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Show "be Vegetation Book If. Book ILL ConA Peay, 14. §. AND that the Milky Liquors of all Vegetables whatfoever, are more Oylie than their Lympha's, is moft certain. Forall thofe Guas, which diffolve either in Oy/ or in Water, as Galbanum, and the like, are originally the Milky juyces of Plants. Of the Figaration of Trunks. = And if youtake the Milk any Tafte, Bitter, Aftringent, Hot, Cold, or any other whatfoever5 and having well dryed it, and then fired it at a candle 5 it will thereupon burn with a very bright and durable flame, even like that of of both from a Rofiz anda Mucilage. Firlt, a Roffn, is originally a Turpentine, or Acidoleons Liquor, having an exceeding {mall quantity of Watery Parts mixed therewith 5 and which, for that reafon, will notbe diffolved in Water, but only in Oy/. Of this kind are Maftick, Benzoine, Ia:camahacea, and divers others, commonly, in our Bils to .Apothecaries, called Gums. Yet in ftrié {peaking they are all fo many Rofins. . §- Secondly, a Gum, and every Oylie Gum, is originally a Milky Liquor, having a greater quantity of Water mixed withits Oyly Parts; and which for that reafon, will be made to diffolve eitherin Water or Oyl. OF thiskind are Sagapen, Opopanax, Ammoniac, and others, 17. §. Thethird fort ofGum, is that whichis Uvoylie, and which therefore diffolveth only in Water, as Gum-arabick, the Gum of Cherry-Tree, and others fuch like. This Gym, though commonlyfo called, yet is properly but adryed Mucilage: being originally nothing elfebut the Mucilagizous Lympha iffuing from the Vefels of the Tree. In like manner, as it doth from Cumfry, Mallow, and divers other Plants: and even from the Cucumer. The Veffels whereof, upon cut- ting ctofs, yield a Lympha, whichis plainly Mucilagizous, and which being well dryed, at length becomes a kind of Gum, or rather a hardened Mucélage> In like manner, the Gus of Plum-tree, Cherrytree and the like, are nothing elfe but dryed Mucilages. Or, if we will take the word inits wideft fenfe, then all Gums are originally, either a Terebinth, or a Milk, or a Mucilage. 18. §. I have likewife made divers Obfervations of the Tz iy Smells, and Colours of Plants, and of their Contents, fince thofe I att publifhed: and that both for the finding out the true Caufes of their Generation, and alfo the applying of them unto Medical and other Ofes. Of which hereafter. hgttee ee 15. §. FROMwhat hath been faid, we may likewife gather the moft genuine import of the word Gum, and the diftinétion there- 9 HE Fifth Head, thall be, of the Figuration of TEN Trunks. Whichalfo, as well as the making of oO Liquors, dependeth upon the Structure of the Parts. As Firff, almoft all Shrubs ( cateris paribus ) have a greater number ofAer-Veffels ; and of any Plant, as for inftance, the Mi#/k of common Smach, or of Tar or Turpentineit felf. of Trunks. ¢ aS : =~ thofe ofa {maller Size ; and confequently much {pread abroad, as moft eafily yielding to the maguctick Power of the Aer, according as we have more fully demontftrated, in {peaking of the Vegetation of Roots: as in Elder, Hazel, Fig, Sumach, and the like. By which fpreading, the faid Aer-Vefels do fooner, and more eafily {trike into the Barque, and fo produce collateral Buds and Branches, and that uponthefirlt rifing of the Bodyfrom the Root : thatis, the Plant becomes a Shrub. 2. §. BUT if the faid Aer-Veféls are very large, they will not yield fo eafily to thoot out collaterally 5 and fo the Trunk grows up taller and more entire:as in Oak, Walliut, Elw,&c. wherein they are exceeding large,is feen.Hencealfo the Vine,if fupported,willgrow toa prodigious length. And Hops and Bryony,are fome of the talleft,amongft all Anznal Growths: the Aer-Vefféls of all which, are very large. Whereas Borage, and manyother like Plawts, although the Pores of their Parenchymea,are valtly wide,andfilled with Sup ; yet becaufe their Aer-Veffels are fmall, they are therefore but Dwarf:-Plants. Wherefore the tallnefS or advancement of a Plant or Tree, dependeth not upon the Plenty of Sap, how great foever, but on the Largeneft of the Aer-Veffels. 3. §. AGAIN, as a Plant or Tree grows either Shrubby, or Tall and Entire, according to the Size of the faid Veffels: fo from their Pofition, doth it grow slender or Thick, So, where they keep more within the compafs of a Réwg, asin Elw, and fh, the Tree, in proportion, ufually grows taller, and lefs thick. But where the faid Veffels ave fpread more abroad, and efpeciallyare poftured in Rays,as theyare in Ozk, the Tree grows very thick. Becaufe the faid Vefels thus ftaniding all along nearer to the Ixfertiovs, there is a more ready and copious paflage of the Aer out of the one into the other; and fo the Diametral growth of the Woed is more promoted. 4. §. LASTLY,fromthe famegeneral caufeit is,That the Trunks of Vegetables are either Round or Angular, Thole of all Trees are Round. Becaufe the Barque, being here thicker, and the Acr-Veffels bound up witha greater quantity of Wood; the Aer hath not fufficient power to move them, and the Barqwe with them, into thofe various Pofftions or Figurations, asthe Trunks of Herbs do yield to. 5. g. Yet the caufe of the various fhapes of the Trunk; is not the Aer alone 5 but partly, the Préwciples of the Plants themfelves, in conjuction therewith 5 according to the predominion whereof, and chiefly offome certain kind of Salt or Salts, as1 fhall hereafter (4) more 4cP: particularly explicate ) the Truzk is Square, Triangular, Pentangular, esa) B. or otherwife Figured. And thus much in general of the Figuration - Ch 6: of Trunks. EAP, |