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Show 422 DR. C. I. FORSYTH MAJOR ON DENTAL [Mar. 15, Goa. Dry skull, No. 56.10.1.2. The deciduous molars still in place ; m. 3 had not yet cut the gum. Horizontally directed alveoli of the lost upper canines are to be seen in the usual place. From this survey of what is at present known about these rudimentary canines, it would appear that, with the exception of Neotragus (pygmceus), they never cut the gum, and are usually dropped very early in life, so that in the great majority of cases they are perfectly functionless. Although so few cases have been recorded, they represent the principal groups of Antelopes ; and I feel sure that calcified rudimentary milk-canines will be found to be normally present in all fcetal and most very young Antelopes, and that it is only owing to the great scarcity of fcetal and very young skulls in our Museums that they have not been observed more frequently. In the earliest known undoubted Antelopes, from the Middle Miocene, the anterior portion of the maxillary is never preserved. In the same deposits occur detached upper canines of Ruminants. These become much more numerous in the Oligocene, where the}' are besides not unfrequently met with in place in more or less complete skulls ; and it has always been assumed as a matter of course that all these remains are those of either Cervidae or Tragulidse. Since, however, we may conclude, from the vanishing rudiments present in recent Antelopes, that the early representatives of the family were provided with functional upper canines, the presence of the latter in remains of Tertiary Ruminants can certainly no longer be considered in itself as a reason for excluding the Antelopes. The Oligocene Gelocus,' e. g., has been repeatedly associated with the Tragulidae; but it might more appropriately been termed an ancestral Antelope. The "Anlagen " of the upper canine and the lateral (third) incisor have been demonstrated and carefully studied in early fcetal stages of tbe domestic sheep and oxen (Goodsir, Piana, Pouchet et Chabry, Mayo, A. Hoffmann, Rose unci Bartels, and others); but I do not know that calcified upper canines have ever been observed in either Ovines or Bovines ; neither is there a trace of their alveoli in a foetal Giraffe in the Natural History Museum. III. Additional minute cheek-tooth in the mandible of a Tertiary Shrew, " Sorex pusillus H. v. Mey., var. grivensis Depf (text-fig. 82 A, B, p. 423). In the Shrew family (Soricida?) the number of the upper teeth varies considerably according to the different genera and even species ; it is, however, remarkably constant in the lower jaw of recent Shrews, in which, with one exception pointed out by Dobson (Myosorex varius Gray), there are invariably six teeth, viz. three true molars, and two minute teeth, situated between the anterior true molar and tbo large anterior procumbent incisor. W . B. Scott has described a Shrew (Protosorex crassus Scott |