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Show 1887-] NOMENCLATURE OF INDIAN MAMMALS. 625 and the East Indies' was published in 1757 at Stockholm; but there are German and English translations. It appears to me extremely doubtful whether the tufted animal described by Osbeck was not a young Semnopithecus, possibly S. mitratus. The description certainly suits that animal rather than any Macacus. The habits mentioned by Osbeck are indeed those of a Macacus, not of a Semnopithecus ; but they are evidently derived from hearsay, and not from observation. There is a second reference under S. aygula in the original Linnaean description to " Simia nigra magnitudinis media, Edw. Av. 221, t. 311." The figure and description of Edwards's "Middle-sized Black Monkey " were probably taken from a Cercopithecus. I do not think the term aygula can with any reasonable probability be applied to the Malay Monkey. The name Simia atys is of equally questionable origin. It was given to a young albino monkey that may have been either a Cercopithecus or a Macacus. Unless some good reason can be found for retaining one of the earlier appellations, it appears probable that Cuvier's name has the be:t claim to stand for the species. III. On Macacus rhesus. The above name has been very generally adopted for the common Macacus of Northern India, and I believe correctly. Every now and then, however, this animal is called M. erythraus (Schreber). The name Simia rhesus, as is well known, was given by Audebert in the ' Histoire Naturelle des Singes et Makis,' published in 1797. A good figure of the animal was given, and the species was identified with the "Macaque a queue courte" of Buffon, Hist. Nat. Supp. vii. p. 56, pl. xiii. Now this same figure of Buffon's was copied by Schreber, and the name Simia erythraa applied to it. But this plate does not appear amongst the Monkeys in Schreber's 'Saugthiere,' in vol. i. (1775), nor in the additional plates referred to as belonging to vol. i. in vol. iii. p. 590 (1778), and vol. iv. p. 636 (1792). The plate was published undoubtedly as plate viii. c in Wagner's Supplement (1840), and a description was given iu the letterpress. The only question is whether any earlier publication took place. The reference to Schreber runs thus, " Schreb. tab. 8. fig. Buff." Schreber's original plate 8, however, represented Simia mormon, the Mandrill. There is, in Wagner's Supplement, no reference to any page as in the case of other species described in Schreber's original work. But the name Simia erythraa was used long previously on Schreber's authority. The earliest use of it that I have been able to find is in Shaw's ' General Zoology' (vol. i. p. 33), published in 1880. The only reference is "Schreb. Supp.," no number of the plate nor of letterpress being quoted. Another reference is by Geoffroy (Ann. Mus. xix. p. 101), and many might be quoted. From none however, can I gather that the plate on which the name |