Indigenous Races of the Earth

XGN23N881857 339

G4.4 E X P L A N A T I 0 N S 0 ~' ]I{ 0 N K E Y C H A R T • MONKilYS. Numbor of tho klndH. 1-----------------------------------------I-K-,-,o-w-n~CI;.-•• -J.-r-lu-K•-I· NILmo o!Ordor. In lktlln lh'tl •lm·•• 1840. 1 ~2. 1810. I -l-;;,;;-i~-.. -. ---=====·=·=·== -2-3 -] 2 Hylob>\tc~.. .... ......... ......... ........ ......... ...... .... .... ......... 7 8 3 Somnopithcous........ ......... ...... ......... ......... ......... .......... 14 25 4 Colobus... ..... .... .... ..... .. ....... .... ..... .. .... ......... ......... ...... 7 1i 5 Co•·copitbecus....... ......... ......... ......... ..... .... .... ..... ......... 16 82 6 ]nuns....................................................................... 11 10 7 Cynocephalus............................................................. ~ 1~ 8 Myootos ........................................ :.. ......... ......... ...... " 9 J-agothrix....... .... .. ... .... .. ... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .... ... .. .. .. .. .. .. 2 10 Atoles......... ......... ...... ...... ......... .. .... ....... ....... ............ 8 0 11 Ccbus......... ...... ...... ...... ......... ......... ....... .......... ......... 2 10 12 Pithccin...................... ................ ............................... 6 7 13 Nyctipitbcous...... ...... ...... ...... ......... ...... ...... ...... . ........ 1 3 14 Callithrix............ ............ ............... .................. ........ 6 11 15 Chrysothrix .... .. ... .. ...... .... .. ... .... ..... ... ... ...... ... ... ...... .. 1 8 16 Hapalo ......... ...... ............ ...... ......... ...... ......... ...... ...... 15 20 l 7 Lichanotus .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .... .. ... ... .. . .. .. .. .. .. .. ..... .. .. ... 1 1 l 8 lf>tb>·ooobus .... .. .... .. .. .... ..... .... .... ..... .. .... .... ..... .. .... .. .... 2 10 Lemur................................................ ..... ................ 8 14 20 Oaleooobns ...... ... .. .. .. .. .... ..... .... ......... .. .... .. .... ...... . ...... 1 21 Chi1·ogalous ........... . ................................................ .. 22 Stonops .................................................................... . 23 Miorooebus .............................................................. .. 24 Porodioticus ............................................................. .. 25 Otolionus ................................................................ .. 26 Tarsius .................................................. > ................ .. Sum. l 1 4 1 2 1 () 1 128 210 8 11 2 1 1 1 3 2 1 2 1 7 4 1 8 - IIonce, then, inclncling additions since 1852, we possess all'cady more than 216 disti net animals of the monkey-tribe. Those are thus classifi.cd,--aftcr a lamont regarding the difficulties of syatems --by GERVAIS :--m6 "This first tribo of tho Mammifors will be partitioned, as follows, into five secondary groups:- lst. -The AN'l'HROPOMORPIIS (.Anthropomorplla), comprising tho genom TnOOLODYTE, OomLLA, OnANO, and OmJJON. 2d.-- Tho SEMNOPl'l'l{]~CI (Semnopitheciam), divide themselves into NAsxo, SJmNOPI­TJIEOI properly so called, PJtgsov·n, and CoLonus. 8d.-- 'l'ho OUENONS ( Oet·copitheciana), or tho genom MIOPITUEOUA, tmd Ct;nooPJ'fln:ous. 4th.-- '!'he MACACS (1llacacians), who partition thomsolvos into MAOoT, MANOAJJflY, MAlMON, nnd MAOAO. 6th. --CYNOCEPITALI (Oynocephaliana), or tho CYNOJ?ITUJWI, MANllUJLT,s, PAl'IoNs, and Tn•moPITUEOI. Of those five groups, tho third alone is oxclnsivoly African: the four others, on tho con­trary, have oaoh pnrticular genera in America and India." The reader's eye, following tho black line of circumvallation on our "Chart," will perceive that, except at Gibraltar (whither De Blainville 017 considers the magot to be an importation), there are no oce Trois mgnea de la Nature, llfammif~res, 1" partie, Paris, 4to., 1854, p. 12. 617 OsUograp!tie, p. 21. Dut soc O!!:lWAlS, pp. ()6-9. EXPLANATIONS OF MONKEY CHART. GIG monkeys in Agassi;~,'s Europcaurcalm,--nonc in tho l>olyllcsian, nor o.ny in tho Australian. In the American, tho Profc sor told me that no simire arc to be found northward of tho Isthmus of Tchuantcpcc. Prof. pcnccr l!.. ... Baird, however, obligingly pointed out to me two pa ages which seem to leave tho exact degree of latitude an open question. a•s But tl1c strangest puzzle of all is, how to explain the sharp line of demarcation beheld between island and island, in the Malayan realm; which a great naturalist has forcibly embodied in tho follow­ing language :-- 619 "'l'ho [East-Indian] Archipelago forms, as it were, a world apart, as much by its geo­graphic!\! position, as by its rch\tion to ethnography and natural hi story. Situate betwixt the Indian continent and Anstrulia, tho natuml productions of this maritime world rcHcmblo, for tho greater part, those of tho limitrophic lands; and it is thoro only whot·o tho Lran ~iti on pronounces itself tho most distinctly, where one observes a smttll number of peculia•· beings. 1'his line of transition is marked by tho islands of Celebes, Flores, 'l'imor, und Bocroo. lt iinds itself, consoqttontly, between tl•o ]35th and I 45th of eaRt longitude of tho rnoritlit~n of Feno. At tho Moluccas, all nature nlrclllly wont·s ao AuslmlaHin.tio (Papou) cl11trnc tcr; bocau. o, beyond some chiroptora which str etch as far as Now Guinea, twd tho genus of hogs, all tho mammifera originating in thnt countJ·y belong to tho order of tho mn. r~npinls [every other aninml haviug been imported]. * ·x- * ·x- In genct·al, the botanicalttnd zoolo­gical char110tor of Australia commences t\t Celebes nntlat 'l'imor; so that tb~ so two iHlrt~~ds may be considered as the limits of two Frtnnas altogether distinct. * * * * 1'ho Indian Archipelago divides itself, therefore, in the direction of west to eBst, ns concerns gC"ogl'llphy and natmal hi story, into two parts of unequal extension. 'l'hc occidental part, which is tho largest, contains tho islr\nds of llorneo, Sumbawa, Java, Sum>ttra, and tho poninwla or Malacca; wl>crcas tho orient.al portion contains but lho islnnds of au inferior onl r,-lhoso of Celebes, Flores, Timor, Gilolo, ~tnd, to take tho widest raogo, perhnps even to :Mindttuao." MULLER th n goes on to explain how those larger portions that at·c ncar st to tho Hindostanic eontincnt resemble, in their Faunre, tho south em pal'ts of India,--;just as Maury (supra, Ohaplc1· I.) has shown it to be the case with mankind. Ilc counts about 175 mammifct·s throughout tho entire archipchgo, Malacca and Now Gui11oa ineln­sivc; of whi.cb scare ly thirty belong cxelusively to tho eastern side, whore, chiroptcra inclusive, thoro arc but fifty species in all. In this singular arrangement of nature within su small an Al'cn., and amid islands so very proximate, tl10 01·angs, tl1c Gibbons, indeed all true Simire, ap}Jcrtain sol ly to the wcstcm side; and arc totally GIB "Tho Moulwys which enter into tho sou th ern provinces of Mexico belong to tho gcnern mycetea and lwpale" (l~IOJTAitJJSON, "Report on N. A mer. Zool."-Brit. Assoc. adv. Sciencr, v. 1837, p. 138) : nnd "Bpes in tho southern provinces of Mexico" (W AON£n, Bayerisclien Akadlmie, Miinchon, 1846, p. 51.) mo HOMON lliiiLLBit, "Cosmographic, Zoologic oompur6o,"-Sieoolcl's .Afonitem· dftlndet- Orientales et Occidentale-!, Batavi a, 4to., 1846-7, pp. 12()-36. 1\T. ~li.iller, as member of the Commission of Physical Researches, spent i.u tho Indian A.rchipcl~tgo "onzo nnnocB des plus belles do ma vic."