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Show 354 PROF. K. VON BARLELEBEN ON THE [Apr. 17, mutilated from the loss of their fins, which were continually away by the Mud-fishes from each other. The mode of reproduction of Protopterus seemed to be wholly unknown, except as regards the information contained in an article recently published in 'Le Mouvement Geographique' (1894, p. 30), in which it was stated, from observations made by the French Missionaries at Mpala on the western shore of Lake Tanganyika (lat, 6° 45' S.), that the embryos of the Protopterus (there called locally Sembe or Sompe) were carried about in an elongated gelatinous sac attached to the sides of the back of the parent and were very numerous. I. On the Bones and Muscles of the Mammalian Hand and Foot. By Prof. K A R L V O N B A R D E L E B E N , M.D. Berol. [Received April 16, 1894.] (Plates XX. & XXI.) As the Committee of the " Anatomische Gesellschaft" has asked me to give a Report on the Mammalian Hand aud Foot at the next meeting of the Society at Strassburg, I wish previously to publish my own investigations on this subject made since 1885 at Jena, Leyden, Amsterdam, Brussels, Berlin, and Paris, and especially in 1889 and 1890 in the Natural History Museum, in the Royal College of Surgeons, and in the dissecting-room of the Zoological Society's Gardens in London, of which I have only published short abstracts in the Proc. Zool. Soc. 1889 (p. 259, pi. xxx.), in the Anat. Anz. 1890, and in the Verhandluneen d. anat. Ges.' P. V. 1891. 6 I have examined the distal parts of the fore and hind limbs in all orders of Mammals either in skeletons or in specimens dissected by myself. Naturally I have paid greatest attention to the "praspollex" and "praehallux" and to the " postminimus " \ especially to the muscles and other soft parts of these structures. Apart from all theory, I think everybody may agree with me in calling a bone or a thumb-like outgrowth on the radial side of the pollex " praepollex," and a structure behind the minimus " postminimus." The name " sesamoid bone" is much more misleading, and as I cannot agree that the structures I am speaking of are " sesamoids," or that they consist only of bone-for there are also soft parts, such as muscles, vessels, nerves-I must use the abbreviations Pp., Ph., and Pm. This paper will be divided into three parts : the first concerning the skeleton, and the second relating to the muscles; in the third the bones and the muscles will be compared, and the conclusions concerning the meaning of Pp., Ph., and Pm., and concerning the homologies between the bones of hand and foot, will be given. 1 I will use the abbreviations Pp., Ph., Pm. |