| OCR Text |
Show England's Prefent lntertfl Confultr'd. VoL. r. !6H· to ~heir own and Pofierities Felicity, that it hath been above Thirty Times ~ raufied and commanded, under great Penalties, to be put in Execution. Chap. I. Here are the three Fundarnenr:als comprehended and exprefs'd, to have been the Rights and Privileges of Englijhmm. I. Ownerfhip, conjifling of Liberty ond Propmy. In that it fuppofu EnglHhmen to he free, there's Liberty :Next, tbat tbty have Freeholds, there's Property. , II. That they have the Voting of their own Laws: .For t1Jat WtU an an· cient free Cuflom, tU I have already prov'd, and aU /Ncb Cu{Joms are exprej/y c-Qnfirmed by this Great Charter: Bifzdu, tbe People belp'd to make it. III . .An Injflltnce upon, antl o real Share in the Judicatory Power in tbt Execution and Application thereof. , This is a fubftantial Part, thrice provided for in thofe fixteen Lines of the Great Charter before rehears'd : 1. That no Amercement jhaD be a.JJe.ffeJ but by Oath of Good and Honefi Men of the Vicina_ge. 2. 'JI.:or we ]hall no; pnfl upon him, nor condemn l1im, but by lawful Judgment of his Peers. 3· Or by tb< Llw of the Land: Which is Synonymo"'• or a Slying of equal Signification with lawful Judgment of Peers: For Law of the Luu!, and lawful ]11Jgment of Peert, are the Proprium ']ltarto modo, or Effential Qua .. lities of rhefe Chapters of our Great Charter ; being communicable Omni, Joli f:t _felflper, to all and every Claufe thereof alike. Chief Juftice Cook well obfen•es, in his Second Inftitutes, that per Lt .. gem Ttrrte, or by the Law of the Land, imports no more than a Tr;•n/ by Procefs, and Writ originally at Common Law; which cannot be without the lawful Judgment of Equals, or a Common Jury: Therefore per Legale Judicium Parium, by the lawful Judgment of Peers, and per Legem Terre, by the Llw of the Land; pllinly fignify the fame Privilege to the People. So that it is the Judgment of the Freemen of England, which gives tho Cajf, and turns the Stale in Englifh Juftice. There bein~ fo evidently ptov'd by long Ufe, and fevelll Laws, to have been the Firjt Principles or Fundamentals of the Englifo Free Go,•crnment, I take Leave to pro_pofe this Qpeftion: May the Free People of England be juftiy d~lfeifed oj an, or any of tbefe Fundamentals without their Confent C.UeUJV<iy ? .Jinfw. With Submillion, I conceive, Not ; for which I (hall produce; fi.rft my Reafons, then .Authoritits. 1. Through the Britifh, Saxon, and ]\Turman Times, the People of this lfland have been reputed and call"d Freemen by Kings, Parliamtnts, Records and lfi!1orie.s: And as a Son fuppofes a Fatber, fo Freemen. fuppofe Freedom. This (h.>lification imports ln Abfolute Right: Such a Right as none has Right to Diffeife or Difpoffefs an Englilbman of: Therefore: an Unalterable Fundamental Part of the Government. II. It ca_n never be thought, that they intrufted any Reprefentathus with thefe Capual Privileges, farther than to ufc their heft Skill to fecure and J?aintain theth. They never fa delegated or impower"d any Men, that Je Jure, they could deprive them of that Qualification? And a FaOo. "d ]IH 11on valet .Argumentum : ' For the Qpeftion is not, What May be done! but w?at Ought to be done ? Overfeers and Stewards are impower'd, not to .Alzenare, but pteferve and improve other Men's Inheritances. Jl.:o OtOn· ers deliver their Ship aud Goods into any Man•s 'Hands to give them a .. way. or run upon a Rock; neither do they confign their Affairs to Agents or FaE\:ors without Limitation. All Trs41s fuppofe fuch a Fundamental Right in them that give them, and fur whom the Tmfts are, as is altogether indiffolvable by the Truftecs. The Truft is the Libcity and PropertY of the People; the Limitation is, that it fhould not be ihvaded, "bttt invio-lably preferved, accor~ing w the Law Q[ the Larul. * l!l.If V tiL. 1. Englabd;s 'Pr.'tfent lntrrefl Conji<l~r'd. 6 . Ill. If So/,, Populi be S•pmn• Lt th s r. ~3 eft Law, as fay feveral of our Ancie~'t Fa~ a ez of the People rte high- t61\' then fince the aforefaid Rights are as th ~us ::t~yers and Law-Books . · • .. Free Body Politick, ic follows~. they are 3t ie Sgzetep that_hold together thi~ ~ Jnd rherefore ought to be a Rule and U . a a II art of the Supreme Law IV Th Etl mtt ro a fubfequenr Legiflation ' . e lte goes before the Stewa d h f' . • . . Houfe, People before tlteir Reprefi t . r ' t e oundauon be(Ore ttt~ • Creature. The Steward lives by enfc an.ves, and the! Ci~ator befOre,_ the by Reafon of it's F6undation fh pre ervl~g the Eftate; tho :ffoufe tt;~nd!r as the CreatUle fubfifls by the;"o e Rep~tfccntative cfepetids Upofi the Pedpi lc r wer of JC s re:uor. ~ Every Reprifemative nlay he ll'd h the Pet?ple make tJJem ana ro tfi , t e Creature .of the feDp!e, bec~ufe Tr~nf~entiatin@ Or Trdnfubfianda:~F they mye rhetr Being. Here . ls ~do fentattve, JIO more~ than there . ngbiftBeing, from. People to Repre· Lener of .. tUtoniey. IS an a o ute Transfernng of a Tide in ;l The very Term Kepreftnrotive iS h .. the ~oufC'canhor fiand. wirflol.lr itsefoug d t~ the cpnrrary; Wherefore-a~ without it's Creator; fo can there be ~~n ;mon, nor. t~e ~reature i\lbfil.l nor that People Free, which all at ' .. Jyprefentot!v~ Wtlbout II P,opJe, parable ftom the E'nllifh People) onrs/s tnr~d~d (as tnherem to, and infe-: Frt'fdom'withotJt fomething be Fund~;:::al. reedon:; nor can there be anj In fhorr, I would fain know of a M h Up the Root of \h.e Tree thiu bears ~y ~3H_ ow the Branches c3n ·cut. has not only a meer Trujl to ·tfi r e~ · ow any Reprefemative_, thao ricance; hue th:it is a Reprcfef:ati~veh undkment~lr, the P~ople's lnhe, Fu.nd~ment31 La'W, viz. tQat tbe Pe t at rna es L:m~sl h "YJnue qf this Pnnclple prov'd. bK me) can: lia t''ehbavt-a .Pou•er zn Le.J)j/tJJion (tht 2d mental ? The F,trnd:. menfal maie; t lg t to remove or ;rleitroy that Fuo.d:l!' a Reprefemarive Can thi C he P~o.Pl~ F:e:, this free People llia.ket cve'r r'bfe hjgber ttan it's FfeaJ;·~~e Rqu:J!Ify ~~ s C!eatqr? What S~ring: Copy; an Exempllficatioil th ~ F ep epre enra.nve IS ar bdt h,ur a .ttue· lable by 3 Trartfcrlpt: And\f t~la:fun~~~~n~rr t~~ rri{;initl, not CJJJcdi 3 Power df Lt_gi}lation b • 11 bl a w IC gl\·es .to the &opJe makes them What t.h~ ea~~~ .lilU a e by t.h:Jr Repre(enrath•e, b:ecaufe it Men of their Lib'erty aKd Prcipem~ch lhfs fi"fi ~hlt Reprefenrariv~ diffiifd' P11rent of this Otper ,_ and which)' ~ e ' rear F~ndam~ntal, th~at is~ thiJcre~ervi~g of ~he firft lnviolflhle~ntlcs ro a Share tn dukmg Laws for the t~oifi~;e ;~;~~c;~cndta~~r·:! other than the neolffary frodudion of where the P~ople have~Ot'a sb ary. Dt~ns_, and make _Pof~!tr Lr:al; (ot tion, JS well .as making of the i;~n / guunr, that Is,~~ the App.lica..; pe~ to daily lnvJfiOn, (hould it be o~r re~ ~-t~er rwo are lmperfe~; oPunce F'or as Pro . • ~ n e Ictcy ever to ha\'e a vrolenr are ddtitute of P6~~~t~~~ h~de;J it Y ~tp!ifdi:hc:re ~4.qfe thar h~?e it have borh if the h Sh · ~ ut . Y w..mak.mg ; fo thofe. that c:afily .i~ rh;t Hed{e b~~ke~oJo~n ?are lD the Application of the Law, how !Ina tndeed 'as tt is l molt jufi>nd nec~lt l( ' . nourabl.e Cuft'om, fO ic is the Prinu's lntert1{?Fo~sfi~i tha: ~~~~clnr arid ho~ cerned In the Incorweniences wilh him and J . f dfi b . Jfe are con .. p~:r~~~~ ~~i~ra~r:l"g& and rheillmPortu~irt:s. ~h~t~Y;&: eife ~~.~rt~~~ fuch ACt' J' . re es, as ' we as from the Mifchiefs dttt might ·enfue· now in p~~l~- Lef~~~~~ ~c enoogbhltoA(a~, t~at there are abo\'e Fifty Statlltrr L , .. '· I . t s venera e nflquay, that warrant.an:d confirm this t~~le r;t'f{'h~' Pt~rllfmffuorlut!m., or the Try at of ~nglijh A1en bJ lheir Equal~. th Jr a , tnt at a_ ew n ances: The 6rll IS, The f4r1 aj Lancajler in af~;l~h ~f f/.w. lli;"~l"1id to dye without lawtul Tryal ofbis Peers : And . c!ri r s enry, ar o ancpfler h1s· Brother; mpeltored. The R.eafbns-jgi~"; r wr1e two: I. Becaufe t)Je fa~ Thonuuyps·,Jot Arraion1J and put to A.(l· · 2. . ~a~he Vvasp11t ro Denb vmDofl~ .AnJwtr) or La~/ulJildii/lrnJ.ifbH' · ~ S l f f 2 PC~irt r 2.12 IJ . " 1-i. 1" |
