Dictionary of the English Language, Vol. I

Page 66

GRAX lable a e m e t o n m e w e r h e f m n i a t ? ) dm'i‘,hc':‘ei t g br k e b l fi ' o ! ; fi n'canys, ffxt? kyrky churc a-kin; frigefco, fcapha, fEiff; fip; and refrigefco, refre French, jardin, jartier indeed, even of thefe bovina ol Teuton the borrowe th fro Latins L"xxvm or th wwin a ina ori mo co fom fro the ha bot o ons Teu from th vinum; wwind, ventus; wvert, veni; svayy viaj weally vallum; ewallow, volvo velpa; day virtus; wafp vool, vellus3 wwill, volo3 avorm, vermis; worth w , jugum, (eUyoq; ower, upper 3 yok dies; drawo; trahosy tame, dome, Sau I_make n fuper, imeg; @m, fum, sus; break, frango; fly, volo; blaw, flo is mor _doubt but tlie Teutonic ancien thap th Latin an it i n Teutonick languages I is certain retained fom tha the Englith derived fro Genman the Greek whic an othe firidulus, fbrill 5 procurator, proxy the Lati to inipeach'; augeo, auxi, wax has nots as ax, achs, mit, ford, pfurd, danghter, tochter, wmickle, mingle, moor Jear, grave, graff, to grave, to [erape, wwhole, from @i, pera, mgelu?;, Suygwi;g mEpdnogy iy puteus, pit ly from the Greeks, without the .intervention of the Latin language, why ma not other words be derived immediately from the fame fountain, though the be likewife found among the Latins Wecks SJample ; excipio, feape cramps crump corn5 COMPLIMO fyllab?re, 0 fpell cmm]'file crinkle Fr. gilliffozver, whic ever forced, is evident, it ought to appear no wonder. to any one if the ancient have thus disfigured many, efpecially as; they fo much affe¢ted monofyllables liberty of maiming, takin and, to-make them found the fofter, took thi away, changing, tranfpofing, and foftening them in expendo, fpend ; exemplum extraneus, frange ; extraltum, frerch'd But while we derive thefe from the Latin, I do not mean to fay, that man of them did not immediately come to us from the Saxon, Danith, Dutch, an Teutonick languages, and other dialects, and fome taken more lately from th French, or Italians, or Spaniards The fame word origin Rany of thefe etymologies are doubtful, and fome evidently miftaken according to its different fignifications, often has a differen as to bear a burden from fero but to bear, whence birth, born, bairn comes from pario: and a bear, at leaft if it be of Latin original, from fera Thus perch following arc fomewhat harder, Alexander and vanefco, vanul, wane a guill ; impetere the vulgar call julyflower, as if der'ived from the mon.th Fuly s petrofelinum porfley 5 portulaca, purflain'; cydonl}lm, quince ; cydonmt}lm, 7z¢.xdd‘enyi perfi -i to i i a g -w ea t ru co th i w ke er ca er cum, peach name from the ear; annulus geminus, a gimmal, or gimbal ring; and thu the word gimbal and jumbal is transferred to other things thus interwoven quelques chofes, kickfbawwss . Since the origin of thefe, and many others, how excrucio, #o fcrew-5, exfcorio, o jionr 5 €¥COTIO, fo frourge 3 excortico, o feratch ; and others begimning with zx: as alfo emendo, 7o mend 5 epifcopus, bifbop; in Danith, &4/p ; epiftola epiftle 5 hofpitale, fpirtle ; Hifpania, Spain ; hiftoria, fory Th granum pulfo, 70 pu/b;.calamus Thus cariophyllus, flos ; gerofilo, Ital. girifiée, gilofer the ftronger, which feem the bones of words, or changing the for others of the fame organ, in order that the found migh become the f{ofter; but efpecially tranfpofing their order, tha they might the more readily be pronounced without the interForexample Maapkes ; Matthzus, Mattha, Matthew; Martha, Matt, Pat; Gulielmus Wilbelmus, Girolamo, Guillaume, William, Will, Bill, Wilkin, Wicken, Wicks Our anceftors were ftadious to form borrowed words, howeve long, into monofyllables; and not only cut off the formativ terminations, but cropped the firft {yllable, elpecially in word beginning with a vowel; and rejected not only vowels in th middle, but likewife confonants of a weaker found, retainin mediate vowels Sander5 Elifabetha, Betty gvis, bez; aper, bar; p pafiing into b, as in bifbop 5 and by cutting off a fro the beginning, which is refiored in the middle: but for ‘the old bar or bare wife to perch a meafure a fifh; from perca; but perch from pertica, and like Do [pell is from [yllaba; but fpell, an inchantment, by whic it is believed that the boundaries are fo fixed in lands, that none can pafs the againft the mafter's will, from expello; and fpel/, a meflenger, from epjffol 'Thus freefe, or freeze, from fiigefeo whence gofpel, good-fpell, ot god-fpell but freeze, an architeGonic word, from wzophorus; but freefe, for cloth, fro we now fay boar; as for lang, bng; for bain, bant; for ffane, flone; aprugha brawn, p being changed into b, and # tranfpofed, as in aper, and g ‘change nto 2w, as in pignus, pawsn; lege, law; andwhf, fux; cutting off the begin- Frifia, or perhaps from frigefco, as being more fit than any other for keepin aing, and changing pinto f, as in pellis, a fell5 pullus, a feals pater, father; out the cold. pavor, fear5 polio, fle; pleo, impleo, f, full 5 pifcis, fifp; and tranfpofing There are many words among us, even monofyllables, compounded of two o into the middle, which was taken from the beginning'; apex, & picce; peak, more words, atleaft ferving inftead of compounds, and comprifing the fignification of ‘more words than one; as from ferip and ro/l, comes feroll 5 from prou pike;. zophorus, freeze; muftum, ffum;' defenfio, fence's difpenfator, [pence afculto, efcouter, Fr, frout; exfcalpo, frrdpe, refroring / inftead of 7, and hence | and dance, pramce; from f# of the verb flay, or fland and out, is made Jhout5 Jerap, ferabley, ferawl; exculpo, feoop; exterritus, flarr; extonitus, attonitus, from flour and bardy, furdy; from fp of fpit or fpeww; and out; comes fponr fonw'd5 fromachus, maw5 offendo, fined; obfipo, flop; audere, dare; cavere, from the fame fp, with the termination iz, is [pin; and adding out, [pin out aware5 Whence, a~ware, be-ware, aayy, warn, warning, for the Latin @ con- and from the fame fp, with i, is [pit, which only differs from fpost in that i fonant formerly founded like our 2w, and the modern found of the @ confonant is fmaller, and with lefs noife and force; but fpuster is, becaufe of the obfcure was formerly that of the letter £; that is, the Aolick digamma, which had 2, fomething between Jpit and \fpouz; and ‘by reafon of adding 7, it intimates the found of" ¢, and the modern found of the letter fwas that of the Gree a frequent iteration and noife, but obfcurely confufed: <vhereas fpatfer, on ac 4 or ph; uleds, wlcere, wleer, fore, and hence forry, forrow, forrowful; inge- count of the fharper and clearer vowel 4, intimates a more diftin& noife, nium engine, gin3 {calenus leaning unlefs. yo would rathe derive it fro xaww, whence inclino5 infundibulom, funnels gagates, jett5 proje@um, o je Sortky a jerty5 cucullus, a:cowl Ther are fyncopes fomewha harder fro tempore time; from/nomine aame; domina, dame; asthe French bomme, femme, nom, from homine, foeraina n_omin'e Thus pagina, page5 w@oshgion; por; wumedday, cip; cantharus, can tentorium, femt3 precar, pray; preeda, prey; {pecio, fpaculor, fpy ;5 plico, 2l implico imply'; replico, reply; complico, comply5 {edes: epifcopalis, fee which it chiefly differs from fputter Fro the fame fp, and the termination arky comes fpark, fignifying a fingle emiflion of fire with a noife; namely, f ‘the emiflion, ar the more acute noife, and % the mute confonant, intimates it being fuddenly terminated; but addin /, is mad the frequentative fparklce /The fame fp, by adding r, that is fpr, implies a more lively impetus of' diftufing ‘or expanding itfelf ; to which adding the termination ing,: it "becomes fprb!g its vigour fpr imports, its tharpnefs the termination ing; ‘and laftly iz‘acute and ‘tremulous, ending im the mute confonant g, denotes the fudden ending of ‘an anotion, that it is meant in its primary fignification,. of a fingle,. not a com A vowel is alfo cut of in the middle, that the number of the fyllable may beb leffened; as amita, awar; 3 fpiritus, [pright : deb?; dubito, plicated exilition. Hence we call fpring whatever has an elaftick force debitum doult 5 comes, comitis, count; clericus, clerk5 quietus, quit, quite; acquieto, | alfo a fountain of water, and. thence the origin of any thing; and to.fim'lg' fg sequits feparoy do fpares fabilis, fable; Rabulum, frable; pallativm, pa- {go germinate; and [pring, one of the four feafons Some may feem harfher, yet may nat be rejeted, for it at leaft appaars that fome of them are derived from proper names, and there are others whof etymology is acknowledged by cvery'bodys as _Alexander, Elick, Scander, San dery Sandy, Sanmy 3 -Elizabetha, Elizabeth, Elifabeth, Bertyy Befs j Margareta Margaret, Margets Meg, Peg; Maria, Mary, Mal, Pal, Malkin, Mawkin Since they received thefe immediate jivn, Eigde, yedder, Shos ra: s ag ra ex ' aw Je le ab fe ap fi o er ex s, lo cc {o f' x; 'e e /: Jiraggle; colle@um, cloty clutch; colligo, coil3 recolligo, recoil; fevero, favear as the Ofcanand othersy which have long become obfolete, received not a fe the Teutonick fcutxfer, Jquire ,_Fa?mtentfab, pe;.mme;'fgn& g vitulina, wea c e q h n u [ c a f u n t e f h F e f caliga, calga; chaufe, cha u @ y al ai uv ad re it re ce fp s ci fp hs for ints foras lef certain, that the Latin, which borrowed a great number of words, not onl Greek, efpecially the Aofick, but from other neighbouring languages from th fro besf m e f u o o l p e f c : v ; but l i g a ; m _ , l n r p e a c c t fi a q r n f y a t n f riu l le tr co r m arl y ‘ t fl e z , t e u l a i n l i il e if infula o f n t j r b l m n in Se e a i a e y E y l R y n w O ey, whenc d i l n‘ c t e n m a f ' t t g i r c ' z the beginning and end ¢ and 0 n c l '" " f o e a c i w x u n d w n x S t i w n m x a b o i o a ' u n n m m ' do s n m d o traced into fean5 as f e r w f f w i w f m i J t i e indeed apum cxamen they tur dg ve oo l d f o S s u u f . t g i u r inferting » to denote the m n a c n t c e i j u c f j s C J g m i u avet3 fudo, fweat; g As to many words which we have in common with the Germans, it 1s doul')tth fac prefbyter, prief g n e t l r ba h , t i a b t i g a c d i P fagus f " " b ; m. a b / . m J fi'eezfl;'f'ngefco, freb part 1s of Latin original ful whetle #our magnus have transferred into our language; as garden, garter, lj.uckl.er bouclier, avancer, crier, plaider ; thoug @ file le; fif@l fCCUf;S; f_uf; 5 reu'gutola'b, 'Tr m m o " s decan.u S A I S C P R O D a J t r t p f ' neus, fuddmaaiinry'; fodion gnor, deign5 tIngo, Jain5 tinCtum, igint 5 pingo, paint; preso w in La th fr iv de no nc Fr el pu d wo Som th ‘rotundus, round 3 fragilis, frail' tife5 fubtilis, fubtle3 nomen Many, of thefe which feem felected as immediate defcendants from the Latin are apparently French, as conceive, approve, expofe, excmpt fro ‘l"fiflg', | f o w e e o i u f e f f o o qae{i\; alfo a confonant, or at leaf Nothing is more apparent, than that Wallis goes too far in queft of originals to cry, to plead utfily brabl w a b n r w o v i r l b lace, place'; r From the fupines, fie}iplz‘mte, difpofe eximo 20 advance TH From the fame fpr @0 g