; and that of Anair·an, meaning Unbelie\'Cr ." '109 Tltc same senses may bo gathered from the ZendA vesta and the Boun-dch scl1-P hlvi,470 wherein praises and victori s arc tho appanage of Eeriene Veed}o, tho ""Pure Intn ;" cm·sel:l nud defeats that of Toun\u. But these Parsec codes themselves arc not of high antiquity. If Firdoozeo's grand epic be consulted, wl1ich purports to define the history of Pc1·sirt from Lbe tauro-kc1 halic Ka"iumurts during 3GOO years down to Lhc aracenic invasion, a poem itself also replete with alterations by copyists,171 one perceives at once how the mythical Fcridoon divided the empire among his three sons,-" To S6lim he gave Rum and Khawer; to 'l'ur, Tur~\n; and to Irij, Iran or Per-dynasties des Sassauides, Pt~ris, 4to, 1703; pp. 12, 81, 64, Pl. Inscrip. A. 3; 1111d pp. 47, G5-00, 183. "Iriln we 'J'un\n" does occur nmong }'(lr~inn inRcriptions o.t 1'chehil-mjnar; but theia· dstte is lloujra 826, A. u. 1423,- or long subsequently to Firdoozcc. m llAWLINSON, Behistun, 184.6, pp. i-xxxix. 468 "fnm o.ut !tan est Por~io. culturi r.oronstrico o.ddictl\, ortholloxn; Aniran a. Aniltln aunt provinciro extrrtnofll, SllSsnnidarum imperio snbjectoo, quoo quoque nomine 1'uran, i. o. TransoJmn~t, a scdptorihus oriento.libus n.ppollo.ntur, qun1·urn inooh-o 11b ignicolis vel hrorotici, vel irreligiosi lu1biti aunt:" (1'YOUSBN, De Ouneatis lnacriptionibus Persepolilania lucubratio, ltostock, 1708, p. 41, note). 400 .KBR J>oll'r~at, Travels in Georgia, Persia, &c., London, 4to, 1821; II, p. 189:compnl'O RIOilAitOSON, Dictionary, Pe,.sian, Arabic, anil Bnglis!t, r .. ondon, 1800, I, p. 313, voco "'fnriln." (70 ,t.. Qtii-:TIL DU PEttttON, Zend-Av~ala, Pnt·is, 4to, 1771; l Pnrt 1, pp. 10, 20, 26; IT. pr6fnce, p. 3~8 ~oq.:- compMe, for signifi011tions of" Airiln," 81•. MAitTrN, llnmoirt8 liisto-riquea sur l'Armfnie, 1'nri~, 181 ; I. pp. 271-R. . .. m OuSEI.flY, 'f'ravrl.!, &·c. itl l'ersia, London, 4 to, 1819; I. Pt·ofncc, p. vw., stud note 5- " upon nn nvoro.ge thirty different readings in ovory page." |
