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Show 3 OLD~PAPERMAKIN show such remarkable strength and endurance By makinga study of old paper it is possible to tel by the peculiarities of the fibres in what manne they had been reduced to pulp. The stampingmills did not cut or lacerate the delicate fibres a the action of these machines was rather to ruban fray the material he annexed specimens of paper marked A, B C,and Ca, were made from pulp which had bee prepared by stamping-mills. The first three sheet are of Italian or French origin and are from abou the years 1480,1580, and 16 54, respectively. Th fourth specimen (Ca)is of American origin, datin from about 1725 and was crudely formed upon a illy made mould. The wooden deckle of the moul on which this sheet was formed was badly fitte allowing the pulp to run under it which cause exaggerated deckle edges on the sheet. While th samplesof this paper bear nowatermarks, there ar certain characteristics that determine the sheet to be of early American origin The Dutch conceived the idea for the cylinde beater, for reducing rags to pulp, during the latte part of the seventeenth or the beginning of th eighteenth century, and this machine is know to this day as the "Hollander," after the country o itsinvention. It consisted of an oblong tub, rounde atboth ends, in which revolvedasolid wooden rol fitted with about thirty blunt steel knives. Th Diital image© 2004 Marriot Library, University o Utah. Al righs reserved |