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Show 444: TilE JI{ONOGJ~NI. 'l'S AND cultuec, civil, military, and convict, t}u·ough which myriads of colonists have perished, it has become a seWed fact in the Imperial administration that, as till rs of the soil, l!'tcncluncn can never colonize 13arbary; 110 [like tl10 English in llindostan, the Dutch in Malayana, the Spauiat"ds in South Amcr1ca, and the .PortugLwso .in Africa, France must employ native labor- that of tho indigenous "adscripti glebro," viz., tho Berber race, or its exotic congener the Arab]:-and then, finally, not-to burthcn the page with illustrati JH> that every country in tho world can supply, if histot·y, which m •aw> experience (the only test recognized by MUller, Leidy, and by archrooloO'y), bo taken as a crit 1·ion, we have yet to learn whether tho greatest nations have not developed themselves through tho union of p1·oximate "species," and the mol:lt deplorable arisen through that of 1·emote ones. To explain my conception, two references will at present suffice: first, to our last pnblication,117 for Dr. Nott's do:fln.i.tion of •thnic subdivisions of 'species;' and next, to tho work of out· lcamcd fri nd Count A. de Gobincau; 118 from whom-however I may diflcr in tri lies relating to his fundamental theory of the A1·ian origin of all civilization, ot· to his classifications ofXth Gcnesis-ethno]oO'y, in his three c~1aptcrs on the Romans, derives one of the most masterly clucidatlO~ s c~ct· penn d by any historian. Nor is this culogium mer ly a pr uncll ' of my own; thr o of the best-informed and critical scl1olars of England, to whom I 1 nt M. de Gobincau's volumes coincidirw entirely in such hearty acl nowloclgmout. 'l'lto followin~ spocimc~ will be new to the general reader : - "But thero appear d on co, in tho history of dccnyi.1w pcor)les a t 1 . d" 0 man_ s rcn~10us y w 1gnant at the debasement of his nation; d'i s-cormng w1th ca?lo eye, through the mists of false prosperity, tb abyss toward wl11ch a general clcmoraliY.ation was dragging the corn~ onwcalth; and who, master of all tho means for action,- bitt11, ncl~cs, talents, p~rsonal standing, high appointments-foun 1 11imsclf, at tho_samc tunc, robust in sanguinary natmc, and dctcrmin d not to .s~mnk from the ~so of any resource. 'l'his surgeon_ tlris b~tc!l,~t, 1f you please-this august scoundrel, if you like it b tt01._ th1s !1tan- sho":'cd himself in Rome at tho moment when th ropubhc, drunk w1th crimes, with dominion, aud with triumphal 110 DP.AJOnf'llT L'Al ~ · 1817 6-8 ., 1 ' 1 , . 1 ' .' g ~te, ; PP· • 28-29:- ld. Discours in tl1o Assombl6o Ntt· wOM 0 ug1" •~live, SOSSJOU do 1860 pp 8-18 · Id D 1861 8 6 D ' · ·- •• ocmnents Statistiques sur l'Algtrit • PP· - · r .. Nott lms onlnrgod upon those now fttcts in his Ch~tp. IV t ' 117 'l'ype1 of Ma11k1nd, pp. 81, 407- 10. • an e. ll8 Ellai tur l' IntgaliU de~ Racel Ilumaincl, 1866. Ill Chap V VI VII . ll 274-7. • ' · , , ; ospoc1a y pp. THE POLYGENISTS. 44.5 exhaustion, gnawed by tho lcpl·osy of every vice, was rolling itself over and over towards an abyss. Tic was Lucrus COllNJ•:Lws SYLT,A. * * * "At tho end of a. long career, after efforts of which tho m asnro of inten sity is the violence accumulated, ylla, despairing of the futuro-melancholy, worn out, discouraged-abdicated of his own accord the clictator'H hatchet; and, resigning himself to livo unoccupied in tho midst of that patl'ician or plebeian populace which still ~huddorcd at sight of him, he proved, at least, that he was not am rc vulgar and ambiLi us politician; and that, having recognized the inanity of his hop s, he cared not to preserve a sterile power. * * * "Th rc really existed uo chance of his success. 'rho populace he wished to bring ba k to the manners and discipline of the old 11 time, resembled in nothing that republican people who had practised them. To convince oncse1f~ it sulficcs to compare tho ethnic clements of the days of Cincinnatus [o. o. 460] with those existing at the epoch when the great dictator li vcd [B. o. 138-81 ]. Tum OF CINCINNATUS. TIME OF SYLLA. ~ l ~ r Sabi11es, in mnjorlty; ltaliots, crossed wlib ~ \ Etnt!can1, n row; ~ Jtatiots, o. few. ·1 ~ &Salbminneilse,s , ] &lbcllians, ~ Siculcs, P< JJcllenes, a fow. 1st. Intermixed moJorlty of whlto t•nd yellow [dark) races; .§ Hellenic blood. Jet. MoJorlly Somltl· .~ ltaliotB. clzod; ~ .; nnd from Sicily ; 2<1. Very feeble Semitic ltu· .~ Hellenists of .A s111 ; l OruksofMngnnClr<Ccln, migration. ~ S!tcmius of Aslo.; P:: .Sllemiluof Africa; Sho~n·iu• of Spain. 2d. Minority Arlnn: 3d. Extromo su bd I vi· Rlon of tho yellow [dark] prlncl pie." It is impossible to bring hack into the same fi·ame-wor]· two nations which, under the same name, resemble each other so little," very correctly observes M. de bincau: and I will only add that, when ethnologists apply this cxc llcut method of analysis to ovcry nation,- cspc ·ially to these Unitccl StateR of Am rica -they will obtain practical r sults unchcmncd of by literary historians, who, bclicvin()" in tho "Unity of the J111man Species," have neither any idea of these amalgamations of distinct ra ·cs, nor of their natural, and thor fore inevitable, conscqu nccs for good or evil. Ao·ain reverting to om· qn stions as to tho word "spccicA," after stripping away sophistries that encumhor snch vague term, 1 t me ask,- docs any on pr tcucl, when races arc called by their int lligiblc names, that camal intcrcomsc between an Eskimo and a NcgrcFJs ever originated. what we understand by a Greelc,-betwc n a J)ano aud n Dyak, an Arab,-lwtwcen a Tu11gou ~:~ inn aud i\11 .ts.rm·lilc, |