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Show 7 OLD¥PAPERMAKIN The fourth and probably the most interestin groupof watermarkswould include wild, domestic and legendary animals as well as snakes, fish, snails turtles, crabs, scorpions, and all varieties of insects It was the forms of animals that required th most dexterity to twist into wire and which gav the early artisans the greatest outlet for their skill The bull's head, one of the earliest animal papermarks, made its appearance during the fourteent century and was a favourite emblem with th papermalkers for two hundred years. The head o the bull was sometimes used without appurtenan ces but more often it is seen surmounted by a Lati cross, Rose of Bliss, half-moon, crown, flails, or lik symbols. Also we find a curled snake on the staf ofa cross projecting from the bull's head device resembling a caduceus. Watermarks of the hea of the bull, both surmounted bya snalke and cros and Rose of Bliss are found in some of the sheet of paper used in Myles Coverdale's translation o the Bible printed in 1535,~the first Bible printe in English. The bull's head mark in various form also appears in paper that was used by Willia Caxton, Colard Mansion, Gerard Leeu, and othe noted printers who procured their paper from th Low Countries. The full figure of the bull is no quite as common a watermark as the head alone butwhen it does appear it is interesting to note tha the tail, in most cases, is divided into three strands Digital image© 2004 Mariot Libary, Universty o Uta. All right reserved |