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Show 1887.] OF JAPAN AND COREA. 399 From Japan I have one species (Papilio mikado) new to science, and several not hitherto recorded as Japanese. Of the 91 species from Corea, 71 are common to Japan and Yesso, and 67 to Amurland including Askold, which is only about 300 miles north of Gensan. There are five species which occur in Northern China, hut not in Japan or Amurland, and I discovered four new to science. Of the 89 species which occur in Yesso only the following 8 do not occur in Central Japan :-Aporia cratagi, Dipsas jonasi, Thecla signata, T. ibara, T. fentoni, T. butleri, Vanessa urtica, Ismene aquilina ; only T. signata, T. ibara, and T. butleri are peculiar to Yesso, the remainder are found in Amurland. I commenced collecting at Nagasaki during April 1886, and found insect-life very abundant wherever a piece of accessible uncultivated ground was to be met with. This is only the case on hill-sides too steep for cultivation. It is wonderful to see the way in which the hills are cut into steps, supported by huge banks and walls, and kept constantly irrigated by small streams of water, especially in the south. Where a good piece of forest occurs it is usually impenetrable on account of the dense undergrowth of bamboo-grasses and ferns, filled with nauseous plants emitting an effluvium that resembles putrid flesh. This sort of collecting.ground occurs nearly all over the main and southern islands of Japan, and when combined with a mixture of tropical sunshine and tropical rains renders an entomologist's pursuit both arduous and unpleasant. I found at Nagasaki a small native-huilt schooner, which was placed at m y disposal by the kindness of influential friends. On this craft I lived for some six weeks, landing at a different locality each day and moving on at night. I was thus enahled to work a great deal of ground that had never before been visited by a European of any denomination, without wasting any time in travelling. After an uneventful voyage, considering the intricacy of the navigation and the ignorance of the captain, I again landed at Nagasaki. During the earlier part of June I took passage to Corea. The first port we touched was Fusan, where we were not allowed on shore owing to the cholera. I managed to evade the quarantine by procuring a boat, which landed me on Deer Island out of sight of the town, and had a fine day's collecting. I next reached Gensan, where I spent about a month. It was a great relief to find one's self in a country where rice was not grown, or only in very small quantities In the neighbourhood of the sea the ground is hilly and covered with low scrub, mostly dwarf oak seldom over a foot in height and with enormous leaves, azaleas, ferns, chiefly common bracken and Osmunda, the latter very small, and wild briars. The most conspicuous flowers are Iris, Spirseas, and Tiger-hhes, all vsry abundant Here and there a sheltered ravine is met with containing a few trees and with a stream running through it. These spots were a uerfect paradise to a collector. The reason ot the bareness of the coast-hills is owing to the fact that the natives mow them for fuel every autumn. At a distance of about fifteen miles from the sea |