OCR Text |
Show Experiments in diffolving Lea. VII. Let. VIL and ths. ith CHARS IL In which is fhewed, that by the Solution of Salts in Water, fome certain fpace, more or lefs, is gained. That the {pace is different according to the Nature ofthe Sale. And what the juft {pace is, whichis gained. ee HE Fifth Enquiryis, Whether by diffolving of SY ms a Salt in Water, there be any {pace gained, or not. That isswhether the Bulk of the Water be greater before the Salt lying in it befully diffolved, than afterwards. For tryal whereof, I took a Bolt-bead witha flender Neck, holding x. {omewhat more than pint ; and filling it up to acertain place in the Neck 5 Ithen put in an ; Ounce or twoof Sui. And obferving the hight ; of the Water, both before it was diffolved, and afterwards 3 It plainly appeared, that there was fome, and that a confiderable {pace , gained by the Difolution 3 the Water thereby finking feveral Inches below the place, whereit ftood after the Salt was firft putinto it. 2. §, From this Experiment it is plain, that there are Vacuities in Water. That is tofay, that all the partsof Water are not contiguou s, but that either betwixt, or in the Atomes of the Water themfelves, there are certain Pores, either abfolutely void, oratleaft filled up with another morefubtile body which is eafily excluded by the particles of Salt : by pofleffing the room of which the abovefaid {pace is gained. 3. §. The Sixth Enquiryis, Whether the {pace be equally gained, by an equal encreafé of the fame Swit. 4. §. For this I made two tryals 5 the firft was this, Two half Ounces of Salt Armoxiac,being fucceffively diffolved in the fame Water both of them raifed up the Water in the Neck of the Bolt-head, equally55 the firft 3 Inches 2, and fo the fecond. 5. §. The other was this. Four half Ounces of Nitre,being ceffively diffolved in the fame Water, they all of them raifed up fucthe Water in the Neck of the Bolt-head, equally 5 the firfta little above two Inches, and the 24, 34, and 4th, juft as much. _ 6 §. The Seventh Enquiry is, Whether upon the Diffolutio n of feveral kinds of Salts, be gained fo many feveral quantities of {pace. For this I made tryal upon Eleven feveral Salts, {c. Salt of Tartar, Common Salt, Sal Gemmeus, RomanVitriol, Nitre, White Vitriol, Green Fitriol, Alum, Borax, Loaf: Sugar, and Sal Armoniac 3 of all which, diffolved an equal quantity /e. two Ounces, in an equal quantity I of Water, feverally 5 that is, taking frefh Water for every Solution. fuccefs was, That the Sal Armoniac railed the Water 15 Inches. Loaf-Sugar, 13 Inches and hs Inches, and $s. Inches and st» The Borax, a Foot. Green Vitriol, 9 Inches and sth. Nitre, 8 Inches, and 3. The The The Alum 11 White Vitriol, 9 Roman Vitriol. 7 Inches and HAN hi ul Salts in Water. Sal Gemma, 6 Inches, and 3th 301 Common Salt, 6 Inches and Salt of Tartar, not above 4 Inches and 3All which differen- cesare plain, and moft of them very remarquable: Two Ounces ofsal Armoniac raifing the Water near four times as high, as the fame quantity of Salt of Tartar. 7. §. From this and the fourth Experiment, compared, it alfo appears, That the feveral {paces gained bythe feveral Salts, though fome~ times they do, yet do not always anfwerto the Solubility of the faid Salts. As to give fome Inftances ; Loaf-Sugar is the moft difloluble of any other Sait; yet it gaineth lef {pace than all the reft, fave only Sal Armoniac. So Green Vitriol is more diffoluble then either Nitre or Common Salt, yet gaineth lefs {pace than either, efpecially than the latter. And Sal Armoniac, whichis more diffoluble than Aluor Bo- rax, yet gaineth lefs {pace than either of them. The Cane whereof is noteafily afligned. 8. §. Notealfo, that by the fame Experiment, as well as by the Tafte and other Circumftances, it is plain, That $al Gemmeis nothing elfe but Common Salt, coagulated or Cryftalliz’d under Ground. 9. §. Again, as the Fifth Experiment fheweth, That there are Vacnities in Water : {o doth this Laft, that thofe Vacuities, are ofdiffer- ing kinds. Becaufe, otherwife, it fhould feem, That the Bulg of the Water would increafe,more orlefs,according to the Solubilitie of every Salt, and not be alternately differenced as it is; Some Sults, more’ diffoluble, increafing the Bulk of the Water lefs, and others le& diffo- luble, increafing it more. I fay, that this difference dependeth not only upon the different Figures of the Atomes of Salt 5 becaufe then every Salt which is more diffoluble, would (quantity for quantity ) take up lefs room in the Water : which is contrary to the Experiment. 10. §. From the fame Experiment, howfoever paradoxical it may feem, yet is it alfo manifeft, That although Water bea Fluid, yet the Particles thereof are hard and confifent, and unalterable in their Figure. Otherwife it is plain, That all manner of Salts would be diflolved in the fame manner, and take up the fame room in the Water. For let the Figures of the Salts be never fo various, yet ifthe Particles of Water were themfelves Fluid or Inconfiftent and Alterable, they would always fo conforme to thofe Figures, asto fill up all Vacuities sand fo upon the Solution offeveral Salts, if of equal quantity, the Water would ftill retein an equal Bulk, As fuppofe an Ounce of Iron were drawn into Wyer, another beaten into Plates, a third made into Hooks, a fourth into Needles, a fifth into Nails; every one of thefe five Oun- ces, being put feverally into Water will encreafe its Bulk equally. I conclude therefore, That the Atomes of Water are hard and unalterable. a g. The Eighth Enquiry was this, What that jaft {pace might be, which any Sa/¢ gaineth upon Diffolution, with refpect toits own Bulk, or the Bulk of the Water? For the making of this Experiment, Water will not ferve, nor yet Spirit of Wine 5 becaufe they both of them diffolve moreor lef of thofe Salts which are put into them 3 whereby the obfervation of the true Bulk of the Salt, and confequently of the juft {pace it gaineth by Dilution is loft. {took therefore Oy! of Turpentine, and pouring it into a Bolt-head, marked the place of its afcent inthe Neck, Then pouring likewife into it two Ounces of Common |